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Fsck_130/fsck_help
This website contains an archive of files for the Acorn Electron, BBC Micro, Acorn Archimedes, Commodore 16 and Commodore 64 computers, which Dominic Ford has rescued from his private collection of floppy disks and cassettes.
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File contents
fsck (1.30) - map fixer and analyst
NOTE: this program is SHAREWARE. Read the !SHAREWARE file for more info.
fsck is a disc utility that fixes the map of an E-Format disc (hard or
floppy) if it is corrupted for some obscure reason. fsck can also report
some information about the way the files are allocated (such as the bytes
lost because of sector boundaries) and eventually print a detailed
description of the map and directories organization.
fsck can also be considered as a replacement of the *CheckMap command because
it is faster, less prone to crash and can give useful informations on the
files allocation.
Index
-----
- Usage
- What it does
- The logfile
- fsck and Risc PC
- fsck and 'big' discs
- Return values
- Notes
- Extra features
- Disclaimer
- Limitations
- Bugs
- Results achieved up to now
- History
- Credits
- Conditions of use
- Contacting the Author
Usage
-----
fsck [-options] [-d lostdir] [-l logfile] [pathname]
Most used options:
-s calculate statistics
-f try to fix map if broken
-l print the results in "logfile"
Less used options:
-h print help informations
-d link broken part of map in directory "lostdir"
-v print files location (-vv print also files position in zones)
-D just display disc information recorded in the map header
-q don't display disc information (quiet mode)
-c produce output like *CheckMap
-m ask the user to eventually move files instead of changing map
-n don't try to recognise directories
The default directory where files are linked is "$.lost+found".
If 'pathname' is not specified, the current disc is analysed.
If 'pathname' is not a root directory (eg. ADFS::0.$.Library), fsck checks
only that directory and so it cannot tell you if the map is good or broken.
This could be useful if you want to know the statistics of a single directory
instead of the whole disc. If the -f option is used, the disc is scanned from
the root directory, regardless of 'pathname'.
The -m and -n options used together cause fsck 1.20 or later to work like
fsck 1.13 or earlier.
What it does
------------
fsck scans the directory tree and checks the map to see if every file
registered in the map actually exists in a directory. If not, it creates that
file in a directory so that you will be able to delete it in the normal way.
If the file was originally a directory, fsck tries to relink it,
reconstructing the directory name and content. Even if you want to keep the
relinked files or directories, you should copy them and delete the original
one, because there is the risk that your map will be corrupted again,
especially if you try to change them.
Apart from directories and their content, the re-linked files are usually
longer than the original lost file because fsck always links whole sectors
(and there is no way to know the original length), their filenames are random
and filetypes are always &FFF (Text).
Using the -m option, fsck could tell you that an ID is regularly allocated
for another file and you have to delete it (moving the file to another
directory isn't enough, you have to copy it and delete the original) and run
fsck again. Without this option, fsck will change the ID in the map and
rewrite it to disc. The -m option is in fact only useful if you prefer not to
modify your map: anyway, remember that moving files on a corrupted disc can
be quite dangerous and can eventually corrupt other parts of the disc.
Sometimes the disc may be so corrupted that you will need to run fsck more
than once, the program itself will tell you if a re-run is needed.
The logfile
-----------
Using the logfile (-l) option is generally really useful: if something
strange happens, the author will be more helpful if he can see exactly what
happened and you don't even have to try to explain what happened when you run
fsck, the logfile is usually enough!
The logfile contains exactly what it is printed to the screen: unless you use
the -v option it will be really small (nearly 2K on a good map or nearly 10K
on a quite corrupted one).
You cannot save the logfile to the disc being analysed.
If a file with the same name as the logfile already exists, the new data will
be attached at the end of it: in this way, you can attach together two or
more logfiles.
fsck and Risc PC
----------------
fsck and CheckMap are no more equivalent on Risc PCs! In fact, Acorn changed
some behaviour of the FileCore module in RISC OS 3.50 so that it can now cope
with over-allocated files (ie. files that have allocated more space than they
need). This sort of files on older versions of RISC OS causes CheckMap to say
"Map inconsistent" and if you try to delete such files you will lose some
space. On RISC OS 3.50 (or later) CheckMap no longer says "Map inconsistent"
if over-allocated files are the only map problem and deleting them no longer
causes lost space. Compliment Acorn!
fsck still reports map corruptions in this case (on every version of RISC OS)
since an over-allocated file can be considered a problem (think of a 100K
file that uses up 10Mb of disc space and you will understand what I mean!).
Anyway, on a Risc PC, using the -m option you are able to discover such
files and you can fix the disc (assuming that your map is corrupted only
because of over-allocated files) by just moving them.
Remember that using the -f option fsck can cure the disc without moving any
file on every version of RISC OS.
fsck and 'big' discs
--------------------
In RISC OS 3.60 Acorn included a new version of the FileCore module that
supports 'big' discs (ie discs larger than 512Mb).
Only the registered version of fsck (version 1.30 or later) fully supports
this new FileCore, unregistered versions will just report a message when
running on 'big' discs.
Return values
-------------
This paragraph will be interesting only for programmers who want to write a
program/frontend which has to interface with fsck.
fsck returns to RISC OS a value that is 0 only if fsck was able to scan the
disc and the map is good, otherwise it returns 1.
fsck also sets the numeric system variable fsck$ReturnCode to a value that
can be more helpful in determining why fsck failed, or 0 if the map was good.
The value is formed by the following bits:
enum {
return_MAPGOOD = 0x00000000, /* the map is good (!) */
return_MAP_BROKEN = 0x00000001, /* the map is broken, fsck -f should fix it */
return_MAP_FIXED = 0x00000002, /* the map was broken but has been fixed */
return_MAP_UNFIXABLE = 0x00000004, /* the map seems to be unfixable... */
return_ONLY_MOVE_FILES = 0x00000008, /* the map is corrupted but RISC OS 3.50 or later is able to fix it moving some file */
return_NEED_ELIMINATE = 0x00000010, /* need eliminate to fix the map */
return_NEED_HARDFIX = 0x00000020, /* need hardfix to fix the map */
return_NO_ACTION = 0x00000100, /* no useful action performed (eg. fsck -h) */
return_PARAM_ERROR = 0x00000200, /* bad input parameters */
return_WRONG_FS = 0x00000400, /* wrong file system name, disc name, number, etc. */
return_IO_ERROR = 0x00000800, /* error while reading/writing disc, directories, etc. */
return_MEMORY_FULL = 0x00001000 /* not enough free memory */
};
You can expect that every possible combination of these values is returned
(ie. &30 means that both 'eliminate' and 'hardfix' are needed) even if
generally only one error number is returned.
If you are writing a 'C' program that has to call fsck you can use something
like this:
if (system("fsck ...")==0) {
/* map good */
}
else {
/* some problem occurred (not necessairily map broken!) */
/* check fsck$ReturnCode for more informations */
}
If you don't want to (or can't) check the return status you can just check
the value of fsck$ReturnCode.
Notes
-----
fsck is 20-30% faster than CheckMap (actually, up to 50% faster on big and
full drives!). If you really like CheckMap's output instead of fsck's one,
you can use the -c option so that fsck will print the directory tree as it
proceeds with the scan. You can eventually include the following alias in
your boot sequence so that you can still write 'CheckMap' even if 'fsck' is
the command actually executed (fsck should be reachable via Run$Path, for
example, put it in the Library directory):
Set Alias$CheckMap "fsck -c " [try "fsck -s " for a more useful output]
Anyway, fsck can also be used to show the "Free space chunks
statistics" or to calculate some statistics about the files allocation using
the -s option (not in conjunction with -c, though).
The "Free space chunks statistics" are always shown unless the -q or -c
options have been specified: in general, with a high number of (small) free
space chunks, RISC OS will be slower when saving files because it will try to
do an auto-Compact and (this is my personal opinion) there will be more
possibility that your disc will become corrupted. So, I think that in this
case you need to Compact your disc, eventually more than once, to try to
lower the number of free space chunks and to increase their size.
Remember that it is better if you close all the open files on the disc that
fsck is examining (ie. don't *spool on it!!). If you run fsck in a TaskWindow
remember to avoid any saving of data on that disc while fsck is running
because this will have VERY VERY DANGEROUS consequences if you use the -f
option!!!
If some file is corrupted, fsck will tell you to eliminate it before trying
to fix the disc (if you were already trying to fix the disc the fixing will be
disabled): before this, try to load the file and if RISC OS doesn't hang you
could be able to save the file somewhere before deleting the original.
It is possible to relink the files directly in the root directory: to do so,
just specify '$' as relink directory using the -d option. This features
should only be used if you can't use any other directory (eg the disc is full
and there are no directories on it!) since this may be potentially dangerous.
Extra features
--------------
Registered versions will support 'big' discs (see the "fsck and 'big' discs"
section) while the unregistered version will refuse to work on them.
No special features code is currently recognised.
Disclaimer
----------
Even if fsck *can* write to the map, this is generally not dangerous since it
only modifies the IDs of the lost files. Anyway, you are advised to use
hardfix to save the disc data before using fsck, so that you will be able to
restore it in case something goes wrong. If the relinked files are (for some
mysterious reason) unreadable or undeletable you should just use eliminate on
them and your disc should be as corrupted as before.
Anyway, modifying the disc map and the directory tree can always be
dangerous: if fsck corrupts your disc (or if the disc becomes corrupted when
you start writing to it after using fsck), I am sorry for you but I AM NOT
RESPONSIBLE for any loss of data on your discs, so use fsck at your own risk.
As you can see from the list below, fsck worked on many discs and it never
corrupted anything. Sometimes, I intentionally corrupt my disc to see if the
new versions work and have never experienced any problem!
Finally, remember that unless you specify the -f option, fsck will not write
to your disc and you are encouraged to make a backup copy of your important
data and to save the disc data using hardfix before running fsck -f.
Limitations
-----------
fsck can't fix seriously damaged discs alone: in this case it will ask you to
run eliminate or hardfix to fix what it can't.
fsck doesn't fix discs that contain two (or more) files with the same SIN. In
this case *CheckMap will hang while fsck will just report "Map good".
Bugs
----
Sometimes, on heavily damaged discs, you need to run fsck more than once even
if it doesn't tell you to do so.
fsck could have problems with RISCiX partitioned discs: it works with the
RISCiX partitioned discs I tried it on, but I cannot be sure it will work on
yours, too. If you have such a disc and fsck reports strange errors (or says
to run hardfix to fix it) please mail me the logfile and (more important) the
disc data saved by hardfix.
Results achieved up to now
--------------------------
I wanted to maintain a list of disc successfully fixed by fsck so that people
could see that it actually worked on someone's disc: now this list is grown
and contains a lot of different configurations so I think I'll stop adding
new discs to it (although I'll add any 'Negative result'). However, I'd like
to add any other 'strange' configuration (especially Risc PC 700!), if you
have one and fsck fixed your disc, let me know.
Positive results:
1) some 800K ADFS floppy (used during development).
2) 100Mb IDE (ICS interface) partitioned in 84Mb/16Mb (both partitions
fixed). Owner: Sergio Monesi (ie. me!)
3) 100Mb IDE (ICS interface). Owner: Cristian Ghezzi
4) 314Mb SCSI (Serial Port Alpha SCSI interface). Owner: K. Bailey
5) 60Mb IDE (A4 portable). Owner: G. Castagno
6) 48Mb SCSI (Oak 16 Bit interface). Owner: A.M. Baardholt
7) 40Mb ST506. Owner: A. Goodfellow
8) 80Mb IDE (A5000). Owner: Julian Wright
9) 240Mb SCSI (HCCS 8 bit interface) partitioned in 2*120Mb. Owner: Kai
Schlichting.
10) 245Mb IDE (A5000). Owner: H. M.
11) 80Mb IDE (A5000). Owner: Mike Henry
12) 121Mb SCSI (Lingenuity SCSI interface). Owner: R. Z.
13) 100Mb SCSI (Oak interface). Owner: JP Hendrix
14) 60Mb IDE (A4 portable). Owner: J. Wallace
15) 122Mb SCSI (Atomwide Parallel/SCSI interface). Owner: J. Wallace
16) 80Mb IDE (A5000). Owner: P. Callan
17) 240Mb SCSI (Morley Cached interface). Owner: P. Callan
18) 80Mb SCSI (Morley Cached interface). Owner: P. Callan
19) Some 45Mb Syquest Removable cartridges. Owner: P. Callan (this poor dude
has a lot of discs, all of them were broken, now successfully fixed!!)
20) 40Mb ST506. Owner: G. Riley
21) 40Mb IDE (Serial Port interface). Owner: G. Riley
22) 40Mb ST506. Owner: M. Ferrari
23) 240Mb IDE (A5000). Owner: E. Pfarr
24) 200Mb SCSI. Owner: S. Williams
25) 500Mb SCSI. Owner: S. Williams
26) 314Mb SCSI (Morley interface). Owner: Cy Booker
27) 60Mb IDE (A4 portable). Owner: M. Stephens
28) 105Mb SCSI (HCCS 8 bit interface). Owner. S. Huber
29) 20Mb IDE (Watford interface). Owner: S. Pollard
30) 57Mb SCSI (Lingenuity interface). Owner: M. Grimminck
31) 170Mb IDE (A5000). Owner: M. Ebourne
32) 40Mb ST506. Owner: M. Attenborough
33) 120Mb IDE (ICS interface). Owner: J. Haslam
34) 170Mb SCSI (Oak 16 Bit interface). Owner: P. Spencer
35) 116Mb IDE (Desktop Projects interface). Owner: A.D. Hodgkinson
36) 420Mb IDE (A5000). Owner: E. Pronk
37) 210Mb IDE (Risc PC). Owner: E. Hughes
38) 105Mb IDE (ICS interface). Owner: C. Whitehead
39) 200Mb SCSI (Acorn Interface). Owner: A. Malara
40) 850Mb IDE (Risc PC 700). Owner: P. Hedderly
[...]
Negative results:
No negative results till now.
History
-------
1.00 -- 07 Apr 94
First fully working version. Released only via e-mail.
1.01 -- 13 Apr 94
Fixed a bug concerning filing system names. Added -D option. Now fsck
generally needs only one run to fix a heavily corrupted disc. Added eliminate
program.
1.02 -- 20 Apr 94
Changed again the method to check filing system names (Thanks to Keith
Bailey). Added percentages in statistics. Checks boot block checksum and
shows defect list.
1.03 -- 26 Apr 94
Now it is possible to scan a single directory instead of the whole disc. You
can specify 'relative' pathnames (eg. @.Examples) instead of full paths
(Thanks to Julian Wright). At the end of the scan fsck will tell you which
files should be eventually deleted. Added statistics about fragmented files
and free blocks sizes. Changed the 'F's and 'D's with a rotating wheel...
Added -q and -l options.
1.04 -- ?? May 94
Cured a serious bug that has always been present but never caused problems
(until 1.03). Added ImageFSFix check and -I option. Now fsck understands
RISCiX partitions.
1.10 -- 11 May 94
RISCiX partitions are now fully supported (ie. mapped out). First version
distributed as SHAREWARE.
1.11 -- ?? Jun 94
Added -a option. The logfile is appended to the end of the file if it already
exists and now it contains the creation date. Great speed increase (up to 2
times faster without -s and 5 times faster with -s!!!). Now fsck is just 25%
slower than *CheckMap (or 2 times slower with -s)! Added the note about "Free
space chunks statistics" (see the section Notes).
1.12 -- 12 Jun 94
Another speed improvement (just 10%)! fsck isn't yet as fast as *CheckMap but
I'm working on it ;-) Fixed a possible dangerous behaviour of -a option.
Added a warning for HD boot blocks marked as defect. Slowed down the wheel.
Added files MapExpl and StatsHelp.
1.13 -- 26 Jun 94
Faster again (15% with -s, 3% without)!! Now statistics are just a bit slower
than normal mode. Automatic creation of lostdir. More messages at the end of
the process that can help to understand what happened (ie. the disc is fixed,
fixable, unfixable, etc.) and more helpful error messages (no more "Can't
find 'AD::0.$': incorrect FS") if the floppy drive is empty!
1.20 -- 11 Oct 94
Completely rewritten! As you would expect: *FASTER* (this is probably the
maximum achievable speed with the structure of fsck, so don't expect further
significant improvements!). Now fsck is 20-30% faster than *CheckMap, even
with statistics enabled! Directory recognition added (see the "What it does"
section). No more files to move (so many people complained about this)! Added
-m and -n options to 'simulate' 1.13 version. Added -c option to simulate
CheckMap (!). Removed the obsolescent -a option. Fixed problems with
ImageFSFix module and removed -I option. If some file has allocation
problems, the name of the file is reported together with the error, so that
you can use 'eliminate' to remove it. Fixed a lot of bugs, some more sensible
messages and more consistent way to print some value. Added new statistics
about files that must be fragmented. Modified command line behaviour: if no
'pathname' is given, fsck scans the current disc (as CheckMap does). Added
'hardfix' program. Added '!QuickFix' and '!Intro' files. Modified most of
this help file, removed the "Can a serious filing system corrupt discs?"
section that contained only my (debatable) opinions and added "fsck and Risc
PC" section.
1.21 -- 05 Feb 95
Fixed some minor bug and added some error trapping. Added and documented a
sensible return code and the system variable fsck$ReturnCode. Fixed some bugs
in the directory relinking feature.
1.22 -- 12 Jun 95
Fixed bug that caused problems when relinking directories that share sectors
with other files to relink. Fixed problems related to non-ADFS partitions.
Fixed a bug that caused wrong IDs to be relinked in very infrequent cases.
Removed the limit on the number of IDs to relink (ie. no more "Too many IDs
to relink" errors).
1.30 -- 03 Jan 96
Added code-based user registration. Stopped maintaintaining list of fixed
discs since it was growing too much! Added support for 'big' discs
(registered version only). Now files with file ID of 2 are checked (I didn't
know they could exist!). Report an error on files with sector offset too big
(need to be eliminated). Fixed bug that sometimes caused two directories to
be relinked with the same name. Added possibility to relink files in the root
directory specifying '$' as relink directory using the -d option (although
this is not really recommended!). No more try to report RISCiX partitions if
the disc is just badly formatted... Using both -s and -v now gives sensible
results! fsck now says to use 'hardfix' if the root directory is broken, not
'eliminate'!
Credits
-------
I'd like to thank the following people who contibuted in some way to the
development of fsck (in alphabetical order):
- Keith Bailey who discovered that the first 3 versions of fsck were
completely useless on his SCSI!! The 4th version finally fixed his
map problems (twice!). Thanks for the comment about the clock too! :-)
- Nick Craig-Wood for the usercode functions and for some piece of text (or
just some stylistic adjustment) used in the documents (eg the new
"Conditions of use" in the '!SHAREWARE' file).
- Martin J. Ebourne for his (initially negative but now generally positive)
comments and support.
- Cristian Ghezzi who let me play with his RISCiX partitioned SCSI for a
whole day to discover some stupid fsck bug. He also let me intentionally
corrupt his ST506 disc to test the new directory recognition feature...
- Adam Goodfellow and Atle Mjelde Baardholt for the beta-testing.
- Mike Henry who has been the first who sent me some pounds to register
(actually he sent me 10 pounds instead of the 5 I ask!).
- Brian Howlett for correcting a bit my English grammar!
- Simon Middleton who pushed me to finish the new version (1.20) so that he
could include it in his PD/ShareWare CD-ROM.
- Dag Haakon Myrdal for his suggestions and accurate bug report.
- Simon Proven for the informations about 'big' discs.
- Hans Ole Rafaelsen who tried fsck on 1.6Mb floppies.
- George Saliaris... he knows for what! :-)
- Kai Schlichting who said that fsck was one of the most useful 'Unix ports'
for RISC OS, a program that the Acorn world really needed. Kai has been
the first who sent me 'something' to register!
- Andreas Schubert (Platon) who tried fsck on his Risc PC.
- Jason Williams (and all the other collaborators) for DeskLib: the new
versions of fsck use some small part of DeskLib and the new sources
structure is really similar to DeskLib's one.
- Julian Wright for his beta-testing, suggestions, PRM docs, bugs-report and
interest.
Conditions of use
-----------------
fsck can only be distributed with the complete fsck suite.
Read the !SHAREWARE file for the conditions of use and distribution of the
whole package.
Contacting the Author
---------------------
Post: Sergio Monesi
Via Trento e Trieste 30
20046 Biassono (MI)
Italy
EMail: pel0015@cdc8g5.cdc.polimi.it
sergio@freebsd.first.gmd.de
WWW: http://cdc8g5.cdc.polimi.it/~pel0015/
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00000070 73 63 6b 20 69 73 20 61 20 64 69 73 63 20 75 74 |sck is a disc ut|
00000080 69 6c 69 74 79 20 74 68 61 74 20 66 69 78 65 73 |ility that fixes|
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00000190 72 69 70 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 6d |ription of the m|
000001a0 61 70 20 61 6e 64 20 64 69 72 65 63 74 6f 72 69 |ap and directori|
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000001c0 0a 66 73 63 6b 20 63 61 6e 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 62 |.fsck can also b|
000001d0 65 20 63 6f 6e 73 69 64 65 72 65 64 20 61 73 20 |e considered as |
000001e0 61 20 72 65 70 6c 61 63 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 6f 66 |a replacement of|
000001f0 20 74 68 65 20 2a 43 68 65 63 6b 4d 61 70 20 63 | the *CheckMap c|
00000200 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 20 62 65 63 61 75 73 65 0a 69 |ommand because.i|
00000210 74 20 69 73 20 66 61 73 74 65 72 2c 20 6c 65 73 |t is faster, les|
00000220 73 20 70 72 6f 6e 65 20 74 6f 20 63 72 61 73 68 |s prone to crash|
00000230 20 61 6e 64 20 63 61 6e 20 67 69 76 65 20 75 73 | and can give us|
00000240 65 66 75 6c 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e |eful information|
00000250 73 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 0a 66 69 6c 65 73 20 61 |s on the.files a|
00000260 6c 6c 6f 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 2e 0a 0a 0a 49 6e 64 |llocation....Ind|
00000270 65 78 0a 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0a 0a 2d 20 55 73 61 67 |ex.-----..- Usag|
00000280 65 0a 2d 20 57 68 61 74 20 69 74 20 64 6f 65 73 |e.- What it does|
00000290 0a 2d 20 54 68 65 20 6c 6f 67 66 69 6c 65 0a 2d |.- The logfile.-|
000002a0 20 66 73 63 6b 20 61 6e 64 20 52 69 73 63 20 50 | fsck and Risc P|
000002b0 43 0a 2d 20 66 73 63 6b 20 61 6e 64 20 27 62 69 |C.- fsck and 'bi|
000002c0 67 27 20 64 69 73 63 73 0a 2d 20 52 65 74 75 72 |g' discs.- Retur|
000002d0 6e 20 76 61 6c 75 65 73 0a 2d 20 4e 6f 74 65 73 |n values.- Notes|
000002e0 0a 2d 20 45 78 74 72 61 20 66 65 61 74 75 72 65 |.- Extra feature|
000002f0 73 0a 2d 20 44 69 73 63 6c 61 69 6d 65 72 0a 2d |s.- Disclaimer.-|
00000300 20 4c 69 6d 69 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 0a 2d 20 42 | Limitations.- B|
00000310 75 67 73 0a 2d 20 52 65 73 75 6c 74 73 20 61 63 |ugs.- Results ac|
00000320 68 69 65 76 65 64 20 75 70 20 74 6f 20 6e 6f 77 |hieved up to now|
00000330 0a 2d 20 48 69 73 74 6f 72 79 0a 2d 20 43 72 65 |.- History.- Cre|
00000340 64 69 74 73 0a 2d 20 43 6f 6e 64 69 74 69 6f 6e |dits.- Condition|
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00003a30 48 65 64 64 65 72 6c 79 0a 5b 2e 2e 2e 5d 0a 0a |Hedderly.[...]..|
00003a40 4e 65 67 61 74 69 76 65 20 72 65 73 75 6c 74 73 |Negative results|
00003a50 3a 0a 20 4e 6f 20 6e 65 67 61 74 69 76 65 20 72 |:. No negative r|
00003a60 65 73 75 6c 74 73 20 74 69 6c 6c 20 6e 6f 77 2e |esults till now.|
00003a70 0a 0a 0a 48 69 73 74 6f 72 79 0a 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |...History.-----|
00003a80 2d 2d 0a 0a 31 2e 30 30 20 20 2d 2d 20 30 37 20 |--..1.00 -- 07 |
00003a90 41 70 72 20 39 34 0a 46 69 72 73 74 20 66 75 6c |Apr 94.First ful|
00003aa0 6c 79 20 77 6f 72 6b 69 6e 67 20 76 65 72 73 69 |ly working versi|
00003ab0 6f 6e 2e 20 52 65 6c 65 61 73 65 64 20 6f 6e 6c |on. Released onl|
00003ac0 79 20 76 69 61 20 65 2d 6d 61 69 6c 2e 0a 0a 31 |y via e-mail...1|
00003ad0 2e 30 31 20 20 2d 2d 20 31 33 20 41 70 72 20 39 |.01 -- 13 Apr 9|
00003ae0 34 0a 46 69 78 65 64 20 61 20 62 75 67 20 63 6f |4.Fixed a bug co|
00003af0 6e 63 65 72 6e 69 6e 67 20 66 69 6c 69 6e 67 20 |ncerning filing |
00003b00 73 79 73 74 65 6d 20 6e 61 6d 65 73 2e 20 41 64 |system names. Ad|
00003b10 64 65 64 20 2d 44 20 6f 70 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 4e |ded -D option. N|
00003b20 6f 77 20 66 73 63 6b 0a 67 65 6e 65 72 61 6c 6c |ow fsck.generall|
00003b30 79 20 6e 65 65 64 73 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 6f 6e 65 |y needs only one|
00003b40 20 72 75 6e 20 74 6f 20 66 69 78 20 61 20 68 65 | run to fix a he|
00003b50 61 76 69 6c 79 20 63 6f 72 72 75 70 74 65 64 20 |avily corrupted |
00003b60 64 69 73 63 2e 20 41 64 64 65 64 20 65 6c 69 6d |disc. Added elim|
00003b70 69 6e 61 74 65 0a 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 2e 0a 0a |inate.program...|
00003b80 31 2e 30 32 20 20 2d 2d 20 32 30 20 41 70 72 20 |1.02 -- 20 Apr |
00003b90 39 34 0a 43 68 61 6e 67 65 64 20 61 67 61 69 6e |94.Changed again|
00003ba0 20 74 68 65 20 6d 65 74 68 6f 64 20 74 6f 20 63 | the method to c|
00003bb0 68 65 63 6b 20 66 69 6c 69 6e 67 20 73 79 73 74 |heck filing syst|
00003bc0 65 6d 20 6e 61 6d 65 73 20 28 54 68 61 6e 6b 73 |em names (Thanks|
00003bd0 20 74 6f 20 4b 65 69 74 68 0a 42 61 69 6c 65 79 | to Keith.Bailey|
00003be0 29 2e 20 41 64 64 65 64 20 70 65 72 63 65 6e 74 |). Added percent|
00003bf0 61 67 65 73 20 69 6e 20 73 74 61 74 69 73 74 69 |ages in statisti|
00003c00 63 73 2e 20 43 68 65 63 6b 73 20 62 6f 6f 74 20 |cs. Checks boot |
00003c10 62 6c 6f 63 6b 20 63 68 65 63 6b 73 75 6d 20 61 |block checksum a|
00003c20 6e 64 0a 73 68 6f 77 73 20 64 65 66 65 63 74 20 |nd.shows defect |
00003c30 6c 69 73 74 2e 0a 0a 31 2e 30 33 20 20 2d 2d 20 |list...1.03 -- |
00003c40 32 36 20 41 70 72 20 39 34 0a 4e 6f 77 20 69 74 |26 Apr 94.Now it|
00003c50 20 69 73 20 70 6f 73 73 69 62 6c 65 20 74 6f 20 | is possible to |
00003c60 73 63 61 6e 20 61 20 73 69 6e 67 6c 65 20 64 69 |scan a single di|
00003c70 72 65 63 74 6f 72 79 20 69 6e 73 74 65 61 64 20 |rectory instead |
00003c80 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 77 68 6f 6c 65 20 64 69 73 |of the whole dis|
00003c90 63 2e 20 59 6f 75 0a 63 61 6e 20 73 70 65 63 69 |c. You.can speci|
00003ca0 66 79 20 27 72 65 6c 61 74 69 76 65 27 20 70 61 |fy 'relative' pa|
00003cb0 74 68 6e 61 6d 65 73 20 28 65 67 2e 20 40 2e 45 |thnames (eg. @.E|
00003cc0 78 61 6d 70 6c 65 73 29 20 69 6e 73 74 65 61 64 |xamples) instead|
00003cd0 20 6f 66 20 66 75 6c 6c 20 70 61 74 68 73 0a 28 | of full paths.(|
00003ce0 54 68 61 6e 6b 73 20 74 6f 20 4a 75 6c 69 61 6e |Thanks to Julian|
00003cf0 20 57 72 69 67 68 74 29 2e 20 41 74 20 74 68 65 | Wright). At the|
00003d00 20 65 6e 64 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 73 63 61 6e | end of the scan|
00003d10 20 66 73 63 6b 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 74 65 6c 6c 20 | fsck will tell |
00003d20 79 6f 75 20 77 68 69 63 68 0a 66 69 6c 65 73 20 |you which.files |
00003d30 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 62 65 20 65 76 65 6e 74 75 |should be eventu|
00003d40 61 6c 6c 79 20 64 65 6c 65 74 65 64 2e 20 41 64 |ally deleted. Ad|
00003d50 64 65 64 20 73 74 61 74 69 73 74 69 63 73 20 61 |ded statistics a|
00003d60 62 6f 75 74 20 66 72 61 67 6d 65 6e 74 65 64 20 |bout fragmented |
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00003d80 6c 6f 63 6b 73 20 73 69 7a 65 73 2e 20 43 68 61 |locks sizes. Cha|
00003d90 6e 67 65 64 20 74 68 65 20 27 46 27 73 20 61 6e |nged the 'F's an|
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00003dc0 41 64 64 65 64 20 2d 71 20 61 6e 64 20 2d 6c 20 |Added -q and -l |
00003dd0 6f 70 74 69 6f 6e 73 2e 0a 0a 31 2e 30 34 20 20 |options...1.04 |
00003de0 2d 2d 20 3f 3f 20 4d 61 79 20 39 34 0a 43 75 72 |-- ?? May 94.Cur|
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00003e00 20 74 68 61 74 20 68 61 73 20 61 6c 77 61 79 73 | that has always|
00003e10 20 62 65 65 6e 20 70 72 65 73 65 6e 74 20 62 75 | been present bu|
00003e20 74 20 6e 65 76 65 72 20 63 61 75 73 65 64 20 70 |t never caused p|
00003e30 72 6f 62 6c 65 6d 73 0a 28 75 6e 74 69 6c 20 31 |roblems.(until 1|
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00003e50 65 46 53 46 69 78 20 63 68 65 63 6b 20 61 6e 64 |eFSFix check and|
00003e60 20 2d 49 20 6f 70 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 4e 6f 77 20 | -I option. Now |
00003e70 66 73 63 6b 20 75 6e 64 65 72 73 74 61 6e 64 73 |fsck understands|
00003e80 0a 52 49 53 43 69 58 20 70 61 72 74 69 74 69 6f |.RISCiX partitio|
00003e90 6e 73 2e 0a 0a 31 2e 31 30 20 20 2d 2d 20 31 31 |ns...1.10 -- 11|
00003ea0 20 4d 61 79 20 39 34 0a 52 49 53 43 69 58 20 70 | May 94.RISCiX p|
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00003ec0 77 20 66 75 6c 6c 79 20 73 75 70 70 6f 72 74 65 |w fully supporte|
00003ed0 64 20 28 69 65 2e 20 6d 61 70 70 65 64 20 6f 75 |d (ie. mapped ou|
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00003f10 31 20 20 2d 2d 20 3f 3f 20 4a 75 6e 20 39 34 0a |1 -- ?? Jun 94.|
00003f20 41 64 64 65 64 20 2d 61 20 6f 70 74 69 6f 6e 2e |Added -a option.|
00003f30 20 54 68 65 20 6c 6f 67 66 69 6c 65 20 69 73 20 | The logfile is |
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00003f50 65 6e 64 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 66 69 6c 65 20 |end of the file |
00003f60 69 66 20 69 74 20 61 6c 72 65 61 64 79 0a 65 78 |if it already.ex|
00003f70 69 73 74 73 20 61 6e 64 20 6e 6f 77 20 69 74 20 |ists and now it |
00003f80 63 6f 6e 74 61 69 6e 73 20 74 68 65 20 63 72 65 |contains the cre|
00003f90 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 64 61 74 65 2e 20 47 72 65 61 |ation date. Grea|
00003fa0 74 20 73 70 65 65 64 20 69 6e 63 72 65 61 73 65 |t speed increase|
00003fb0 20 28 75 70 20 74 6f 20 32 0a 74 69 6d 65 73 20 | (up to 2.times |
00003fc0 66 61 73 74 65 72 20 77 69 74 68 6f 75 74 20 2d |faster without -|
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00003fe0 73 74 65 72 20 77 69 74 68 20 2d 73 21 21 21 29 |ster with -s!!!)|
00003ff0 2e 20 4e 6f 77 20 66 73 63 6b 20 69 73 20 6a 75 |. Now fsck is ju|
00004000 73 74 20 32 35 25 0a 73 6c 6f 77 65 72 20 74 68 |st 25%.slower th|
00004010 61 6e 20 2a 43 68 65 63 6b 4d 61 70 20 28 6f 72 |an *CheckMap (or|
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00004030 77 69 74 68 20 2d 73 29 21 20 41 64 64 65 64 20 |with -s)! Added |
00004040 74 68 65 20 6e 6f 74 65 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 22 |the note about "|
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00004070 65 65 20 74 68 65 20 73 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 4e |ee the section N|
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000040c0 20 66 73 63 6b 20 69 73 6e 27 74 20 79 65 74 20 | fsck isn't yet |
000040d0 61 73 20 66 61 73 74 20 61 73 20 2a 43 68 65 63 |as fast as *Chec|
000040e0 6b 4d 61 70 20 62 75 74 0a 49 27 6d 20 77 6f 72 |kMap but.I'm wor|
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00004100 69 78 65 64 20 61 20 70 6f 73 73 69 62 6c 65 20 |ixed a possible |
00004110 64 61 6e 67 65 72 6f 75 73 20 62 65 68 61 76 69 |dangerous behavi|
00004120 6f 75 72 20 6f 66 20 2d 61 20 6f 70 74 69 6f 6e |our of -a option|
00004130 2e 0a 41 64 64 65 64 20 61 20 77 61 72 6e 69 6e |..Added a warnin|
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00004150 6f 63 6b 73 20 6d 61 72 6b 65 64 20 61 73 20 64 |ocks marked as d|
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000041a0 0a 0a 31 2e 31 33 20 20 2d 2d 20 32 36 20 4a 75 |..1.13 -- 26 Ju|
000041b0 6e 20 39 34 0a 46 61 73 74 65 72 20 61 67 61 69 |n 94.Faster agai|
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000041e0 77 20 73 74 61 74 69 73 74 69 63 73 20 61 72 65 |w statistics are|
000041f0 20 6a 75 73 74 20 61 20 62 69 74 20 73 6c 6f 77 | just a bit slow|
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00004220 72 65 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 6c 6f 73 74 64 |reation of lostd|
00004230 69 72 2e 20 4d 6f 72 65 20 6d 65 73 73 61 67 65 |ir. More message|
00004240 73 20 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 65 6e 64 20 6f 66 0a |s at the end of.|
00004250 74 68 65 20 70 72 6f 63 65 73 73 20 74 68 61 74 |the process that|
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00004270 65 72 73 74 61 6e 64 20 77 68 61 74 20 68 61 70 |erstand what hap|
00004280 70 65 6e 65 64 20 28 69 65 2e 20 74 68 65 20 64 |pened (ie. the d|
00004290 69 73 63 20 69 73 20 66 69 78 65 64 2c 0a 66 69 |isc is fixed,.fi|
000042a0 78 61 62 6c 65 2c 20 75 6e 66 69 78 61 62 6c 65 |xable, unfixable|
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000042c0 20 68 65 6c 70 66 75 6c 20 65 72 72 6f 72 20 6d | helpful error m|
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000052c0 6c 69 61 72 69 73 2e 2e 2e 20 68 65 20 6b 6e 6f |liaris... he kno|
000052d0 77 73 20 66 6f 72 20 77 68 61 74 21 20 3a 2d 29 |ws for what! :-)|
000052e0 0a 2d 20 4b 61 69 20 53 63 68 6c 69 63 68 74 69 |.- Kai Schlichti|
000052f0 6e 67 20 77 68 6f 20 73 61 69 64 20 74 68 61 74 |ng who said that|
00005300 20 66 73 63 6b 20 77 61 73 20 6f 6e 65 20 6f 66 | fsck was one of|
00005310 20 74 68 65 20 6d 6f 73 74 20 75 73 65 66 75 6c | the most useful|
00005320 20 27 55 6e 69 78 20 70 6f 72 74 73 27 0a 20 20 | 'Unix ports'. |
00005330 66 6f 72 20 52 49 53 43 20 4f 53 2c 20 61 20 70 |for RISC OS, a p|
00005340 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 |rogram that the |
00005350 41 63 6f 72 6e 20 77 6f 72 6c 64 20 72 65 61 6c |Acorn world real|
00005360 6c 79 20 6e 65 65 64 65 64 2e 20 4b 61 69 20 68 |ly needed. Kai h|
00005370 61 73 20 62 65 65 6e 0a 20 20 74 68 65 20 66 69 |as been. the fi|
00005380 72 73 74 20 77 68 6f 20 73 65 6e 74 20 6d 65 20 |rst who sent me |
00005390 27 73 6f 6d 65 74 68 69 6e 67 27 20 74 6f 20 72 |'something' to r|
000053a0 65 67 69 73 74 65 72 21 0a 2d 20 41 6e 64 72 65 |egister!.- Andre|
000053b0 61 73 20 53 63 68 75 62 65 72 74 20 28 50 6c 61 |as Schubert (Pla|
000053c0 74 6f 6e 29 20 77 68 6f 20 74 72 69 65 64 20 66 |ton) who tried f|
000053d0 73 63 6b 20 6f 6e 20 68 69 73 20 52 69 73 63 20 |sck on his Risc |
000053e0 50 43 2e 0a 2d 20 4a 61 73 6f 6e 20 57 69 6c 6c |PC..- Jason Will|
000053f0 69 61 6d 73 20 28 61 6e 64 20 61 6c 6c 20 74 68 |iams (and all th|
00005400 65 20 6f 74 68 65 72 20 63 6f 6c 6c 61 62 6f 72 |e other collabor|
00005410 61 74 6f 72 73 29 20 66 6f 72 20 44 65 73 6b 4c |ators) for DeskL|
00005420 69 62 3a 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 77 0a 20 20 76 65 |ib: the new. ve|
00005430 72 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f 66 20 66 73 63 6b 20 75 |rsions of fsck u|
00005440 73 65 20 73 6f 6d 65 20 73 6d 61 6c 6c 20 70 61 |se some small pa|
00005450 72 74 20 6f 66 20 44 65 73 6b 4c 69 62 20 61 6e |rt of DeskLib an|
00005460 64 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 77 20 73 6f 75 72 63 65 |d the new source|
00005470 73 0a 20 20 73 74 72 75 63 74 75 72 65 20 69 73 |s. structure is|
00005480 20 72 65 61 6c 6c 79 20 73 69 6d 69 6c 61 72 20 | really similar |
00005490 74 6f 20 44 65 73 6b 4c 69 62 27 73 20 6f 6e 65 |to DeskLib's one|
000054a0 2e 0a 2d 20 4a 75 6c 69 61 6e 20 57 72 69 67 68 |..- Julian Wrigh|
000054b0 74 20 66 6f 72 20 68 69 73 20 62 65 74 61 2d 74 |t for his beta-t|
000054c0 65 73 74 69 6e 67 2c 20 73 75 67 67 65 73 74 69 |esting, suggesti|
000054d0 6f 6e 73 2c 20 50 52 4d 20 64 6f 63 73 2c 20 62 |ons, PRM docs, b|
000054e0 75 67 73 2d 72 65 70 6f 72 74 20 61 6e 64 0a 20 |ugs-report and. |
000054f0 20 69 6e 74 65 72 65 73 74 2e 0a 0a 0a 43 6f 6e | interest....Con|
00005500 64 69 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f 66 20 75 73 65 0a 2d |ditions of use.-|
00005510 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |----------------|
00005520 0a 0a 66 73 63 6b 20 63 61 6e 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 |..fsck can only |
00005530 62 65 20 64 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 65 64 20 77 |be distributed w|
00005540 69 74 68 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 6c 65 74 65 |ith the complete|
00005550 20 66 73 63 6b 20 73 75 69 74 65 2e 0a 52 65 61 | fsck suite..Rea|
00005560 64 20 74 68 65 20 21 53 48 41 52 45 57 41 52 45 |d the !SHAREWARE|
00005570 20 66 69 6c 65 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f | file for the co|
00005580 6e 64 69 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f 66 20 75 73 65 20 |nditions of use |
00005590 61 6e 64 20 64 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 69 6f 6e |and distribution|
000055a0 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 0a 77 68 6f 6c 65 20 70 61 | of the.whole pa|
000055b0 63 6b 61 67 65 2e 0a 0a 0a 43 6f 6e 74 61 63 74 |ckage....Contact|
000055c0 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 41 75 74 68 6f 72 0a 2d |ing the Author.-|
000055d0 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |----------------|
000055e0 2d 2d 2d 2d 0a 0a 50 6f 73 74 3a 20 20 53 65 72 |----..Post: Ser|
000055f0 67 69 6f 20 4d 6f 6e 65 73 69 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |gio Monesi. |
00005600 20 20 56 69 61 20 54 72 65 6e 74 6f 20 65 20 54 | Via Trento e T|
00005610 72 69 65 73 74 65 20 33 30 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |rieste 30. |
00005620 20 32 30 30 34 36 20 42 69 61 73 73 6f 6e 6f 20 | 20046 Biassono |
00005630 28 4d 49 29 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 49 74 61 6c |(MI). Ital|
00005640 79 0a 0a 45 4d 61 69 6c 3a 20 70 65 6c 30 30 31 |y..EMail: pel001|
00005650 35 40 63 64 63 38 67 35 2e 63 64 63 2e 70 6f 6c |5@cdc8g5.cdc.pol|
00005660 69 6d 69 2e 69 74 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 73 65 |imi.it. se|
00005670 72 67 69 6f 40 66 72 65 65 62 73 64 2e 66 69 72 |rgio@freebsd.fir|
00005680 73 74 2e 67 6d 64 2e 64 65 0a 0a 57 57 57 3a 20 |st.gmd.de..WWW: |
00005690 20 20 68 74 74 70 3a 2f 2f 63 64 63 38 67 35 2e | http://cdc8g5.|
000056a0 63 64 63 2e 70 6f 6c 69 6d 69 2e 69 74 2f 7e 70 |cdc.polimi.it/~p|
000056b0 65 6c 30 30 31 35 2f 0a |el0015/.|
000056b8 
.