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P/+mtext3
This website contains an archive of files for the Acorn Electron, BBC Micro, Acorn Archimedes, Commodore 16 and Commodore 64 computers, which Dominic Ford has rescued from his private collection of floppy disks and cassettes.
Some of these files were originally commercial releases in the 1980s and 1990s, but they are now widely available online. I assume that copyright over them is no longer being asserted. If you own the copyright and would like files to be removed, please contact me.
Tape/disk: | Home » Personal collection » Acorn ADFS disks » Electron_User_Group » EUG_34.ADF |
Filename: | P/+mtext3 |
Read OK: | ✔ |
File size: | 1702 bytes |
Load address: | 2B206576 |
Exec address: | 7865746D |
File contents
So as you press each successive key the proper note is printed in the proper vertical position on the staff. h% is calculated with the line: IF h%<38h%=h%+2:ELSE IF h%=38h%=0:h%=h%+2 h% starts as being equal to 2, with each note printed 2 is added and since h% governs the horizontal position of where the next note is printed this means that each note will be 2 spaces apart. Until the end of the line is reached. Then, h% will once again be reduced to 2 and the sequence will start again, except ofcourse that printing will be on the next staff down but moving down is done by the v% variables. As each note is composed its pitch value is placed into an array, d%. I should say something about arrays. An array can be thought of as a row of boxes. It is defined with the command DIM eg. DIM A(5). Here a whole row is called A. There are 6 boxes in the array, 0, 1, 2... to 5. The first is called A(0), the second A(1) and so on. The program below explains how an array works. 10 X=0:Y=0 20 DIM A(5) 30 REPEAT 40 INPUT B 50 A(X)= B 60 X=X+1 70 UNTIL X=6 80 REPEAT 90 PRINTA(Y),Y 100 Y=Y+1 110 UNTIL Y=6 Line 10 declares 2 variables which are going to be used later. The computer needs to be told that variables are going to be used and what value they will, initially at least, have. In this case both are set to 0 the reason will become clear. Line 20 sets up an array, ie DIMentions an array. This can be thought of as a sequence of boxes each of which is named. The first will be called A(0), the next A(1) and so on until A(5). Because the first is A(0), DIM A(5) will setup an array of 6. Line 30 is the start of a REPEAT UNTIL loop, the instructions within the loop will be executed by the computer continuously untill the condition set after UNTIL is met, in this case until X=6. Line 40 waits for information to be typed in and RETURN is pressed. INPUT is used so that several key presses can be made for each entry. Numbers need to be entered. If RETURN is pressed without an entry being made or after letters have been pressed the value will be 0. The entry value is put temporarily into a variable called B Line 50 says that A(X)=B. In other words on the first loop the array box called A(0) will have the values in the variable B placed into it. Line 60 adds 1 to the value of X so that during the next loop X will = 1. Line 70 checks if X=6, if it doesn't then the loop cycle is repeated. The value of X is increased by 1 each time the loop passes line 60 so that the whole loop will cycle 6 times. When X=6 the loop won't cycle. The second loop will ofcourse start at the REPEAT statement at line 30. During the second loop the value of X will be 1 so that the keypresses which are called for by the INPUT command will be put into array box A(1). After the first loop has cycled 5 times it will end and the computer will go to the next line to see what the next instruction is. Bit like me after I've finished washing the dishes. Line 80 is the start of another REPEAT UNTIL loop. Line 90 says PRINT the contents of array box A(Y) and also beside it print Y. The purpose of the comma is to separate the two figures by a few spaces. Y was ofcourse set at 0 in line 10 at the same time as X used in the last loop. So this line will print the contents of array box A(0) and the number 0. Line 100 add 1 to Y so that the next time round the loop the next array box will have it's contents printed. Line 110 test for Y = 6, if it does the loop will end. The array d% has 58 boxes. For each note that is pressed, the value c% is used as the pitch level for the SOUND command and c% is also placed into on the the d% array boxes. This is done with the command d%(e%)=c% e% was initially set at 0 but is increased by 1 with each loop, ie each time a key is pressed. There is another array, t%. This array also has 58 boxes and is used to contain the duration value for the SOUND command. In the first part of the program this has been set to 6 by the command t%(e%)=6. Again e% is used to count through the boxes of this array. One further feature in the compose part of this program is a means to change the octaves up and down. Each octave is separated by 48 so C is octave 2 = 52 while c in octave 3 = 100, octave 4 = 148 and so on. Yet another variable was created, w%. As I said previously the pitch value for the SOUND command is set with c%. The value of w% is changed using the < and > keys with the lines, IF a%=27 w%=w%-1 and IF a%=28 w%=w%+1. There is another line just before the SOUND command which says c%=c%+(48*w%). So if w%=1, c%= the given value for c% + (48 times w%) or to put it another way, 48 X 1 = 48+ c% means that the octave played will be raised by one. w% can infact be equal to 0 so that octave 1 can be played and w% can also be equal to 4 so that the highest octave can be played. Now for the playback. Remember that e% represents the number of notes played and is used to count through the arrays d% for the pitch values and t% the duration values. The call PROCplayback(e%) takes the current value of e% to the procedure. A variable, another one, f% is set to 0. A REPEAT UNTIL loop begins bu adding one to f% with f%=f%+1. Then the command SOUND1,-15,d%(f%),t%(f%) plays the tune. On the first loop f%=1 so the pitch played will be stored in the box d%(1) which happens to be the forst note composed. The duration will ofcourse be 6 since every value for duration was set to 6. So much for playback. Now to set the length of each note. This is done with PROC edit(e%). Again e% takes the number of notes composed to the procedure. The screen is cleared. If no notes have been played e% will = 0 and the program will go back to compose. f% is set to 0. x and y which are part of a TAB statement are set to 0 and 2 respectivly. A REPEAT loop is started. 1 is added to f% and y and u% is made = to 0
00000000 0d 53 6f 20 61 73 20 79 6f 75 20 70 72 65 73 73 |.So as you press| 00000010 20 65 61 63 68 20 73 75 63 63 65 73 73 69 76 65 | each successive| 00000020 20 6b 65 79 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 6f 70 65 72 20 | key the proper | 00000030 6e 6f 74 65 20 69 73 20 70 72 69 6e 74 65 64 20 |note is printed | 00000040 69 6e 20 74 68 65 0d 70 72 6f 70 65 72 20 76 65 |in the.proper ve| 00000050 72 74 69 63 61 6c 20 70 6f 73 69 74 69 6f 6e 20 |rtical position | 00000060 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 73 74 61 66 66 2e 0d 0d 68 |on the staff...h| 00000070 25 20 69 73 20 63 61 6c 63 75 6c 61 74 65 64 20 |% is calculated | 00000080 77 69 74 68 20 74 68 65 20 6c 69 6e 65 3a 0d 0d |with the line:..| 00000090 49 46 20 68 25 3c 33 38 68 25 3d 68 25 2b 32 3a |IF h%<38h%=h%+2:| 000000a0 45 4c 53 45 20 49 46 20 68 25 3d 33 38 68 25 3d |ELSE IF h%=38h%=| 000000b0 30 3a 68 25 3d 68 25 2b 32 0d 0d 68 25 20 73 74 |0:h%=h%+2..h% st| 000000c0 61 72 74 73 20 61 73 20 62 65 69 6e 67 20 65 71 |arts as being eq| 000000d0 75 61 6c 20 74 6f 20 32 2c 20 77 69 74 68 20 65 |ual to 2, with e| 000000e0 61 63 68 20 6e 6f 74 65 20 70 72 69 6e 74 65 64 |ach note printed| 000000f0 20 32 20 69 73 20 61 64 64 65 64 20 61 6e 64 20 | 2 is added and | 00000100 73 69 6e 63 65 0d 68 25 20 67 6f 76 65 72 6e 73 |since.h% governs| 00000110 20 74 68 65 20 68 6f 72 69 7a 6f 6e 74 61 6c 20 | the horizontal | 00000120 70 6f 73 69 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 77 68 65 72 |position of wher| 00000130 65 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 78 74 20 6e 6f 74 65 20 |e the next note | 00000140 69 73 20 70 72 69 6e 74 65 64 20 74 68 69 73 0d |is printed this.| 00000150 6d 65 61 6e 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 65 61 63 68 20 |means that each | 00000160 6e 6f 74 65 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 20 32 20 73 |note will be 2 s| 00000170 70 61 63 65 73 20 61 70 61 72 74 2e 20 55 6e 74 |paces apart. Unt| 00000180 69 6c 20 74 68 65 20 65 6e 64 20 6f 66 20 74 68 |il the end of th| 00000190 65 20 6c 69 6e 65 20 69 73 0d 72 65 61 63 68 65 |e line is.reache| 000001a0 64 2e 20 54 68 65 6e 2c 20 68 25 20 77 69 6c 6c |d. Then, h% will| 000001b0 20 6f 6e 63 65 20 61 67 61 69 6e 20 62 65 20 72 | once again be r| 000001c0 65 64 75 63 65 64 20 74 6f 20 32 20 61 6e 64 20 |educed to 2 and | 000001d0 74 68 65 20 73 65 71 75 65 6e 63 65 20 77 69 6c |the sequence wil| 000001e0 6c 0d 73 74 61 72 74 20 61 67 61 69 6e 2c 20 65 |l.start again, e| 000001f0 78 63 65 70 74 20 6f 66 63 6f 75 72 73 65 20 74 |xcept ofcourse t| 00000200 68 61 74 20 70 72 69 6e 74 69 6e 67 20 77 69 6c |hat printing wil| 00000210 6c 20 62 65 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 78 74 |l be on the next| 00000220 20 73 74 61 66 66 20 64 6f 77 6e 0d 62 75 74 20 | staff down.but | 00000230 6d 6f 76 69 6e 67 20 64 6f 77 6e 20 69 73 20 64 |moving down is d| 00000240 6f 6e 65 20 62 79 20 74 68 65 20 76 25 20 76 61 |one by the v% va| 00000250 72 69 61 62 6c 65 73 2e 0d 0d 41 73 20 65 61 63 |riables...As eac| 00000260 68 20 6e 6f 74 65 20 69 73 20 63 6f 6d 70 6f 73 |h note is compos| 00000270 65 64 20 69 74 73 20 70 69 74 63 68 20 76 61 6c |ed its pitch val| 00000280 75 65 20 69 73 20 70 6c 61 63 65 64 20 69 6e 74 |ue is placed int| 00000290 6f 20 61 6e 20 61 72 72 61 79 2c 20 64 25 2e 0d |o an array, d%..| 000002a0 0d 49 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 73 61 79 20 73 6f |.I should say so| 000002b0 6d 65 74 68 69 6e 67 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 61 72 |mething about ar| 000002c0 72 61 79 73 2e 0d 0d 41 6e 20 61 72 72 61 79 20 |rays...An array | 000002d0 63 61 6e 20 62 65 20 74 68 6f 75 67 68 74 20 6f |can be thought o| 000002e0 66 20 61 73 20 61 20 72 6f 77 20 6f 66 20 62 6f |f as a row of bo| 000002f0 78 65 73 2e 20 49 74 20 69 73 20 64 65 66 69 6e |xes. It is defin| 00000300 65 64 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 68 65 0d 63 6f 6d 6d |ed with the.comm| 00000310 61 6e 64 20 44 49 4d 20 65 67 2e 20 44 49 4d 20 |and DIM eg. DIM | 00000320 41 28 35 29 2e 20 48 65 72 65 20 61 20 77 68 6f |A(5). Here a who| 00000330 6c 65 20 72 6f 77 20 69 73 20 63 61 6c 6c 65 64 |le row is called| 00000340 20 41 2e 20 54 68 65 72 65 20 61 72 65 20 36 20 | A. There are 6 | 00000350 62 6f 78 65 73 0d 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 61 72 72 |boxes.in the arr| 00000360 61 79 2c 20 30 2c 20 31 2c 20 32 2e 2e 2e 20 74 |ay, 0, 1, 2... t| 00000370 6f 20 35 2e 20 54 68 65 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 69 |o 5. The first i| 00000380 73 20 63 61 6c 6c 65 64 20 41 28 30 29 2c 20 74 |s called A(0), t| 00000390 68 65 20 73 65 63 6f 6e 64 20 41 28 31 29 0d 61 |he second A(1).a| 000003a0 6e 64 20 73 6f 20 6f 6e 2e 20 0d 0d 54 68 65 20 |nd so on. ..The | 000003b0 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 62 65 6c 6f 77 20 65 78 |program below ex| 000003c0 70 6c 61 69 6e 73 20 68 6f 77 20 61 6e 20 61 72 |plains how an ar| 000003d0 72 61 79 20 77 6f 72 6b 73 2e 0d 0d 31 30 20 58 |ray works...10 X| 000003e0 3d 30 3a 59 3d 30 20 0b 0d 32 30 20 44 49 4d 20 |=0:Y=0 ..20 DIM | 000003f0 41 28 35 29 20 0d 33 30 20 52 45 50 45 41 54 20 |A(5) .30 REPEAT | 00000400 0d 34 30 20 49 4e 50 55 54 20 42 0d 35 30 20 41 |.40 INPUT B.50 A| 00000410 28 58 29 3d 20 42 20 0d 36 30 20 58 3d 58 2b 31 |(X)= B .60 X=X+1| 00000420 20 20 20 0d 37 30 20 55 4e 54 49 4c 20 58 3d 36 | .70 UNTIL X=6| 00000430 20 0d 38 30 20 52 45 50 45 41 54 0d 39 30 20 50 | .80 REPEAT.90 P| 00000440 52 49 4e 54 41 28 59 29 2c 59 0d 31 30 30 20 59 |RINTA(Y),Y.100 Y| 00000450 3d 59 2b 31 20 0d 31 31 30 20 55 4e 54 49 4c 20 |=Y+1 .110 UNTIL | 00000460 59 3d 36 0d 0d 4c 69 6e 65 20 31 30 20 64 65 63 |Y=6..Line 10 dec| 00000470 6c 61 72 65 73 20 32 20 76 61 72 69 61 62 6c 65 |lares 2 variable| 00000480 73 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 61 72 65 20 67 6f 69 6e |s which are goin| 00000490 67 20 74 6f 20 62 65 20 75 73 65 64 20 6c 61 74 |g to be used lat| 000004a0 65 72 2e 20 54 68 65 0d 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 72 |er. The.computer| 000004b0 20 6e 65 65 64 73 20 74 6f 20 62 65 20 74 6f 6c | needs to be tol| 000004c0 64 20 74 68 61 74 20 76 61 72 69 61 62 6c 65 73 |d that variables| 000004d0 20 61 72 65 20 67 6f 69 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 62 65 | are going to be| 000004e0 20 75 73 65 64 20 61 6e 64 20 77 68 61 74 0d 76 | used and what.v| 000004f0 61 6c 75 65 20 74 68 65 79 20 77 69 6c 6c 2c 20 |alue they will, | 00000500 69 6e 69 74 69 61 6c 6c 79 20 61 74 20 6c 65 61 |initially at lea| 00000510 73 74 2c 20 68 61 76 65 2e 20 49 6e 20 74 68 69 |st, have. In thi| 00000520 73 20 63 61 73 65 20 62 6f 74 68 20 61 72 65 20 |s case both are | 00000530 73 65 74 20 74 6f 20 30 0d 74 68 65 20 72 65 61 |set to 0.the rea| 00000540 73 6f 6e 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 63 6f 6d 65 20 |son will become | 00000550 63 6c 65 61 72 2e 0d 0d 4c 69 6e 65 20 32 30 20 |clear...Line 20 | 00000560 73 65 74 73 20 75 70 20 61 6e 20 61 72 72 61 79 |sets up an array| 00000570 2c 20 69 65 20 44 49 4d 65 6e 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 |, ie DIMentions | 00000580 61 6e 20 61 72 72 61 79 2e 20 54 68 69 73 20 63 |an array. This c| 00000590 61 6e 20 62 65 20 74 68 6f 75 67 68 74 20 6f 66 |an be thought of| 000005a0 0d 61 73 20 61 20 73 65 71 75 65 6e 63 65 20 6f |.as a sequence o| 000005b0 66 20 62 6f 78 65 73 20 65 61 63 68 20 6f 66 20 |f boxes each of | 000005c0 77 68 69 63 68 20 69 73 20 6e 61 6d 65 64 2e 20 |which is named. | 000005d0 54 68 65 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 |The first will b| 000005e0 65 20 63 61 6c 6c 65 64 0d 41 28 30 29 2c 20 74 |e called.A(0), t| 000005f0 68 65 20 6e 65 78 74 20 41 28 31 29 20 61 6e 64 |he next A(1) and| 00000600 20 73 6f 20 6f 6e 20 75 6e 74 69 6c 20 41 28 35 | so on until A(5| 00000610 29 2e 20 42 65 63 61 75 73 65 20 74 68 65 20 66 |). Because the f| 00000620 69 72 73 74 20 69 73 20 41 28 30 29 2c 20 44 49 |irst is A(0), DI| 00000630 4d 0d 41 28 35 29 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 73 65 74 75 |M.A(5) will setu| 00000640 70 20 61 6e 20 61 72 72 61 79 20 6f 66 20 36 2e |p an array of 6.| 00000650 0d 0d 4c 69 6e 65 20 33 30 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 |..Line 30 is the| 00000660 20 73 74 61 72 74 20 6f 66 20 61 20 52 45 50 45 | start of a REPE| 00000670 41 54 20 55 4e 54 49 4c 20 6c 6f 6f 70 2c 20 74 |AT UNTIL loop, t| 00000680 68 65 20 69 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 |he instructions | 00000690 77 69 74 68 69 6e 20 74 68 65 0d 6c 6f 6f 70 20 |within the.loop | 000006a0 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 20 65 78 65 63 75 74 65 64 |will be executed| 000006b0 20 62 79 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 72 | by the computer| 000006c0 20 63 6f 6e 74 69 6e 75 6f 75 73 6c 79 20 75 6e | continuously un| 000006d0 74 69 6c 6c 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6e 64 69 74 69 |till the conditi| 000006e0 6f 6e 0d 73 65 74 20 61 66 74 65 72 20 55 4e 54 |on.set after UNT| 000006f0 49 4c 20 69 73 20 6d 65 74 2c 20 69 6e 20 74 68 |IL is met, in th| 00000700 69 73 20 63 61 73 65 20 75 6e 74 69 6c 20 58 3d |is case until X=| 00000710 36 2e 0d 0d 4c 69 6e 65 20 34 30 20 77 61 69 74 |6...Line 40 wait| 00000720 73 20 66 6f 72 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 6f |s for informatio| 00000730 6e 20 74 6f 20 62 65 20 74 79 70 65 64 20 69 6e |n to be typed in| 00000740 20 61 6e 64 20 52 45 54 55 52 4e 20 69 73 20 70 | and RETURN is p| 00000750 72 65 73 73 65 64 2e 20 49 4e 50 55 54 0d 69 73 |ressed. INPUT.is| 00000760 20 75 73 65 64 20 73 6f 20 74 68 61 74 20 73 65 | used so that se| 00000770 76 65 72 61 6c 20 6b 65 79 20 70 72 65 73 73 65 |veral key presse| 00000780 73 20 63 61 6e 20 62 65 20 6d 61 64 65 20 66 6f |s can be made fo| 00000790 72 20 65 61 63 68 20 65 6e 74 72 79 2e 20 4e 75 |r each entry. Nu| 000007a0 6d 62 65 72 73 0d 6e 65 65 64 20 74 6f 20 62 65 |mbers.need to be| 000007b0 20 65 6e 74 65 72 65 64 2e 20 49 66 20 52 45 54 | entered. If RET| 000007c0 55 52 4e 20 69 73 20 70 72 65 73 73 65 64 20 77 |URN is pressed w| 000007d0 69 74 68 6f 75 74 20 61 6e 20 65 6e 74 72 79 20 |ithout an entry | 000007e0 62 65 69 6e 67 20 6d 61 64 65 20 6f 72 0d 61 66 |being made or.af| 000007f0 74 65 72 20 6c 65 74 74 65 72 73 20 68 61 76 65 |ter letters have| 00000800 20 62 65 65 6e 20 70 72 65 73 73 65 64 20 74 68 | been pressed th| 00000810 65 20 76 61 6c 75 65 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 20 |e value will be | 00000820 30 2e 20 54 68 65 20 65 6e 74 72 79 20 76 61 6c |0. The entry val| 00000830 75 65 20 69 73 0d 70 75 74 20 74 65 6d 70 6f 72 |ue is.put tempor| 00000840 61 72 69 6c 79 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 61 20 76 61 72 |arily into a var| 00000850 69 61 62 6c 65 20 63 61 6c 6c 65 64 20 42 0d 0d |iable called B..| 00000860 4c 69 6e 65 20 35 30 20 73 61 79 73 20 74 68 61 |Line 50 says tha| 00000870 74 20 41 28 58 29 3d 42 2e 20 49 6e 20 6f 74 68 |t A(X)=B. In oth| 00000880 65 72 20 77 6f 72 64 73 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 |er words on the | 00000890 66 69 72 73 74 20 6c 6f 6f 70 20 74 68 65 20 61 |first loop the a| 000008a0 72 72 61 79 20 62 6f 78 0d 63 61 6c 6c 65 64 20 |rray box.called | 000008b0 41 28 30 29 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 68 61 76 65 20 74 |A(0) will have t| 000008c0 68 65 20 76 61 6c 75 65 73 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 |he values in the| 000008d0 20 76 61 72 69 61 62 6c 65 20 42 20 70 6c 61 63 | variable B plac| 000008e0 65 64 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 69 74 2e 20 0d 0d 4c 69 |ed into it. ..Li| 000008f0 6e 65 20 36 30 20 61 64 64 73 20 31 20 74 6f 20 |ne 60 adds 1 to | 00000900 74 68 65 20 76 61 6c 75 65 20 6f 66 20 58 20 73 |the value of X s| 00000910 6f 20 74 68 61 74 20 64 75 72 69 6e 67 20 74 68 |o that during th| 00000920 65 20 6e 65 78 74 20 6c 6f 6f 70 20 58 20 77 69 |e next loop X wi| 00000930 6c 6c 20 3d 20 31 2e 0d 0d 4c 69 6e 65 20 37 30 |ll = 1...Line 70| 00000940 20 63 68 65 63 6b 73 20 69 66 20 58 3d 36 2c 20 | checks if X=6, | 00000950 69 66 20 69 74 20 64 6f 65 73 6e 27 74 20 74 68 |if it doesn't th| 00000960 65 6e 20 74 68 65 20 6c 6f 6f 70 20 63 79 63 6c |en the loop cycl| 00000970 65 20 69 73 20 72 65 70 65 61 74 65 64 2e 20 54 |e is repeated. T| 00000980 68 65 0d 76 61 6c 75 65 20 6f 66 20 58 20 69 73 |he.value of X is| 00000990 20 69 6e 63 72 65 61 73 65 64 20 62 79 20 31 20 | increased by 1 | 000009a0 65 61 63 68 20 74 69 6d 65 20 74 68 65 20 6c 6f |each time the lo| 000009b0 6f 70 20 70 61 73 73 65 73 20 6c 69 6e 65 20 36 |op passes line 6| 000009c0 30 20 73 6f 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 65 0d 77 68 |0 so that the.wh| 000009d0 6f 6c 65 20 6c 6f 6f 70 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 63 79 |ole loop will cy| 000009e0 63 6c 65 20 36 20 74 69 6d 65 73 2e 20 57 68 65 |cle 6 times. Whe| 000009f0 6e 20 58 3d 36 20 74 68 65 20 6c 6f 6f 70 20 77 |n X=6 the loop w| 00000a00 6f 6e 27 74 20 63 79 63 6c 65 2e 0d 0d 54 68 65 |on't cycle...The| 00000a10 20 73 65 63 6f 6e 64 20 6c 6f 6f 70 20 77 69 6c | second loop wil| 00000a20 6c 20 6f 66 63 6f 75 72 73 65 20 73 74 61 72 74 |l ofcourse start| 00000a30 20 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 52 45 50 45 41 54 20 73 | at the REPEAT s| 00000a40 74 61 74 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 61 74 20 6c 69 6e 65 |tatement at line| 00000a50 20 33 30 2e 20 0d 44 75 72 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 | 30. .During the| 00000a60 20 73 65 63 6f 6e 64 20 6c 6f 6f 70 20 74 68 65 | second loop the| 00000a70 20 76 61 6c 75 65 20 6f 66 20 58 20 77 69 6c 6c | value of X will| 00000a80 20 62 65 20 31 20 73 6f 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 | be 1 so that th| 00000a90 65 20 6b 65 79 70 72 65 73 73 65 73 0d 77 68 69 |e keypresses.whi| 00000aa0 63 68 20 61 72 65 20 63 61 6c 6c 65 64 20 66 6f |ch are called fo| 00000ab0 72 20 62 79 20 74 68 65 20 49 4e 50 55 54 20 63 |r by the INPUT c| 00000ac0 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 20 70 |ommand will be p| 00000ad0 75 74 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 61 72 72 61 79 20 62 6f |ut into array bo| 00000ae0 78 20 41 28 31 29 2e 0d 0d 41 66 74 65 72 20 74 |x A(1)...After t| 00000af0 68 65 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 6c 6f 6f 70 20 68 61 |he first loop ha| 00000b00 73 20 63 79 63 6c 65 64 20 35 20 74 69 6d 65 73 |s cycled 5 times| 00000b10 20 69 74 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 65 6e 64 20 61 6e 64 | it will end and| 00000b20 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 72 20 77 69 | the computer wi| 00000b30 6c 6c 0d 67 6f 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 78 |ll.go to the nex| 00000b40 74 20 6c 69 6e 65 20 74 6f 20 73 65 65 20 77 68 |t line to see wh| 00000b50 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 78 74 20 69 6e 73 74 |at the next inst| 00000b60 72 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 73 2e 20 42 69 74 20 |ruction is. Bit | 00000b70 6c 69 6b 65 20 6d 65 20 61 66 74 65 72 0d 49 27 |like me after.I'| 00000b80 76 65 20 66 69 6e 69 73 68 65 64 20 77 61 73 68 |ve finished wash| 00000b90 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 64 69 73 68 65 73 2e 0d |ing the dishes..| 00000ba0 0d 4c 69 6e 65 20 38 30 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 |.Line 80 is the | 00000bb0 73 74 61 72 74 20 6f 66 20 61 6e 6f 74 68 65 72 |start of another| 00000bc0 20 52 45 50 45 41 54 20 55 4e 54 49 4c 20 6c 6f | REPEAT UNTIL lo| 00000bd0 6f 70 2e 0d 0d 4c 69 6e 65 20 39 30 20 73 61 79 |op...Line 90 say| 00000be0 73 20 50 52 49 4e 54 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6e 74 |s PRINT the cont| 00000bf0 65 6e 74 73 20 6f 66 20 61 72 72 61 79 20 62 6f |ents of array bo| 00000c00 78 20 41 28 59 29 20 61 6e 64 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 |x A(Y) and also | 00000c10 62 65 73 69 64 65 20 69 74 20 70 72 69 6e 74 0d |beside it print.| 00000c20 59 2e 20 54 68 65 20 70 75 72 70 6f 73 65 20 6f |Y. The purpose o| 00000c30 66 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 20 69 73 20 74 |f the comma is t| 00000c40 6f 20 73 65 70 61 72 61 74 65 20 74 68 65 20 74 |o separate the t| 00000c50 77 6f 20 66 69 67 75 72 65 73 20 62 79 20 61 20 |wo figures by a | 00000c60 66 65 77 0d 73 70 61 63 65 73 2e 20 59 20 77 61 |few.spaces. Y wa| 00000c70 73 20 6f 66 63 6f 75 72 73 65 20 73 65 74 20 61 |s ofcourse set a| 00000c80 74 20 30 20 69 6e 20 6c 69 6e 65 20 31 30 20 61 |t 0 in line 10 a| 00000c90 74 20 74 68 65 20 73 61 6d 65 20 74 69 6d 65 20 |t the same time | 00000ca0 61 73 20 58 20 75 73 65 64 20 69 6e 0d 74 68 65 |as X used in.the| 00000cb0 20 6c 61 73 74 20 6c 6f 6f 70 2e 20 53 6f 20 74 | last loop. So t| 00000cc0 68 69 73 20 6c 69 6e 65 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 70 72 |his line will pr| 00000cd0 69 6e 74 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 73 |int the contents| 00000ce0 20 6f 66 20 61 72 72 61 79 20 62 6f 78 20 41 28 | of array box A(| 00000cf0 30 29 20 61 6e 64 0d 74 68 65 20 6e 75 6d 62 65 |0) and.the numbe| 00000d00 72 20 30 2e 20 0d 0d 4c 69 6e 65 20 31 30 30 20 |r 0. ..Line 100 | 00000d10 61 64 64 20 31 20 74 6f 20 59 20 73 6f 20 74 68 |add 1 to Y so th| 00000d20 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 78 74 20 74 69 6d 65 |at the next time| 00000d30 20 72 6f 75 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 6c 6f 6f 70 20 | round the loop | 00000d40 74 68 65 20 6e 65 78 74 20 61 72 72 61 79 0d 62 |the next array.b| 00000d50 6f 78 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 68 61 76 65 20 69 74 27 |ox will have it'| 00000d60 73 20 63 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 73 20 70 72 69 6e 74 |s contents print| 00000d70 65 64 2e 0d 0d 4c 69 6e 65 20 31 31 30 20 74 65 |ed...Line 110 te| 00000d80 73 74 20 66 6f 72 20 59 20 3d 20 36 2c 20 69 66 |st for Y = 6, if| 00000d90 20 69 74 20 64 6f 65 73 20 74 68 65 20 6c 6f 6f | it does the loo| 00000da0 70 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 65 6e 64 2e 0d 0d 54 68 65 |p will end...The| 00000db0 20 61 72 72 61 79 20 64 25 20 68 61 73 20 35 38 | array d% has 58| 00000dc0 20 62 6f 78 65 73 2e 20 46 6f 72 20 65 61 63 68 | boxes. For each| 00000dd0 20 6e 6f 74 65 20 74 68 61 74 20 69 73 20 70 72 | note that is pr| 00000de0 65 73 73 65 64 2c 20 74 68 65 20 76 61 6c 75 65 |essed, the value| 00000df0 20 63 25 20 69 73 0d 75 73 65 64 20 61 73 20 74 | c% is.used as t| 00000e00 68 65 20 70 69 74 63 68 20 6c 65 76 65 6c 20 66 |he pitch level f| 00000e10 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 53 4f 55 4e 44 20 63 6f 6d |or the SOUND com| 00000e20 6d 61 6e 64 20 61 6e 64 20 63 25 20 69 73 20 61 |mand and c% is a| 00000e30 6c 73 6f 20 70 6c 61 63 65 64 20 69 6e 74 6f 0d |lso placed into.| 00000e40 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 74 68 65 20 64 25 20 61 72 |on the the d% ar| 00000e50 72 61 79 20 62 6f 78 65 73 2e 20 54 68 69 73 20 |ray boxes. This | 00000e60 69 73 20 64 6f 6e 65 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 68 65 |is done with the| 00000e70 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 20 64 25 28 65 25 29 3d | command d%(e%)=| 00000e80 63 25 0d 65 25 20 77 61 73 20 69 6e 69 74 69 61 |c%.e% was initia| 00000e90 6c 6c 79 20 73 65 74 20 61 74 20 30 20 62 75 74 |lly set at 0 but| 00000ea0 20 69 73 20 69 6e 63 72 65 61 73 65 64 20 62 79 | is increased by| 00000eb0 20 31 20 77 69 74 68 20 65 61 63 68 20 6c 6f 6f | 1 with each loo| 00000ec0 70 2c 20 69 65 20 65 61 63 68 0d 74 69 6d 65 20 |p, ie each.time | 00000ed0 61 20 6b 65 79 20 69 73 20 70 72 65 73 73 65 64 |a key is pressed| 00000ee0 2e 0d 0d 54 68 65 72 65 20 69 73 20 61 6e 6f 74 |...There is anot| 00000ef0 68 65 72 20 61 72 72 61 79 2c 20 74 25 2e 20 54 |her array, t%. T| 00000f00 68 69 73 20 61 72 72 61 79 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 68 |his array also h| 00000f10 61 73 20 35 38 20 62 6f 78 65 73 20 61 6e 64 20 |as 58 boxes and | 00000f20 69 73 20 75 73 65 64 20 74 6f 0d 63 6f 6e 74 61 |is used to.conta| 00000f30 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 64 75 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 |in the duration | 00000f40 76 61 6c 75 65 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 53 4f |value for the SO| 00000f50 55 4e 44 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 2e 20 49 6e 20 |UND command. In | 00000f60 74 68 65 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 70 61 72 74 20 6f |the first part o| 00000f70 66 20 74 68 65 0d 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 74 68 |f the.program th| 00000f80 69 73 20 68 61 73 20 62 65 65 6e 20 73 65 74 20 |is has been set | 00000f90 74 6f 20 36 20 62 79 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6d 6d |to 6 by the comm| 00000fa0 61 6e 64 20 74 25 28 65 25 29 3d 36 2e 20 41 67 |and t%(e%)=6. Ag| 00000fb0 61 69 6e 20 65 25 20 69 73 20 75 73 65 64 0d 74 |ain e% is used.t| 00000fc0 6f 20 63 6f 75 6e 74 20 74 68 72 6f 75 67 68 20 |o count through | 00000fd0 74 68 65 20 62 6f 78 65 73 20 6f 66 20 74 68 69 |the boxes of thi| 00000fe0 73 20 61 72 72 61 79 2e 0d 0d 4f 6e 65 20 66 75 |s array...One fu| 00000ff0 72 74 68 65 72 20 66 65 61 74 75 72 65 20 69 6e |rther feature in| 00001000 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 6f 73 65 20 70 61 72 | the compose par| 00001010 74 20 6f 66 20 74 68 69 73 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 |t of this progra| 00001020 6d 20 69 73 20 61 20 6d 65 61 6e 73 20 74 6f 0d |m is a means to.| 00001030 63 68 61 6e 67 65 20 74 68 65 20 6f 63 74 61 76 |change the octav| 00001040 65 73 20 75 70 20 61 6e 64 20 64 6f 77 6e 2e 20 |es up and down. | 00001050 45 61 63 68 20 6f 63 74 61 76 65 20 69 73 20 73 |Each octave is s| 00001060 65 70 61 72 61 74 65 64 20 62 79 20 34 38 20 73 |eparated by 48 s| 00001070 6f 20 43 20 69 73 0d 6f 63 74 61 76 65 20 32 20 |o C is.octave 2 | 00001080 3d 20 35 32 20 77 68 69 6c 65 20 63 20 69 6e 20 |= 52 while c in | 00001090 6f 63 74 61 76 65 20 33 20 3d 20 31 30 30 2c 20 |octave 3 = 100, | 000010a0 6f 63 74 61 76 65 20 34 20 3d 20 31 34 38 20 61 |octave 4 = 148 a| 000010b0 6e 64 20 73 6f 20 6f 6e 2e 20 59 65 74 0d 61 6e |nd so on. Yet.an| 000010c0 6f 74 68 65 72 20 76 61 72 69 61 62 6c 65 20 77 |other variable w| 000010d0 61 73 20 63 72 65 61 74 65 64 2c 20 20 77 25 2e |as created, w%.| 000010e0 20 41 73 20 49 20 73 61 69 64 20 70 72 65 76 69 | As I said previ| 000010f0 6f 75 73 6c 79 20 74 68 65 20 70 69 74 63 68 20 |ously the pitch | 00001100 76 61 6c 75 65 0d 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 53 4f |value.for the SO| 00001110 55 4e 44 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 20 69 73 20 73 |UND command is s| 00001120 65 74 20 77 69 74 68 20 63 25 2e 20 54 68 65 20 |et with c%. The | 00001130 76 61 6c 75 65 20 6f 66 20 77 25 20 69 73 20 63 |value of w% is c| 00001140 68 61 6e 67 65 64 20 75 73 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 |hanged using the| 00001150 0d 3c 20 61 6e 64 20 3e 20 6b 65 79 73 20 77 69 |.< and > keys wi| 00001160 74 68 20 74 68 65 20 6c 69 6e 65 73 2c 20 49 46 |th the lines, IF| 00001170 20 61 25 3d 32 37 20 77 25 3d 77 25 2d 31 20 61 | a%=27 w%=w%-1 a| 00001180 6e 64 20 49 46 20 61 25 3d 32 38 20 77 25 3d 77 |nd IF a%=28 w%=w| 00001190 25 2b 31 2e 20 54 68 65 72 65 0d 69 73 20 61 6e |%+1. There.is an| 000011a0 6f 74 68 65 72 20 6c 69 6e 65 20 6a 75 73 74 20 |other line just | 000011b0 62 65 66 6f 72 65 20 74 68 65 20 53 4f 55 4e 44 |before the SOUND| 000011c0 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 73 | command which s| 000011d0 61 79 73 20 63 25 3d 63 25 2b 28 34 38 2a 77 25 |ays c%=c%+(48*w%| 000011e0 29 2e 20 0d 53 6f 20 69 66 20 77 25 3d 31 2c 20 |). .So if w%=1, | 000011f0 63 25 3d 20 74 68 65 20 67 69 76 65 6e 20 76 61 |c%= the given va| 00001200 6c 75 65 20 66 6f 72 20 63 25 20 2b 20 28 34 38 |lue for c% + (48| 00001210 20 74 69 6d 65 73 20 77 25 29 20 6f 72 20 74 6f | times w%) or to| 00001220 20 70 75 74 20 69 74 0d 61 6e 6f 74 68 65 72 20 | put it.another | 00001230 77 61 79 2c 20 34 38 20 58 20 31 20 3d 20 34 38 |way, 48 X 1 = 48| 00001240 2b 20 63 25 20 6d 65 61 6e 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 |+ c% means that | 00001250 74 68 65 20 6f 63 74 61 76 65 20 70 6c 61 79 65 |the octave playe| 00001260 64 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 20 72 61 69 73 65 64 |d will be raised| 00001270 0d 62 79 20 6f 6e 65 2e 20 77 25 20 63 61 6e 20 |.by one. w% can | 00001280 69 6e 66 61 63 74 20 62 65 20 65 71 75 61 6c 20 |infact be equal | 00001290 74 6f 20 30 20 73 6f 20 74 68 61 74 20 6f 63 74 |to 0 so that oct| 000012a0 61 76 65 20 31 20 63 61 6e 20 62 65 20 70 6c 61 |ave 1 can be pla| 000012b0 79 65 64 20 61 6e 64 20 77 25 0d 63 61 6e 20 61 |yed and w%.can a| 000012c0 6c 73 6f 20 62 65 20 65 71 75 61 6c 20 74 6f 20 |lso be equal to | 000012d0 34 20 73 6f 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 68 69 |4 so that the hi| 000012e0 67 68 65 73 74 20 6f 63 74 61 76 65 20 63 61 6e |ghest octave can| 000012f0 20 62 65 20 70 6c 61 79 65 64 2e 0d 0d 4e 6f 77 | be played...Now| 00001300 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 70 6c 61 79 62 61 63 | for the playbac| 00001310 6b 2e 0d 0d 52 65 6d 65 6d 62 65 72 20 74 68 61 |k...Remember tha| 00001320 74 20 65 25 20 72 65 70 72 65 73 65 6e 74 73 20 |t e% represents | 00001330 74 68 65 20 6e 75 6d 62 65 72 20 6f 66 20 6e 6f |the number of no| 00001340 74 65 73 20 70 6c 61 79 65 64 20 61 6e 64 20 69 |tes played and i| 00001350 73 20 75 73 65 64 20 74 6f 0d 63 6f 75 6e 74 20 |s used to.count | 00001360 74 68 72 6f 75 67 68 20 74 68 65 20 61 72 72 61 |through the arra| 00001370 79 73 20 64 25 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 70 69 |ys d% for the pi| 00001380 74 63 68 20 76 61 6c 75 65 73 20 61 6e 64 20 74 |tch values and t| 00001390 25 20 74 68 65 20 64 75 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 0d 76 |% the duration.v| 000013a0 61 6c 75 65 73 2e 0d 0d 54 68 65 20 63 61 6c 6c |alues...The call| 000013b0 20 50 52 4f 43 70 6c 61 79 62 61 63 6b 28 65 25 | PROCplayback(e%| 000013c0 29 20 74 61 6b 65 73 20 74 68 65 20 63 75 72 72 |) takes the curr| 000013d0 65 6e 74 20 76 61 6c 75 65 20 6f 66 20 65 25 20 |ent value of e% | 000013e0 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 6f 63 65 64 75 72 65 |to the procedure| 000013f0 2e 0d 41 20 76 61 72 69 61 62 6c 65 2c 20 61 6e |..A variable, an| 00001400 6f 74 68 65 72 20 6f 6e 65 2c 20 66 25 20 69 73 |other one, f% is| 00001410 20 73 65 74 20 74 6f 20 30 2e 20 41 20 52 45 50 | set to 0. A REP| 00001420 45 41 54 20 55 4e 54 49 4c 20 6c 6f 6f 70 20 62 |EAT UNTIL loop b| 00001430 65 67 69 6e 73 20 62 75 0d 61 64 64 69 6e 67 20 |egins bu.adding | 00001440 6f 6e 65 20 74 6f 20 66 25 20 77 69 74 68 20 66 |one to f% with f| 00001450 25 3d 66 25 2b 31 2e 20 54 68 65 6e 20 74 68 65 |%=f%+1. Then the| 00001460 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 20 53 4f 55 4e 44 31 2c | command SOUND1,| 00001470 2d 31 35 2c 64 25 28 66 25 29 2c 74 25 28 66 25 |-15,d%(f%),t%(f%| 00001480 29 0d 70 6c 61 79 73 20 74 68 65 20 74 75 6e 65 |).plays the tune| 00001490 2e 20 4f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 6c |. On the first l| 000014a0 6f 6f 70 20 66 25 3d 31 20 73 6f 20 74 68 65 20 |oop f%=1 so the | 000014b0 70 69 74 63 68 20 70 6c 61 79 65 64 20 77 69 6c |pitch played wil| 000014c0 6c 20 62 65 20 73 74 6f 72 65 64 0d 69 6e 20 74 |l be stored.in t| 000014d0 68 65 20 62 6f 78 20 64 25 28 31 29 20 77 68 69 |he box d%(1) whi| 000014e0 63 68 20 68 61 70 70 65 6e 73 20 74 6f 20 62 65 |ch happens to be| 000014f0 20 74 68 65 20 66 6f 72 73 74 20 6e 6f 74 65 20 | the forst note | 00001500 63 6f 6d 70 6f 73 65 64 2e 20 54 68 65 20 64 75 |composed. The du| 00001510 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 0d 77 69 6c 6c 20 6f 66 63 6f |ration.will ofco| 00001520 75 72 73 65 20 62 65 20 36 20 73 69 6e 63 65 20 |urse be 6 since | 00001530 65 76 65 72 79 20 76 61 6c 75 65 20 66 6f 72 20 |every value for | 00001540 64 75 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 77 61 73 20 73 65 74 |duration was set| 00001550 20 74 6f 20 36 2e 0d 0d 53 6f 20 6d 75 63 68 20 | to 6...So much | 00001560 66 6f 72 20 70 6c 61 79 62 61 63 6b 2e 0d 0d 4e |for playback...N| 00001570 6f 77 20 74 6f 20 73 65 74 20 74 68 65 20 6c 65 |ow to set the le| 00001580 6e 67 74 68 20 6f 66 20 65 61 63 68 20 6e 6f 74 |ngth of each not| 00001590 65 2e 20 0d 0d 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 64 6f 6e |e. ..This is don| 000015a0 65 20 77 69 74 68 20 50 52 4f 43 20 65 64 69 74 |e with PROC edit| 000015b0 28 65 25 29 2e 0d 0d 41 67 61 69 6e 20 65 25 20 |(e%)...Again e% | 000015c0 74 61 6b 65 73 20 74 68 65 20 6e 75 6d 62 65 72 |takes the number| 000015d0 20 6f 66 20 6e 6f 74 65 73 20 63 6f 6d 70 6f 73 | of notes compos| 000015e0 65 64 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 6f 63 65 64 |ed to the proced| 000015f0 75 72 65 2e 0d 0d 54 68 65 20 73 63 72 65 65 6e |ure...The screen| 00001600 20 69 73 20 63 6c 65 61 72 65 64 2e 20 49 66 20 | is cleared. If | 00001610 6e 6f 20 6e 6f 74 65 73 20 68 61 76 65 20 62 65 |no notes have be| 00001620 65 6e 20 70 6c 61 79 65 64 20 65 25 20 77 69 6c |en played e% wil| 00001630 6c 20 3d 20 30 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 0d 70 72 |l = 0 and the.pr| 00001640 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 67 6f 20 62 61 |ogram will go ba| 00001650 63 6b 20 74 6f 20 63 6f 6d 70 6f 73 65 2e 20 66 |ck to compose. f| 00001660 25 20 69 73 20 73 65 74 20 74 6f 20 30 2e 20 78 |% is set to 0. x| 00001670 20 61 6e 64 20 79 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 61 72 65 | and y which are| 00001680 20 70 61 72 74 20 6f 66 0d 61 20 54 41 42 20 73 | part of.a TAB s| 00001690 74 61 74 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 61 72 65 20 73 65 74 |tatement are set| 000016a0 20 74 6f 20 30 20 61 6e 64 20 32 20 72 65 73 70 | to 0 and 2 resp| 000016b0 65 63 74 69 76 6c 79 2e 0d 0d 41 20 52 45 50 45 |ectivly...A REPE| 000016c0 41 54 20 6c 6f 6f 70 20 69 73 20 73 74 61 72 74 |AT loop is start| 000016d0 65 64 2e 20 31 20 69 73 20 61 64 64 65 64 20 74 |ed. 1 is added t| 000016e0 6f 20 66 25 20 61 6e 64 20 79 20 61 6e 64 20 75 |o f% and y and u| 000016f0 25 20 69 73 20 6d 61 64 65 20 3d 20 74 6f 20 30 |% is made = to 0| 00001700 0d 0d |..| 00001702