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13-01-89/HELPTXT
This website contains an archive of files for the Acorn Electron, BBC Micro, Acorn Archimedes, Commodore 16 and Commodore 64 computers, which Dominic Ford has rescued from his private collection of floppy disks and cassettes.
Some of these files were originally commercial releases in the 1980s and 1990s, but they are now widely available online. I assume that copyright over them is no longer being asserted. If you own the copyright and would like files to be removed, please contact me.
| Tape/disk: | Home » CEEFAX disks » telesoftware12.adl |
| Filename: | 13-01-89/HELPTXT |
| Read OK: | ✔ |
| File size: | 6484 bytes |
| Load address: | 0000 |
| Exec address: | 0000 |
File contents
The Master ROM
(C) John Robinson 1988
The Master ROM is a very powerful piece of software for the BBC Model B.
It was originally designed as the system software for the ESP 002 ROM/RAM
board, but can be used with any ROM board (or even without a ROM board) if
you have at least one sideways RAM slot. It *MUST* be loaded into sideways
RAM, and will disappear if it isn't in sideways RAM.
Thanks to Graham Toal of Edinburgh Software Products for all the help and
assistance he gave me writing it.
1. GETTING GOING
Load The Master ROM using your normal ROM loader, and press <CTRL><BREAK>.
The ROM should now be in the machine. This will be obvious from the new
header message, which will be "BBC Supercomputer" and the actual total of
RAM in your machine. It counts main RAM (16/32K), each full (16K) sideways
RAM, 32K shadow RAM, and 64K second processor. If you have 256K or more,
you won't get a memory total message. I don't foresee this happening!
2. THE COMMANDS
*APPEND <filename> Append lines to file
This command is similar to *BUILD but stores the typed data at the end of
the file, instead of creating a new file.
*BLANKING (ON/OFF) Monitor saver
When enabled, this function will disable VDU output if you do not touch
the keyboard for 2 minutes. This will save your monitor's CRT from having
images permanently engraved upon it if you leave your computer and monitor
on for a long time. If this happens to your monitor, you will not be able
to use it because you won't be able to read what it says for the image.
*CLOSE Close all open files
Exactly the same as CLOSE#0 from BASIC, Master Series computers' *CLOSE,
or the Watford DFSs' *TIDY. Useful with badly written languages which
don't close files, or with programs with bugs in them, etc.
*CONFIGURE Set machine configuration
This is a large family of commands, most of them also found in Master
Series computers. They determine how the computer is set up after
<CTRL><BREAK> or power-up (if you have battery-backed RAM). See section 3.
*CREATE <filename> <length> Create an empty file
This command makes a blank file on the disc. It is provided in a Master by
way of an OSFILE call (not provided by this ROM), and is implemented by
opening a file for output, setting the pointer to the length, and closing
the file.
*DUMP <filename> (<offset>) Dump contents of file in hex and
ASCII
Similar to the standard *DUMP, but allows an initial offset into the file,
uses OSGBPB (should be significantly faster with NFS) and shows it in
pretty colours (mode 7 only). Takes workspace from &AC0 to &AFF.
*INSERT <rom-id> Restores an unplugged ROM
After *UNPLUG, this command will make a ROM available again.
*KILL (<rom-id>) Wipes sideways RAM
This command makes sideways RAM free for loading other ROM images on top.
It is not bothered about the slot not containing a valid ROM image. If no
parameter is given, it will kill all the unprotected (see *PROTECT) S/W
RAM slots except The Master ROM, your current language and your current
filing system. When using ADFS this command runs very slowly because it
shuts down your current filing system, then starts it up again. This is so
that ROMs may remove vectors before being killed.
*MDUMP (<start-address> (<end-address/+length> (<rom-id>)))
Memory dump in hex and ASCII
Similar to *DUMP, but dumps the contents of the memory instead. The normal
rules apply about the FFFF prefix for the I/O processor, but this need not
be included if you give a ROM number.
*PREFIX (<command> ON/OFF) Prefix command with *JR:
If you want other low-priority ROMs to pick up Master ROM commands, use
the prefixing facility. After a *PREFIX command, the command will only be
accepted by The Master ROM if it is prefixed with "*JR:" eg after
*PREFIX DUMP ON
the *DUMP command will be picked up by your DFS (every time).
Commands may be prefixed with *JR: even if you have not specified that
they must be, eg if your DFS is above The Master ROM, *JR:DUMP will get
The Master ROM's *DUMP command.
*PREFIX on its own lists the commands that must be prefixed.
*PRINTBUFFER <wxyz> Initialise printer buffer
This command sets up a printer buffer in the sideways RAM slot you give,
and starts it immediately. The printer buffer then becomes self-sufficient
code that does not need The Master ROM to run it. It is initialised
automatically every time you press BREAK. A total of a 15.5K buffer
becomes available.
*PROTECT (<rom-id> ON/OFF) Protect S/W RAM from general *KILL
and selection by *SRLOAD
Once *PROTECTed, a sideways RAM will not be killed by *KILL or used by
*SRLOAD unless explicitly specified.
*PROTECT on its own lists the RAM slots that are protected.
*RESET (0/1) Perform BREAK/power-up
Like pressing BREAK or turning the computer off and on again. *RESET 0 or
just *RESET powers up the computer, *RESET 1 is equivalent to pressing
BREAK. This command is not Tube compatible and tells you so.
*ROMINFO (<rom-id>) Gives information about a ROM
This command give extremely detailed information about the specified ROM
or returns The Master ROM's current status if no parameter is given. If
the slot contains a valid ROM, it will tell you:
whether it is RAM or ROM
the address of the service entry (if any)
the address of the language entry (if any)
whether it is the BASIC ROM
the second processor language relocation address (if any)
its title
its version string (if any)
its copyright string
its status (enabled/disabled)
the address of its private workspace
whether it is the current language or not
the names and addresses of any vectors into it
the filing system number if it is the current filing system
*ROMS List installed ROMs
Eg:
>*ROMS
F: s The Master ROM
E: Clear RAM
D: S &97 DFS,NET
C: Empty
B* R BASIC
A: Empty
9: L PASCAL
8: L PASCAL
7: S &1E ADFS
6: Empty
5: L COMAL
4: Empty
3: L WORDWISE-PLUS
2: Empty
1: l micro PROLOG
0: s TOOLKIT PLUS
This means that
The Master ROM is in slot F in sideways RAM
Slot E is sideways RAM and is unused
Slot D is the DNFS, its workspace starts at &1700 and the NFS is disabled
Slot C is empty (on an ESP board, you have a 16K chip in slot C-D)
Slot B is the current language, BASIC
Slot A is empty (on an ESP board, you have a 16K chip in slot A-B)
Slot 9 is one half of Pascal
Slot 8 is the other half of Pascal (on an ESP board they are in a 32K chip)
Slot 7 is the ADFS, its workspace starts at &1E00
Slot 6 is empty (on an ESP board, you have a 16K chip in slot 6-7)
Slot 5 is COMAL
Slot 4 is empty (on an ESP board, you have a 16K chip in slot 4-5)
Slot 3 is WordWise Plus
Slot 2 is empty (on an ESP board, you have a 16K chip in slot 2-3)
Slot 1 is micro Prolog in sideways RAM
Slot 0 is ToolKit Plus in sideways RAM
*SEARCH <string> (<start-address> (<end-address/+length> (<rom-id>)))
Search memory for string
Searches I/O processor, second processor or sideways ROM for the given
string, eg
*SEARCH "The Master ROM" 8000 +4000 f
would search the whole of ROM slot F for "The Master ROM".
*SHOW (<key-number>) Function key lister
Shows how the function key(s) (soft keys) has (have) been defined. Checks
for *FX4 options and only lists keys 11-15 after a *FX4,2 if you don't
give a parameter.
*SPOOLON (<filename>) Spool output to file
Similar to *SPOOL but appends data to file (see *APPEND). Without a
parameter it closes the current spool file (like *SPOOL)
*SRLOAD <filename> (<start-address>) (<rom-id>) (Q (I))
Sideways RAM loader
Similar to the command found in Master Series computers, however:
There is no slow version (the Q is ignored if given), instead main RAM and
the sideways RAM are swapped, the stuff is loaded and they are swapped
back, so the main RAM is never left corrupted and the load is always
quick. However, interrupt routines will crash if they are between &3C00
and &7C00. Also, there is a form of the command *SRLOAD <filename>
(<rom-id>). This loads to &8000, quick, with initialise. If no ROM number
is given, one is chosen. Sideways RAM that already has a valid ROM in it
may be specified explicitly without a *KILL beforehand. Examples:
*SRLOAD r.extras
would load "r.extras" into your lowest free RAM slot and attempt to
initialise it.
*SRLOAD data 8010 w q
would load "data" into your lowest RAM slot at &8010.
*SRSAVE <filename> <start-address> <end-address/+length> <rom-id> (Q)
Sideways RAM saver
Similar to the command found in Master Series computers. As with *SRLOAD,
the address must be in the range &8000-&C000 as the Master Series
computers' pseudo addressing is not implemented. The end address should be
less than &C000 or you will find that you have saved parts of the OS ROM
as well. This command does not swap main RAM and sideways RAM but it does
use the highest area of memory that it can, as well as having a slow
version, eg (see example for *ROMS)
*SRSAVE r.toolkt+ 8000 +2000 0 q
would save the ToolKit Plus ROM image on disc quickly, using main RAM from
&5C00 to &7C00.
*STATUS See configured status
Shows exactly the same as *HELP CONFIGURE but without the heading and
*CONFIGURE on its own. Does not take parameters (as the Master Series
computers' equivalent commands do).
*TIME (<<hh>:<mm>(:<ss>)>/OFF) Real-time clock
This command starts a real-time clock running on events. There are 3
syntaxes for this command:
*TIME shows time if clock is running
*TIME OFF stops clock
*TIME hh:mm(:ss) sets time and starts clock
The clock continues to run over <BREAK> and <CTRL><BREAK> and can be
configured to run at power-up (if you have battery-backed sideways RAM) or
after *RESET. However, it loses up to 1 second each time you press <BREAK>
and obviously will not run while the machine is off.
Also provided is the OSWORD call found in Master Series computers to read
the clock (OSWORD with A=&E). If a ROM above The Master ROM responds to
this call, the time given by it will be shown by *TIME. However, it is
likely that any ROM responding to the OSWORD call will also respond to
*TIME.
*UNPLUG <rom-id> Disable a sideways ROM
This command makes a sideways ROM unavailable to be used until it is
*INSERTed. It will not respond to any calls after the command has been
executed, except for Tube Main Init (see notes below).
3. *CONFIGURE commands
This family of commands take the form
*CONFIGURE <command> <parameters>
but just *CONFIGURE on its own shows exactly the same as *STATUS.
The settings are issued at <CTRL><BREAK> or power-up, and some at soft
breaks as well. Commands not found in Master Series computers are marked
with a +
MODE Sets start-up mode
TV Sets start-up *TV parameters
LOUD Makes BELL sound (<CTRL><G>/VDU 7) loud (as normal)
QUIET Makes BELL sound quieter
SOUND ON/OFF Turns sound on or off altogether (*FX210) +
BAUD <n> Sets the baud rate for RS423 I/O (*FX7,*FX8)
DELAY <n> Sets the keyboard auto-repeat delay (*FX11)
REPEAT <n> Sets the keyboard auto-repeat rate (*FX12)
PRINT <n> Sets the default printer number (*FX5)
IGNORE (<n>) Sets the printer ignore character (*FX6) or none
CAPS Makes CAPS LOCK come on
NOCAPS Turns CAPS LOCK off
SHCAPS Same as <SHIFT><CAPS LOCK>
DATA <0-7> Specifies the data format used by the RS423 (see P388 AUG)
SCROLL Leaves scrolling state as normal (VDU 15)
NOSCROLL Turns paging on (VDU 14)
DFS Selects DFS by default from DNFS +
NFS Selects NFS by default from DNFS +
BOOT Sets auto-boot (see P246 AUG)
NOBOOT Disables auto-boot
DIR Load directory at startup (ADFS)
NODIR Don't load dir at startup (ADFS)
FLOPPY Use floppy disc even if hard disc is available (ADFS)
HARD Use hard disc if available (ADFS)
LANG <n> Selects language ROM number
FILE <n> Selects filing system ROM number
TUBE Enables tube if present
INTUBE As TUBE
EXTUBE As TUBE
NOTUBE Disables tube if present
FDRIVE <n> Selects disc drive speed (ignores ADFS precompensation)
BLANKING ON/OFF
Enables/disables monitor saver (see *BLANKING) +
CLOCK ON/OFF Enables/disables clock (see *TIME) +
BEEP ON/OFF Enables/disables beep at <CTRL><BREAK> (normally off) +
All commands which do something with the ADFS work only immediately after
BREAK.
AUG stands for Advanced User Guide
4. HELP
Extensive help is supplied in the form of *HELP commands. All of the
following will be accepted and output performed:
*Help Master list commands
*H.. list commands and configure options
*HELP CONF. list configure options
*HELP SP. display information on SPOOLON
*h.roms romi.pre. display information on ROMS, ROMINFO and PREFIX
*HeLp sRLoaD Srs. display information on SRLOAD and SRSAVE
However, the information given in <> brackets may be confusing, as only
very brief descriptions are given.
<fsp>
This should be the filename of the file the command should access, eg
*SRLOAD :*.li*.roms.view+h
to load a file called "view+h" in directory ":*.li*.roms" (this particular
example would only work on a network).
<"ON"/"OFF">
Either ON or OFF, specifying whether you want the function to be turned on
or off. Any abbreviation of OFF is accepted (even .) but no abbreviation
of ON. Most commands default to ON, eg
*BLANKING
would turn the monitor saver on, and
*BLA..
would turn it off.
<hex_num>
A hexadecimal number (see User Guide for information about hexadecimal).
In some cases, it specifies the length of the file, or the offset into the
file.
<wxyz>
This is the method of identifying ROM numbers. Hexadecimal numbers 0-F and
0-15 relate directly to the ROM sockets, but W-Z and J-N are extras:
W-Z are also found in Master Series computers, standing for the first to
the fourth RAM slot found starting at 0, and J-N for the fifth to the
ninth bank (this only occurs very rarely but Watford Electronics produce a
ROM board which could take 9 RAM slots). If you are writing software to
run on both BBC Microcomputers with sideways RAM and Master Series
computers, use W-Z only.
<hex_start>
This is a start address in hexadecimal, ie in the range 0-FFFF. As in
*SAVE, if the first 4 digits of an 8-digit number are FFFF, the I/O
processor is selected for use instead of a second processor.
<end/+len>
This is an end address in hexadecimal (also in the range 0-FFFF) or a +
followed by a length in hexadecimal. If the first 4 digits of an 8-digit
number are FFFF this is ignored, ie the processor must be specified by the
start address. If a length is given it must be in the processor's address
range, eg fc00 +600 would give the error Not that much memory because it
would go from &FC00 to &10200 which is no good!
<command>
One of The Master ROM's commands, eg ROMINFO or TIME.
<dec_num>
A decimal number in the range 0-255. Negative numbers are accepted when
using *CONFIGURE commands, so the range becomes -255 to 255 although -255
is equivalent to 1. It specifies things like a function key number or an
option for a command (eg *RESET).
<string>
A string of characters, as you would give after *KEYn, eg
*KEY0"Hello!|M"
then
*SEARCH"Hello!|M" FFFF0000
would yield
Found at &0B11
<"Q">
When using *SRLOAD and *SRSAVE, this indicates that the computer's main
RAM should be used as a buffer and the file done in one operation. Only
*SRSAVE actually corrupts main RAM permanently, because *SRLOAD preserves
the memory (if you are in mode 3 and you load a ROM image, you will notice
this!). *SRLOAD ignores this if present.
<"I">
When using *SRLOAD with a start address, this initialises a ROM image if
the slot contains one after the load by placing it in the ROM table. If
the ROM should take workspace, press BREAK instead.
<<hh>:<mm>(:<ss>)/"OFF">
This is the complete syntax for *TIME. It means that either a time
parameter of hours:minutes(and :seconds if required) or OFF should be
specified.
5. ERRORS
The errors that The Master ROM can give are listed with the error number,
then the actual error message, then the circumstance in which it occurs
and how to remedy it.
17 Escape
This error is given by the dump commands *DUMP and *MDUMP when you press
escape.
210 Please give a command after the "*JR:"
If you have typed
*J<space>
or
*JR
or
*JR:
with no command after it, this error will be given. Type a command after
the *JR: bit, eg *JR:ROMS
211 Too many parameters
If you have given too many parameters, eg
*BLANKING OFF PLEASE
this error will be given. Remove the last parameter and try again:
*BLANKING OFF
will work.
212 Configure what?
If you have done a *CONFIGURE command but the parameter is unrecognised,
eg
*CONFIGURE HARD
this error will be given.
213 Requires ON/OFF parameter
Only given by *CONFIGURE commands, instead of Syntax errors.
214 File not found
This error is given by *DUMP, *APPEND and *SPOOLON if the filename given
cannot be found in the current directory/library. It is also given by
*SRLOAD but it is given by the filing system in this case.
215 Screen saver not enabled
You typed *BLANKING OFF without a *BLANKING ON beforehand.
216 The clock is not running
Given by *TIME OFF if the clock was not on.
217 Bad time
Given by *TIME if you do not give the time like this:
*TIME 12:34
would set the time to 34 minutes past 12 (24-hour clock). The time must be
given with each component separated by colons and no spaces, with the
numbers in the correct ranges, ie hours 0-23, minutes 0-59 and seconds
0-59 (optional, default 0)
218 Events vectored into another ROM
Both the clock and the monitor saver make use of events (a simplified type
of interrupts offered by the OS). If another ROM has claimed EVNTV then
The Master ROM cannot also vector it (see notes).
219 Can't reset the Tube
This error is only given by *RESET if a second processor is being used.
220 is given by the CFS
221 File error
This error can be given by all the commands where byte I/O is performed,
ie *APPEND, *CREATE, *DUMP and *SRSAVE, and is given when an inexplicable
error occurs (usually when the carry flag is set after an OSBPUT
operation). The DFS executes a BRK and gives its own error instead of
doing this, eg Can't extend. Also given by the CFS in similar
circumstances.
222 and 223 are given by the CFS
224 Couldn't open file
This error can be given by *APPEND, *CREATE and *SPOOLON when the output
file cannot be opened. The DFS executes a BRK and gives its own error
instead, eg Disk full.
225 Bad hex digit
Hexadecimal numbers may contain only the digits 0-9 and A-F (or a-f). The
routine counts a + as a number terminator, so with some commands you will
get a Syntax error instead (but only if you are deliberately attempting to
crash The Master ROM!!!)
226 Hex number too big
The Master ROM expects only a 16-bit number, though it takes input of up
to 32 bits, and if the top 2 bytes are not 0 or &FFFF or there are more
than 9 digits then this error is generated.
227 Not that much memory
This error is given when a +len address is given, eg
*MDUMP c000 +c000
would give this error, but
*MDUMP c000 +abc
would not.
228 Bad decimal
This error is given where a decimal number is required but not given
correctly, eg
*CONFIGURE IGNORE q0
229 Already silent
This error is given if *CONFIGURE SOUND OFF is executed twice.
230 That slot is protected
This error is given by *KILL, eg after
*PROTECT w on
typing
*KILL w
will give this error.
231 That slot isn't RAM
If you have tried to *KILL a ROM slot or *SRLOAD into it, this error will
be given, eg
*KILL b
will give this error (with most ROM boards).
232 That slot contains The Master ROM
This error is given if you try to *KILL, *UNPLUG or *SRLOAD over The
Master ROM
233 That slot is your current language
This error is given if you try to *KILL, *UNPLUG or *SRLOAD over the slot
containing your current language.
234 That slot is your current filing system
This error is given if you try to *KILL, *UNPLUG or *SRLOAD over the slot
containing your current filing system. This is unlikely to happen, as your
filing system is most likely to be in a ROM.
235 Bad RAM number
This error is given only by *SRLOAD when you attempt to give an address
between 10 and 7FFF. Any number below 8000 is interpreted as a ROM number,
and if it is not correct, it is rejected.
236 Not a valid ROM image
This error is given only by *SRLOAD when a ROM image that has been loaded
cannot be initialised because it is not a proper ROM image (the OS will
also reject it).
237 RAM unavailable (try *KILL)
This error is given if The Master ROM cannot find a useable sideways RAM
slot for a *SRLOAD command, ie if all your RAM slots contain service ROM
images.
238 Nothing plugged in there
This error is given by *UNPLUG if you try to use it on an empty slot or on
a slot that has already been unplugged.
240 That slot was not unplugged
This error is given by *INSERT if you hadn't previously *UNPLUGged that
slot.
241 Can't find sideways RAM
If, for example, you only have 2 banks of sideways RAM and you try to
access bank Z this error will be given.
242 ROM no?
This error is given instead of Syntax errors by *CONFIGURE commands
expecting a <wxyz> parameter.
243 Wasn't protected
This error is given by *PROTECT if you try to unprotect a slot that wasn't
protected, eg
*PROTECT w off
after loading up.
244 Bad range
This error is given by *CONFIGURE when a number parameter is specified
outside the required range, eg
*CONFIGURE DATA 25
would give this error as only 0-7 are acceptable.
251 Bad key
This error is given by *SHOW if the key number given is outside the range
0-15 (same error as OS)
254 Bad syntax
Given by *CONFIGURE commands where the syntax is incorrect (see help)
254 Syntax: *.......
This error is probably the most frequently occuring one. The dots are
filled in with the command you used (incorrectly) and the list of
parameters required (in brackets if optional), eg
*CREATE dosh
would give
Syntax: *CREATE <fsp> <hex_num>
because both a filename and a file length are required. Try
*CREATE dosh 10000000
and you will get a 268,435,456 byte long file (if your media can take it)
called dosh. (Wishful thinking, eh?)
6. NOTES
If you want to disable the Tube, do NOT *UNPLUG the ROM with the Tube Host
Code in it. This will be counterproductive as the Tube will be half-
initialised. Instead use *CONFIGURE NOTUBE.
Also with the Tube, The Master ROM will crash if used with any second
processor other than a 6502 series type.
If you press <R> at the same time as <BREAK> (ie <R><BREAK> or <CTRL><R>
<BREAK>) then all the *CONFIGURE options will be reset to "Not
configured", as will sideways RAM protection (see *PROTECT).
The Master ROM accepts all commands in upper or lower case, hex numbers
may include digits A-F or a-f, ROM ids (that's <wxyz>) may be upper or
lower case.
The Master ROM can be disabled almost altogether by setting the top bit of
its workspace byte (the frugal bit). The ROM responds to one service call
when the frugal bit is set: Tube Main Init. When this bit is set, it will
do the same as it would if you had typed *CONFIGURE NOTUBE but The Master
ROM must be above the ROM with the Tube Host Code in it. If you have an
ESP 002 board, it will probably be best to use it in slot F.
This means that disabling The Master ROM in this way will also disable the
Tube.
There is a small bug with *CONFIGURE NOTUBE: If the ROM with the Tube Host
Code is above The Master ROM, pages 4 to 6 and the bottom of zero-page
will be corrupted. This is NOT The Master ROM's fault: The Tube Main Init
service call is sent round before The Master ROM gets a chance to stop it.
The Master ROM follows the correct method supplied by the OS of claiming
vectors, so only one ROM may be in the chain of claimers. The same is true
of the printer buffer, so only one buffer will work (the one with the
highest priority after BREAK). Other copies will waste sideways RAM space.
The Master ROM may be loaded into any sideways RAM position, and will
operate fully in any position except for the following points:
a) Second processor users should load The Master ROM above the ROM
containing the Tube Host Code (usually the DFS/DNFS) to use *CONFIGURE
NOTUBE.
b) Users with a hardware real-time clock and software in ROM in their
machine should load The Master ROM below the ROM with the real-time clock
code in it so that The Master ROM can access that clock when it receives a
*TIME command.
The Master ROM only works with standard sideways RAM, where the RAM may be
written to immediately after normal selection (ie writing to ROMSEL)
without other processes. This is the standard way of making sideways RAM.
Sorry to all readers who don't fully understand everything I've said... I
tried to keep technical points to a minimum, but as usual I expect I've
completely confused you... ("Blinding you with science" is what my English
teacher would say)
Have fun, gang!
From John (me)
and Ford____ Beeb)
00000000 0d 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |. |
00000010 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 54 68 | Th|
00000020 65 20 4d 61 73 74 65 72 20 52 4f 4d 0d 0d 0d 20 |e Master ROM... |
00000030 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | |
00000040 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 28 43 29 20 4a 6f 68 6e | (C) John|
00000050 20 52 6f 62 69 6e 73 6f 6e 20 31 39 38 38 0d 0d | Robinson 1988..|
00000060 0d 0d 0d 0d 54 68 65 20 4d 61 73 74 65 72 20 52 |....The Master R|
00000070 4f 4d 20 69 73 20 61 20 76 65 72 79 20 70 6f 77 |OM is a very pow|
00000080 65 72 66 75 6c 20 70 69 65 63 65 20 6f 66 20 73 |erful piece of s|
00000090 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 |oftware for the |
000000a0 42 42 43 20 4d 6f 64 65 6c 20 42 2e 0d 49 74 20 |BBC Model B..It |
000000b0 77 61 73 20 6f 72 69 67 69 6e 61 6c 6c 79 20 64 |was originally d|
000000c0 65 73 69 67 6e 65 64 20 61 73 20 74 68 65 20 73 |esigned as the s|
000000d0 79 73 74 65 6d 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 66 |ystem software f|
000000e0 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 45 53 50 20 30 30 32 20 52 |or the ESP 002 R|
000000f0 4f 4d 2f 52 41 4d 0d 62 6f 61 72 64 2c 20 62 75 |OM/RAM.board, bu|
00000100 74 20 63 61 6e 20 62 65 20 75 73 65 64 20 77 69 |t can be used wi|
00000110 74 68 20 61 6e 79 20 52 4f 4d 20 62 6f 61 72 64 |th any ROM board|
00000120 20 28 6f 72 20 65 76 65 6e 20 77 69 74 68 6f 75 | (or even withou|
00000130 74 20 61 20 52 4f 4d 20 62 6f 61 72 64 29 20 69 |t a ROM board) i|
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000060f0 20 74 68 65 20 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 69 6e 67 20 70 | the following p|
00006100 6f 69 6e 74 73 3a 0d 61 29 20 53 65 63 6f 6e 64 |oints:.a) Second|
00006110 20 70 72 6f 63 65 73 73 6f 72 20 75 73 65 72 73 | processor users|
00006120 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 6c 6f 61 64 20 54 68 65 | should load The|
00006130 20 4d 61 73 74 65 72 20 52 4f 4d 20 61 62 6f 76 | Master ROM abov|
00006140 65 20 74 68 65 20 52 4f 4d 0d 63 6f 6e 74 61 69 |e the ROM.contai|
00006150 6e 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 54 75 62 65 20 48 6f |ning the Tube Ho|
00006160 73 74 20 43 6f 64 65 20 28 75 73 75 61 6c 6c 79 |st Code (usually|
00006170 20 74 68 65 20 44 46 53 2f 44 4e 46 53 29 20 74 | the DFS/DNFS) t|
00006180 6f 20 75 73 65 20 2a 43 4f 4e 46 49 47 55 52 45 |o use *CONFIGURE|
00006190 0d 4e 4f 54 55 42 45 2e 0d 62 29 20 55 73 65 72 |.NOTUBE..b) User|
000061a0 73 20 77 69 74 68 20 61 20 68 61 72 64 77 61 72 |s with a hardwar|
000061b0 65 20 72 65 61 6c 2d 74 69 6d 65 20 63 6c 6f 63 |e real-time cloc|
000061c0 6b 20 61 6e 64 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 69 |k and software i|
000061d0 6e 20 52 4f 4d 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 69 72 0d 6d |n ROM in their.m|
000061e0 61 63 68 69 6e 65 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 6c 6f |achine should lo|
000061f0 61 64 20 54 68 65 20 4d 61 73 74 65 72 20 52 4f |ad The Master RO|
00006200 4d 20 62 65 6c 6f 77 20 74 68 65 20 52 4f 4d 20 |M below the ROM |
00006210 77 69 74 68 20 74 68 65 20 72 65 61 6c 2d 74 69 |with the real-ti|
00006220 6d 65 20 63 6c 6f 63 6b 0d 63 6f 64 65 20 69 6e |me clock.code in|
00006230 20 69 74 20 73 6f 20 74 68 61 74 20 54 68 65 20 | it so that The |
00006240 4d 61 73 74 65 72 20 52 4f 4d 20 63 61 6e 20 61 |Master ROM can a|
00006250 63 63 65 73 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 63 6c 6f 63 6b |ccess that clock|
00006260 20 77 68 65 6e 20 69 74 20 72 65 63 65 69 76 65 | when it receive|
00006270 73 20 61 0d 2a 54 49 4d 45 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e |s a.*TIME comman|
00006280 64 2e 0d 0d 54 68 65 20 4d 61 73 74 65 72 20 52 |d...The Master R|
00006290 4f 4d 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 77 6f 72 6b 73 20 77 69 |OM only works wi|
000062a0 74 68 20 73 74 61 6e 64 61 72 64 20 73 69 64 65 |th standard side|
000062b0 77 61 79 73 20 52 41 4d 2c 20 77 68 65 72 65 20 |ways RAM, where |
000062c0 74 68 65 20 52 41 4d 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 0d 77 |the RAM may be.w|
000062d0 72 69 74 74 65 6e 20 74 6f 20 69 6d 6d 65 64 69 |ritten to immedi|
000062e0 61 74 65 6c 79 20 61 66 74 65 72 20 6e 6f 72 6d |ately after norm|
000062f0 61 6c 20 73 65 6c 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 28 69 65 |al selection (ie|
00006300 20 77 72 69 74 69 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 52 4f 4d 53 | writing to ROMS|
00006310 45 4c 29 0d 77 69 74 68 6f 75 74 20 6f 74 68 65 |EL).without othe|
00006320 72 20 70 72 6f 63 65 73 73 65 73 2e 20 54 68 69 |r processes. Thi|
00006330 73 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 73 74 61 6e 64 61 72 |s is the standar|
00006340 64 20 77 61 79 20 6f 66 20 6d 61 6b 69 6e 67 20 |d way of making |
00006350 73 69 64 65 77 61 79 73 20 52 41 4d 2e 0d 0d 0d |sideways RAM....|
00006360 53 6f 72 72 79 20 74 6f 20 61 6c 6c 20 72 65 61 |Sorry to all rea|
00006370 64 65 72 73 20 77 68 6f 20 64 6f 6e 27 74 20 66 |ders who don't f|
00006380 75 6c 6c 79 20 75 6e 64 65 72 73 74 61 6e 64 20 |ully understand |
00006390 65 76 65 72 79 74 68 69 6e 67 20 49 27 76 65 20 |everything I've |
000063a0 73 61 69 64 2e 2e 2e 20 49 0d 74 72 69 65 64 20 |said... I.tried |
000063b0 74 6f 20 6b 65 65 70 20 74 65 63 68 6e 69 63 61 |to keep technica|
000063c0 6c 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 73 20 74 6f 20 61 20 6d 69 |l points to a mi|
000063d0 6e 69 6d 75 6d 2c 20 62 75 74 20 61 73 20 75 73 |nimum, but as us|
000063e0 75 61 6c 20 49 20 65 78 70 65 63 74 20 49 27 76 |ual I expect I'v|
000063f0 65 0d 63 6f 6d 70 6c 65 74 65 6c 79 20 63 6f 6e |e.completely con|
00006400 66 75 73 65 64 20 79 6f 75 2e 2e 2e 20 28 22 42 |fused you... ("B|
00006410 6c 69 6e 64 69 6e 67 20 79 6f 75 20 77 69 74 68 |linding you with|
00006420 20 73 63 69 65 6e 63 65 22 20 69 73 20 77 68 61 | science" is wha|
00006430 74 20 6d 79 20 45 6e 67 6c 69 73 68 0d 74 65 61 |t my English.tea|
00006440 63 68 65 72 20 77 6f 75 6c 64 20 73 61 79 29 0d |cher would say).|
00006450 0d 48 61 76 65 20 66 75 6e 2c 20 67 61 6e 67 21 |.Have fun, gang!|
00006460 0d 46 72 6f 6d 20 4a 6f 68 6e 20 28 6d 65 29 0d |.From John (me).|
00006470 61 6e 64 20 46 6f 72 64 5f 5f 5f 5f 20 42 65 65 |and Ford____ Bee|
00006480 62 29 0d 0d |b)..|
00006484 
13-01-89/HELPTXT.m0
13-01-89/HELPTXT.m1
13-01-89/HELPTXT.m2
13-01-89/HELPTXT.m4
13-01-89/HELPTXT.m5
.