Home » Archimedes archive » Archimedes World » AW-1991-02.adf » !AWFeb91/Goodies/ThreeView/!ReadMe

!AWFeb91/Goodies/ThreeView/!ReadMe

This website contains an archive of files for the Acorn Electron, BBC Micro, Acorn Archimedes, Commodore 16 and Commodore 64 computers, which Dominic Ford has rescued from his private collection of floppy disks and cassettes.

Some of these files were originally commercial releases in the 1980s and 1990s, but they are now widely available online. I assume that copyright over them is no longer being asserted. If you own the copyright and would like files to be removed, please contact me.

Tape/disk: Home » Archimedes archive » Archimedes World » AW-1991-02.adf
Filename: !AWFeb91/Goodies/ThreeView/!ReadMe
Read OK: ✔
File size: 1AF2 bytes
Load address: FFFFFF42
Exec address: CBCAD412
File contents
                                 !ThreeView
                                 ----------

                              By John Wigham

                          (c) Archimedes World 1991


    To load !ThreeView simply click on its icon from the menu or double
click on the icon from its directory viewer.
    Once loaded, !ThreeView will simply sit on the icon bar waiting for you
to load an object or start creating one. To open the main viewer window and
control window, click on the icon. Either window can be closed if required
by clicking on its quit icon but clicking on the applications icon on the
icon bar will always open both of them at their default positions.

THE CONTROL WINDOW...

    This window allows you to change your view of the object and provides
information about the object.
    To change your distance from the object, click on the left and right
arrows beside 'Distance' to decrease and increase the distance respectively.
Clicking on the distance value will enable you to enter a value directly.
RETURN should be used to set the altered value. The XY and ZY rotation of
the object can be set in the same way.
    The three buttons below the three controls at the top set the marking of
vertices and surfaces. The 'vertices' and 'surfaces' radio buttons select
which to mark and the 'Mark' option button sets whether marking is on or
off. Marking simply means that each surface or vertice has its number
printed on or along side it when it is plotted. Figures (i) and (ii) show an
object with its vertices and surfaces marked respectively. Surfaces and
vertices which can be seen are printed in white while invisible ones or ones
which are not used are printed in light blue.
    The information at the bottom of the window shows how many vertices and
surfaces the object uses, how many frames there are and which frame you are
looking at.

MENUS...

    All functions provided by the application are available from two menus.
One is accessed by pressing menu while the pointer is over the applications
icon on the icon bar and the other by pressing menu while the pointer is
over the viewing window.

THE ICON BAR MENU...

    This menu provides you with the following three choices.

Info : 
    This option will display information about !ThreeView 

Save : 
    This leads to a standard save window. Drag the icon to a directory
viewer to save the object or click on OK to use the existing pathname.

Quit :
    This will quit the application, remove its icon from the icon bar and
free the memory it was taking up.

THE MAIN MENU...

    This menu provides you with all the main editing features.

Add vertice : 
    This leads to a window which lets you enter the X, Y and Z coordinates
of a new vertice. RETURN moves the caret to the next icon and clicking on OK
enters the point. An error will be generated if you try to have more than
100 vertices. 

Edit Vertice :
    This leads to a window where you enter the number of the vertice to
edit. Enter the number and you will be given a window as for 'Add vertice'.

Add surface :
    This leads to a window which lets you enter the four vertices for the
surface, its colour and its tint. Note that the tint is a value from 0 to 3
not from 0 to 255.

Edit surface :
    This leads to a window where you enter the surface number to edit. Enter
the number and you will be given a window as for 'Add surface'.

Swap vertices :
    This leads to a window where you enter the number of the two vertices
which you want to swap.

Swap surfaces :
    As for 'Swap vertices' but swaps surfaces instead.

Delete vertice :
    Leads to a window where you enter the number of the vertice which you
want to delete.

Delete Surface :
    As for 'Delete vertice' but deletes a surface instead.

Animate :
    This leads to a window where you enter the animation sequence for the
object. You can specify up to 15 frame numbers to be displayed in sequence.
The sequence automatically restarts after the last frame. If less that 15
frames are being used then the last entry in the list should be a zero.
Click on Play to start animating and click on Stop to finish. The
multi-tasking nature of the desktop means that the control window can still
be used while the object is animating. Editing can still be performed
although it is of little use as you can't tell which frame the function is
going to act on.

Clear frame :
    This leads to a window where you confirm that you want to clear the
current frame. This simply means that all the surfaces and vertices are
deleted.

Frame number :
    This leads to a window where you enter the number of the frame you wish
to view.

Add frame :
    When selected, this adds another frame to the object up to a maximum of
15.

Copy Frame :
    This leads to a window where you enter the number of the frame to copy
and the frame to copy to in that order.

    Figure (iii) shows what the menu looks like.

LOADING...

    There are several ways to load an object file. Once the application is
loaded you can double click on the file you want to load, drag it onto the
applications icon or drag it into the view window.

HINTS AND TIPS...

    There are some points about the program which should be understood if
the program is to be used properly.

    i) Surfaces which are to be visible from both sides (e.g. the legs in
figure (v)) should be defined as a pair of surfaces. The second surface
should have its vertices listed in the opposite order while remembering that
in triangles, it must always be the last two vertices which use the same
point.

   ii) Where two surfaces are the same distance from the viewpoint, they are
plotted in ascending numerical order. This is important for surface detail
such as the lights in figure (v). If the lights had lower surface numbers
than their background then they would be plotted first and then obliterated
by their backing surface. Thus it is important to add the surface detail
last. If a clash does occur then 'Swap surfaces' can be used to rectify the
situation.

  iii) When a surface is defined, it may not appear when expected. If this
happens, it may be because the vertices are the wrong way round and the
program thinks the surface should be visible from the wrong side. Try
changing round the vertices till it appears. As a general rule, enter the
vertices going round the four corners in an anti-clockwise direction when
looking at it from the 'visible' side.

AND FINALLY...

    That is all there is to generating and animating your own 3D solids. In
the 'Objects' directory are some of the objects I created while writing the
program. The 'Walker' robot walks in ten frames and 'Spaceship2' flaps its
wings in five frames. I am sure that you can come up with many more
interesting shapes but even generating simple shapes can be very rewarding
and I hope that you find the effort worthwhile, I certainly did.

John Whigham
00000000  20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20  20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20  |                |
*
00000020  20 21 54 68 72 65 65 56  69 65 77 0a 20 20 20 20  | !ThreeView.    |
00000030  20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20  20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20  |                |
00000040  20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20  20 20 20 20 20 2d 2d 2d  |             ---|
00000050  2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0a  0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20  |-------..       |
00000060  20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20  20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20  |                |
00000070  20 20 20 20 20 20 20 42  79 20 4a 6f 68 6e 20 57  |       By John W|
00000080  69 67 68 61 6d 0a 0a 20  20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20  |igham..         |
00000090  20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20  20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20  |                |
000000a0  20 28 63 29 20 41 72 63  68 69 6d 65 64 65 73 20  | (c) Archimedes |
000000b0  57 6f 72 6c 64 20 31 39  39 31 0a 0a 0a 20 20 20  |World 1991...   |
000000c0  20 54 6f 20 6c 6f 61 64  20 21 54 68 72 65 65 56  | To load !ThreeV|
000000d0  69 65 77 20 73 69 6d 70  6c 79 20 63 6c 69 63 6b  |iew simply click|
000000e0  20 6f 6e 20 69 74 73 20  69 63 6f 6e 20 66 72 6f  | on its icon fro|
000000f0  6d 20 74 68 65 20 6d 65  6e 75 20 6f 72 20 64 6f  |m the menu or do|
00000100  75 62 6c 65 0a 63 6c 69  63 6b 20 6f 6e 20 74 68  |uble.click on th|
00000110  65 20 69 63 6f 6e 20 66  72 6f 6d 20 69 74 73 20  |e icon from its |
00000120  64 69 72 65 63 74 6f 72  79 20 76 69 65 77 65 72  |directory viewer|
00000130  2e 0a 20 20 20 20 4f 6e  63 65 20 6c 6f 61 64 65  |..    Once loade|
00000140  64 2c 20 21 54 68 72 65  65 56 69 65 77 20 77 69  |d, !ThreeView wi|
00000150  6c 6c 20 73 69 6d 70 6c  79 20 73 69 74 20 6f 6e  |ll simply sit on|
00000160  20 74 68 65 20 69 63 6f  6e 20 62 61 72 20 77 61  | the icon bar wa|
00000170  69 74 69 6e 67 20 66 6f  72 20 79 6f 75 0a 74 6f  |iting for you.to|
00000180  20 6c 6f 61 64 20 61 6e  20 6f 62 6a 65 63 74 20  | load an object |
00000190  6f 72 20 73 74 61 72 74  20 63 72 65 61 74 69 6e  |or start creatin|
000001a0  67 20 6f 6e 65 2e 20 54  6f 20 6f 70 65 6e 20 74  |g one. To open t|
000001b0  68 65 20 6d 61 69 6e 20  76 69 65 77 65 72 20 77  |he main viewer w|
000001c0  69 6e 64 6f 77 20 61 6e  64 0a 63 6f 6e 74 72 6f  |indow and.contro|
000001d0  6c 20 77 69 6e 64 6f 77  2c 20 63 6c 69 63 6b 20  |l window, click |
000001e0  6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 69  63 6f 6e 2e 20 45 69 74  |on the icon. Eit|
000001f0  68 65 72 20 77 69 6e 64  6f 77 20 63 61 6e 20 62  |her window can b|
00000200  65 20 63 6c 6f 73 65 64  20 69 66 20 72 65 71 75  |e closed if requ|
00000210  69 72 65 64 0a 62 79 20  63 6c 69 63 6b 69 6e 67  |ired.by clicking|
00000220  20 6f 6e 20 69 74 73 20  71 75 69 74 20 69 63 6f  | on its quit ico|
00000230  6e 20 62 75 74 20 63 6c  69 63 6b 69 6e 67 20 6f  |n but clicking o|
00000240  6e 20 74 68 65 20 61 70  70 6c 69 63 61 74 69 6f  |n the applicatio|
00000250  6e 73 20 69 63 6f 6e 20  6f 6e 20 74 68 65 0a 69  |ns icon on the.i|
00000260  63 6f 6e 20 62 61 72 20  77 69 6c 6c 20 61 6c 77  |con bar will alw|
00000270  61 79 73 20 6f 70 65 6e  20 62 6f 74 68 20 6f 66  |ays open both of|
00000280  20 74 68 65 6d 20 61 74  20 74 68 65 69 72 20 64  | them at their d|
00000290  65 66 61 75 6c 74 20 70  6f 73 69 74 69 6f 6e 73  |efault positions|
000002a0  2e 0a 0a 54 48 45 20 43  4f 4e 54 52 4f 4c 20 57  |...THE CONTROL W|
000002b0  49 4e 44 4f 57 2e 2e 2e  0a 0a 20 20 20 20 54 68  |INDOW.....    Th|
000002c0  69 73 20 77 69 6e 64 6f  77 20 61 6c 6c 6f 77 73  |is window allows|
000002d0  20 79 6f 75 20 74 6f 20  63 68 61 6e 67 65 20 79  | you to change y|
000002e0  6f 75 72 20 76 69 65 77  20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20  |our view of the |
000002f0  6f 62 6a 65 63 74 20 61  6e 64 20 70 72 6f 76 69  |object and provi|
00000300  64 65 73 0a 69 6e 66 6f  72 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 20  |des.information |
00000310  61 62 6f 75 74 20 74 68  65 20 6f 62 6a 65 63 74  |about the object|
00000320  2e 0a 20 20 20 20 54 6f  20 63 68 61 6e 67 65 20  |..    To change |
00000330  79 6f 75 72 20 64 69 73  74 61 6e 63 65 20 66 72  |your distance fr|
00000340  6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 6f  62 6a 65 63 74 2c 20 63  |om the object, c|
00000350  6c 69 63 6b 20 6f 6e 20  74 68 65 20 6c 65 66 74  |lick on the left|
00000360  20 61 6e 64 20 72 69 67  68 74 0a 61 72 72 6f 77  | and right.arrow|
00000370  73 20 62 65 73 69 64 65  20 27 44 69 73 74 61 6e  |s beside 'Distan|
00000380  63 65 27 20 74 6f 20 64  65 63 72 65 61 73 65 20  |ce' to decrease |
00000390  61 6e 64 20 69 6e 63 72  65 61 73 65 20 74 68 65  |and increase the|
000003a0  20 64 69 73 74 61 6e 63  65 20 72 65 73 70 65 63  | distance respec|
000003b0  74 69 76 65 6c 79 2e 0a  43 6c 69 63 6b 69 6e 67  |tively..Clicking|
000003c0  20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20  64 69 73 74 61 6e 63 65  | on the distance|
000003d0  20 76 61 6c 75 65 20 77  69 6c 6c 20 65 6e 61 62  | value will enab|
000003e0  6c 65 20 79 6f 75 20 74  6f 20 65 6e 74 65 72 20  |le you to enter |
000003f0  61 20 76 61 6c 75 65 20  64 69 72 65 63 74 6c 79  |a value directly|
00000400  2e 0a 52 45 54 55 52 4e  20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20  |..RETURN should |
00000410  62 65 20 75 73 65 64 20  74 6f 20 73 65 74 20 74  |be used to set t|
00000420  68 65 20 61 6c 74 65 72  65 64 20 76 61 6c 75 65  |he altered value|
00000430  2e 20 54 68 65 20 58 59  20 61 6e 64 20 5a 59 20  |. The XY and ZY |
00000440  72 6f 74 61 74 69 6f 6e  20 6f 66 0a 74 68 65 20  |rotation of.the |
00000450  6f 62 6a 65 63 74 20 63  61 6e 20 62 65 20 73 65  |object can be se|
00000460  74 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65  20 73 61 6d 65 20 77 61  |t in the same wa|
00000470  79 2e 0a 20 20 20 20 54  68 65 20 74 68 72 65 65  |y..    The three|
00000480  20 62 75 74 74 6f 6e 73  20 62 65 6c 6f 77 20 74  | buttons below t|
00000490  68 65 20 74 68 72 65 65  20 63 6f 6e 74 72 6f 6c  |he three control|
000004a0  73 20 61 74 20 74 68 65  20 74 6f 70 20 73 65 74  |s at the top set|
000004b0  20 74 68 65 20 6d 61 72  6b 69 6e 67 20 6f 66 0a  | the marking of.|
000004c0  76 65 72 74 69 63 65 73  20 61 6e 64 20 73 75 72  |vertices and sur|
000004d0  66 61 63 65 73 2e 20 54  68 65 20 27 76 65 72 74  |faces. The 'vert|
000004e0  69 63 65 73 27 20 61 6e  64 20 27 73 75 72 66 61  |ices' and 'surfa|
000004f0  63 65 73 27 20 72 61 64  69 6f 20 62 75 74 74 6f  |ces' radio butto|
00000500  6e 73 20 73 65 6c 65 63  74 0a 77 68 69 63 68 20  |ns select.which |
00000510  74 6f 20 6d 61 72 6b 20  61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20  |to mark and the |
00000520  27 4d 61 72 6b 27 20 6f  70 74 69 6f 6e 20 62 75  |'Mark' option bu|
00000530  74 74 6f 6e 20 73 65 74  73 20 77 68 65 74 68 65  |tton sets whethe|
00000540  72 20 6d 61 72 6b 69 6e  67 20 69 73 20 6f 6e 20  |r marking is on |
00000550  6f 72 0a 6f 66 66 2e 20  4d 61 72 6b 69 6e 67 20  |or.off. Marking |
00000560  73 69 6d 70 6c 79 20 6d  65 61 6e 73 20 74 68 61  |simply means tha|
00000570  74 20 65 61 63 68 20 73  75 72 66 61 63 65 20 6f  |t each surface o|
00000580  72 20 76 65 72 74 69 63  65 20 68 61 73 20 69 74  |r vertice has it|
00000590  73 20 6e 75 6d 62 65 72  0a 70 72 69 6e 74 65 64  |s number.printed|
000005a0  20 6f 6e 20 6f 72 20 61  6c 6f 6e 67 20 73 69 64  | on or along sid|
000005b0  65 20 69 74 20 77 68 65  6e 20 69 74 20 69 73 20  |e it when it is |
000005c0  70 6c 6f 74 74 65 64 2e  20 46 69 67 75 72 65 73  |plotted. Figures|
000005d0  20 28 69 29 20 61 6e 64  20 28 69 69 29 20 73 68  | (i) and (ii) sh|
000005e0  6f 77 20 61 6e 0a 6f 62  6a 65 63 74 20 77 69 74  |ow an.object wit|
000005f0  68 20 69 74 73 20 76 65  72 74 69 63 65 73 20 61  |h its vertices a|
00000600  6e 64 20 73 75 72 66 61  63 65 73 20 6d 61 72 6b  |nd surfaces mark|
00000610  65 64 20 72 65 73 70 65  63 74 69 76 65 6c 79 2e  |ed respectively.|
00000620  20 53 75 72 66 61 63 65  73 20 61 6e 64 0a 76 65  | Surfaces and.ve|
00000630  72 74 69 63 65 73 20 77  68 69 63 68 20 63 61 6e  |rtices which can|
00000640  20 62 65 20 73 65 65 6e  20 61 72 65 20 70 72 69  | be seen are pri|
00000650  6e 74 65 64 20 69 6e 20  77 68 69 74 65 20 77 68  |nted in white wh|
00000660  69 6c 65 20 69 6e 76 69  73 69 62 6c 65 20 6f 6e  |ile invisible on|
00000670  65 73 20 6f 72 20 6f 6e  65 73 0a 77 68 69 63 68  |es or ones.which|
00000680  20 61 72 65 20 6e 6f 74  20 75 73 65 64 20 61 72  | are not used ar|
00000690  65 20 70 72 69 6e 74 65  64 20 69 6e 20 6c 69 67  |e printed in lig|
000006a0  68 74 20 62 6c 75 65 2e  0a 20 20 20 20 54 68 65  |ht blue..    The|
000006b0  20 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61  74 69 6f 6e 20 61 74 20  | information at |
000006c0  74 68 65 20 62 6f 74 74  6f 6d 20 6f 66 20 74 68  |the bottom of th|
000006d0  65 20 77 69 6e 64 6f 77  20 73 68 6f 77 73 20 68  |e window shows h|
000006e0  6f 77 20 6d 61 6e 79 20  76 65 72 74 69 63 65 73  |ow many vertices|
000006f0  20 61 6e 64 0a 73 75 72  66 61 63 65 73 20 74 68  | and.surfaces th|
00000700  65 20 6f 62 6a 65 63 74  20 75 73 65 73 2c 20 68  |e object uses, h|
00000710  6f 77 20 6d 61 6e 79 20  66 72 61 6d 65 73 20 74  |ow many frames t|
00000720  68 65 72 65 20 61 72 65  20 61 6e 64 20 77 68 69  |here are and whi|
00000730  63 68 20 66 72 61 6d 65  20 79 6f 75 20 61 72 65  |ch frame you are|
00000740  0a 6c 6f 6f 6b 69 6e 67  20 61 74 2e 0a 0a 4d 45  |.looking at...ME|
00000750  4e 55 53 2e 2e 2e 0a 0a  20 20 20 20 41 6c 6c 20  |NUS.....    All |
00000760  66 75 6e 63 74 69 6f 6e  73 20 70 72 6f 76 69 64  |functions provid|
00000770  65 64 20 62 79 20 74 68  65 20 61 70 70 6c 69 63  |ed by the applic|
00000780  61 74 69 6f 6e 20 61 72  65 20 61 76 61 69 6c 61  |ation are availa|
00000790  62 6c 65 20 66 72 6f 6d  20 74 77 6f 20 6d 65 6e  |ble from two men|
000007a0  75 73 2e 0a 4f 6e 65 20  69 73 20 61 63 63 65 73  |us..One is acces|
000007b0  73 65 64 20 62 79 20 70  72 65 73 73 69 6e 67 20  |sed by pressing |
000007c0  6d 65 6e 75 20 77 68 69  6c 65 20 74 68 65 20 70  |menu while the p|
000007d0  6f 69 6e 74 65 72 20 69  73 20 6f 76 65 72 20 74  |ointer is over t|
000007e0  68 65 20 61 70 70 6c 69  63 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 0a  |he applications.|
000007f0  69 63 6f 6e 20 6f 6e 20  74 68 65 20 69 63 6f 6e  |icon on the icon|
00000800  20 62 61 72 20 61 6e 64  20 74 68 65 20 6f 74 68  | bar and the oth|
00000810  65 72 20 62 79 20 70 72  65 73 73 69 6e 67 20 6d  |er by pressing m|
00000820  65 6e 75 20 77 68 69 6c  65 20 74 68 65 20 70 6f  |enu while the po|
00000830  69 6e 74 65 72 20 69 73  0a 6f 76 65 72 20 74 68  |inter is.over th|
00000840  65 20 76 69 65 77 69 6e  67 20 77 69 6e 64 6f 77  |e viewing window|
00000850  2e 0a 0a 54 48 45 20 49  43 4f 4e 20 42 41 52 20  |...THE ICON BAR |
00000860  4d 45 4e 55 2e 2e 2e 0a  0a 20 20 20 20 54 68 69  |MENU.....    Thi|
00000870  73 20 6d 65 6e 75 20 70  72 6f 76 69 64 65 73 20  |s menu provides |
00000880  79 6f 75 20 77 69 74 68  20 74 68 65 20 66 6f 6c  |you with the fol|
00000890  6c 6f 77 69 6e 67 20 74  68 72 65 65 20 63 68 6f  |lowing three cho|
000008a0  69 63 65 73 2e 0a 0a 49  6e 66 6f 20 3a 20 0a 20  |ices...Info : . |
000008b0  20 20 20 54 68 69 73 20  6f 70 74 69 6f 6e 20 77  |   This option w|
000008c0  69 6c 6c 20 64 69 73 70  6c 61 79 20 69 6e 66 6f  |ill display info|
000008d0  72 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 20  61 62 6f 75 74 20 21 54  |rmation about !T|
000008e0  68 72 65 65 56 69 65 77  20 0a 0a 53 61 76 65 20  |hreeView ..Save |
000008f0  3a 20 0a 20 20 20 20 54  68 69 73 20 6c 65 61 64  |: .    This lead|
00000900  73 20 74 6f 20 61 20 73  74 61 6e 64 61 72 64 20  |s to a standard |
00000910  73 61 76 65 20 77 69 6e  64 6f 77 2e 20 44 72 61  |save window. Dra|
00000920  67 20 74 68 65 20 69 63  6f 6e 20 74 6f 20 61 20  |g the icon to a |
00000930  64 69 72 65 63 74 6f 72  79 0a 76 69 65 77 65 72  |directory.viewer|
00000940  20 74 6f 20 73 61 76 65  20 74 68 65 20 6f 62 6a  | to save the obj|
00000950  65 63 74 20 6f 72 20 63  6c 69 63 6b 20 6f 6e 20  |ect or click on |
00000960  4f 4b 20 74 6f 20 75 73  65 20 74 68 65 20 65 78  |OK to use the ex|
00000970  69 73 74 69 6e 67 20 70  61 74 68 6e 61 6d 65 2e  |isting pathname.|
00000980  0a 0a 51 75 69 74 20 3a  0a 20 20 20 20 54 68 69  |..Quit :.    Thi|
00000990  73 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 71  75 69 74 20 74 68 65 20  |s will quit the |
000009a0  61 70 70 6c 69 63 61 74  69 6f 6e 2c 20 72 65 6d  |application, rem|
000009b0  6f 76 65 20 69 74 73 20  69 63 6f 6e 20 66 72 6f  |ove its icon fro|
000009c0  6d 20 74 68 65 20 69 63  6f 6e 20 62 61 72 20 61  |m the icon bar a|
000009d0  6e 64 0a 66 72 65 65 20  74 68 65 20 6d 65 6d 6f  |nd.free the memo|
000009e0  72 79 20 69 74 20 77 61  73 20 74 61 6b 69 6e 67  |ry it was taking|
000009f0  20 75 70 2e 0a 0a 54 48  45 20 4d 41 49 4e 20 4d  | up...THE MAIN M|
00000a00  45 4e 55 2e 2e 2e 0a 0a  20 20 20 20 54 68 69 73  |ENU.....    This|
00000a10  20 6d 65 6e 75 20 70 72  6f 76 69 64 65 73 20 79  | menu provides y|
00000a20  6f 75 20 77 69 74 68 20  61 6c 6c 20 74 68 65 20  |ou with all the |
00000a30  6d 61 69 6e 20 65 64 69  74 69 6e 67 20 66 65 61  |main editing fea|
00000a40  74 75 72 65 73 2e 0a 0a  41 64 64 20 76 65 72 74  |tures...Add vert|
00000a50  69 63 65 20 3a 20 0a 20  20 20 20 54 68 69 73 20  |ice : .    This |
00000a60  6c 65 61 64 73 20 74 6f  20 61 20 77 69 6e 64 6f  |leads to a windo|
00000a70  77 20 77 68 69 63 68 20  6c 65 74 73 20 79 6f 75  |w which lets you|
00000a80  20 65 6e 74 65 72 20 74  68 65 20 58 2c 20 59 20  | enter the X, Y |
00000a90  61 6e 64 20 5a 20 63 6f  6f 72 64 69 6e 61 74 65  |and Z coordinate|
00000aa0  73 0a 6f 66 20 61 20 6e  65 77 20 76 65 72 74 69  |s.of a new verti|
00000ab0  63 65 2e 20 52 45 54 55  52 4e 20 6d 6f 76 65 73  |ce. RETURN moves|
00000ac0  20 74 68 65 20 63 61 72  65 74 20 74 6f 20 74 68  | the caret to th|
00000ad0  65 20 6e 65 78 74 20 69  63 6f 6e 20 61 6e 64 20  |e next icon and |
00000ae0  63 6c 69 63 6b 69 6e 67  20 6f 6e 20 4f 4b 0a 65  |clicking on OK.e|
00000af0  6e 74 65 72 73 20 74 68  65 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 2e  |nters the point.|
00000b00  20 41 6e 20 65 72 72 6f  72 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 62  | An error will b|
00000b10  65 20 67 65 6e 65 72 61  74 65 64 20 69 66 20 79  |e generated if y|
00000b20  6f 75 20 74 72 79 20 74  6f 20 68 61 76 65 20 6d  |ou try to have m|
00000b30  6f 72 65 20 74 68 61 6e  0a 31 30 30 20 76 65 72  |ore than.100 ver|
00000b40  74 69 63 65 73 2e 20 0a  0a 45 64 69 74 20 56 65  |tices. ..Edit Ve|
00000b50  72 74 69 63 65 20 3a 0a  20 20 20 20 54 68 69 73  |rtice :.    This|
00000b60  20 6c 65 61 64 73 20 74  6f 20 61 20 77 69 6e 64  | leads to a wind|
00000b70  6f 77 20 77 68 65 72 65  20 79 6f 75 20 65 6e 74  |ow where you ent|
00000b80  65 72 20 74 68 65 20 6e  75 6d 62 65 72 20 6f 66  |er the number of|
00000b90  20 74 68 65 20 76 65 72  74 69 63 65 20 74 6f 0a  | the vertice to.|
00000ba0  65 64 69 74 2e 20 45 6e  74 65 72 20 74 68 65 20  |edit. Enter the |
00000bb0  6e 75 6d 62 65 72 20 61  6e 64 20 79 6f 75 20 77  |number and you w|
00000bc0  69 6c 6c 20 62 65 20 67  69 76 65 6e 20 61 20 77  |ill be given a w|
00000bd0  69 6e 64 6f 77 20 61 73  20 66 6f 72 20 27 41 64  |indow as for 'Ad|
00000be0  64 20 76 65 72 74 69 63  65 27 2e 0a 0a 41 64 64  |d vertice'...Add|
00000bf0  20 73 75 72 66 61 63 65  20 3a 0a 20 20 20 20 54  | surface :.    T|
00000c00  68 69 73 20 6c 65 61 64  73 20 74 6f 20 61 20 77  |his leads to a w|
00000c10  69 6e 64 6f 77 20 77 68  69 63 68 20 6c 65 74 73  |indow which lets|
00000c20  20 79 6f 75 20 65 6e 74  65 72 20 74 68 65 20 66  | you enter the f|
00000c30  6f 75 72 20 76 65 72 74  69 63 65 73 20 66 6f 72  |our vertices for|
00000c40  20 74 68 65 0a 73 75 72  66 61 63 65 2c 20 69 74  | the.surface, it|
00000c50  73 20 63 6f 6c 6f 75 72  20 61 6e 64 20 69 74 73  |s colour and its|
00000c60  20 74 69 6e 74 2e 20 4e  6f 74 65 20 74 68 61 74  | tint. Note that|
00000c70  20 74 68 65 20 74 69 6e  74 20 69 73 20 61 20 76  | the tint is a v|
00000c80  61 6c 75 65 20 66 72 6f  6d 20 30 20 74 6f 20 33  |alue from 0 to 3|
00000c90  0a 6e 6f 74 20 66 72 6f  6d 20 30 20 74 6f 20 32  |.not from 0 to 2|
00000ca0  35 35 2e 0a 0a 45 64 69  74 20 73 75 72 66 61 63  |55...Edit surfac|
00000cb0  65 20 3a 0a 20 20 20 20  54 68 69 73 20 6c 65 61  |e :.    This lea|
00000cc0  64 73 20 74 6f 20 61 20  77 69 6e 64 6f 77 20 77  |ds to a window w|
00000cd0  68 65 72 65 20 79 6f 75  20 65 6e 74 65 72 20 74  |here you enter t|
00000ce0  68 65 20 73 75 72 66 61  63 65 20 6e 75 6d 62 65  |he surface numbe|
00000cf0  72 20 74 6f 20 65 64 69  74 2e 20 45 6e 74 65 72  |r to edit. Enter|
00000d00  0a 74 68 65 20 6e 75 6d  62 65 72 20 61 6e 64 20  |.the number and |
00000d10  79 6f 75 20 77 69 6c 6c  20 62 65 20 67 69 76 65  |you will be give|
00000d20  6e 20 61 20 77 69 6e 64  6f 77 20 61 73 20 66 6f  |n a window as fo|
00000d30  72 20 27 41 64 64 20 73  75 72 66 61 63 65 27 2e  |r 'Add surface'.|
00000d40  0a 0a 53 77 61 70 20 76  65 72 74 69 63 65 73 20  |..Swap vertices |
00000d50  3a 0a 20 20 20 20 54 68  69 73 20 6c 65 61 64 73  |:.    This leads|
00000d60  20 74 6f 20 61 20 77 69  6e 64 6f 77 20 77 68 65  | to a window whe|
00000d70  72 65 20 79 6f 75 20 65  6e 74 65 72 20 74 68 65  |re you enter the|
00000d80  20 6e 75 6d 62 65 72 20  6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 74  | number of the t|
00000d90  77 6f 20 76 65 72 74 69  63 65 73 0a 77 68 69 63  |wo vertices.whic|
00000da0  68 20 79 6f 75 20 77 61  6e 74 20 74 6f 20 73 77  |h you want to sw|
00000db0  61 70 2e 0a 0a 53 77 61  70 20 73 75 72 66 61 63  |ap...Swap surfac|
00000dc0  65 73 20 3a 0a 20 20 20  20 41 73 20 66 6f 72 20  |es :.    As for |
00000dd0  27 53 77 61 70 20 76 65  72 74 69 63 65 73 27 20  |'Swap vertices' |
00000de0  62 75 74 20 73 77 61 70  73 20 73 75 72 66 61 63  |but swaps surfac|
00000df0  65 73 20 69 6e 73 74 65  61 64 2e 0a 0a 44 65 6c  |es instead...Del|
00000e00  65 74 65 20 76 65 72 74  69 63 65 20 3a 0a 20 20  |ete vertice :.  |
00000e10  20 20 4c 65 61 64 73 20  74 6f 20 61 20 77 69 6e  |  Leads to a win|
00000e20  64 6f 77 20 77 68 65 72  65 20 79 6f 75 20 65 6e  |dow where you en|
00000e30  74 65 72 20 74 68 65 20  6e 75 6d 62 65 72 20 6f  |ter the number o|
00000e40  66 20 74 68 65 20 76 65  72 74 69 63 65 20 77 68  |f the vertice wh|
00000e50  69 63 68 20 79 6f 75 0a  77 61 6e 74 20 74 6f 20  |ich you.want to |
00000e60  64 65 6c 65 74 65 2e 0a  0a 44 65 6c 65 74 65 20  |delete...Delete |
00000e70  53 75 72 66 61 63 65 20  3a 0a 20 20 20 20 41 73  |Surface :.    As|
00000e80  20 66 6f 72 20 27 44 65  6c 65 74 65 20 76 65 72  | for 'Delete ver|
00000e90  74 69 63 65 27 20 62 75  74 20 64 65 6c 65 74 65  |tice' but delete|
00000ea0  73 20 61 20 73 75 72 66  61 63 65 20 69 6e 73 74  |s a surface inst|
00000eb0  65 61 64 2e 0a 0a 41 6e  69 6d 61 74 65 20 3a 0a  |ead...Animate :.|
00000ec0  20 20 20 20 54 68 69 73  20 6c 65 61 64 73 20 74  |    This leads t|
00000ed0  6f 20 61 20 77 69 6e 64  6f 77 20 77 68 65 72 65  |o a window where|
00000ee0  20 79 6f 75 20 65 6e 74  65 72 20 74 68 65 20 61  | you enter the a|
00000ef0  6e 69 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e  20 73 65 71 75 65 6e 63  |nimation sequenc|
00000f00  65 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68  65 0a 6f 62 6a 65 63 74  |e for the.object|
00000f10  2e 20 59 6f 75 20 63 61  6e 20 73 70 65 63 69 66  |. You can specif|
00000f20  79 20 75 70 20 74 6f 20  31 35 20 66 72 61 6d 65  |y up to 15 frame|
00000f30  20 6e 75 6d 62 65 72 73  20 74 6f 20 62 65 20 64  | numbers to be d|
00000f40  69 73 70 6c 61 79 65 64  20 69 6e 20 73 65 71 75  |isplayed in sequ|
00000f50  65 6e 63 65 2e 0a 54 68  65 20 73 65 71 75 65 6e  |ence..The sequen|
00000f60  63 65 20 61 75 74 6f 6d  61 74 69 63 61 6c 6c 79  |ce automatically|
00000f70  20 72 65 73 74 61 72 74  73 20 61 66 74 65 72 20  | restarts after |
00000f80  74 68 65 20 6c 61 73 74  20 66 72 61 6d 65 2e 20  |the last frame. |
00000f90  49 66 20 6c 65 73 73 20  74 68 61 74 20 31 35 0a  |If less that 15.|
00000fa0  66 72 61 6d 65 73 20 61  72 65 20 62 65 69 6e 67  |frames are being|
00000fb0  20 75 73 65 64 20 74 68  65 6e 20 74 68 65 20 6c  | used then the l|
00000fc0  61 73 74 20 65 6e 74 72  79 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65  |ast entry in the|
00000fd0  20 6c 69 73 74 20 73 68  6f 75 6c 64 20 62 65 20  | list should be |
00000fe0  61 20 7a 65 72 6f 2e 0a  43 6c 69 63 6b 20 6f 6e  |a zero..Click on|
00000ff0  20 50 6c 61 79 20 74 6f  20 73 74 61 72 74 20 61  | Play to start a|
00001000  6e 69 6d 61 74 69 6e 67  20 61 6e 64 20 63 6c 69  |nimating and cli|
00001010  63 6b 20 6f 6e 20 53 74  6f 70 20 74 6f 20 66 69  |ck on Stop to fi|
00001020  6e 69 73 68 2e 20 54 68  65 0a 6d 75 6c 74 69 2d  |nish. The.multi-|
00001030  74 61 73 6b 69 6e 67 20  6e 61 74 75 72 65 20 6f  |tasking nature o|
00001040  66 20 74 68 65 20 64 65  73 6b 74 6f 70 20 6d 65  |f the desktop me|
00001050  61 6e 73 20 74 68 61 74  20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6e  |ans that the con|
00001060  74 72 6f 6c 20 77 69 6e  64 6f 77 20 63 61 6e 20  |trol window can |
00001070  73 74 69 6c 6c 0a 62 65  20 75 73 65 64 20 77 68  |still.be used wh|
00001080  69 6c 65 20 74 68 65 20  6f 62 6a 65 63 74 20 69  |ile the object i|
00001090  73 20 61 6e 69 6d 61 74  69 6e 67 2e 20 45 64 69  |s animating. Edi|
000010a0  74 69 6e 67 20 63 61 6e  20 73 74 69 6c 6c 20 62  |ting can still b|
000010b0  65 20 70 65 72 66 6f 72  6d 65 64 0a 61 6c 74 68  |e performed.alth|
000010c0  6f 75 67 68 20 69 74 20  69 73 20 6f 66 20 6c 69  |ough it is of li|
000010d0  74 74 6c 65 20 75 73 65  20 61 73 20 79 6f 75 20  |ttle use as you |
000010e0  63 61 6e 27 74 20 74 65  6c 6c 20 77 68 69 63 68  |can't tell which|
000010f0  20 66 72 61 6d 65 20 74  68 65 20 66 75 6e 63 74  | frame the funct|
00001100  69 6f 6e 20 69 73 0a 67  6f 69 6e 67 20 74 6f 20  |ion is.going to |
00001110  61 63 74 20 6f 6e 2e 0a  0a 43 6c 65 61 72 20 66  |act on...Clear f|
00001120  72 61 6d 65 20 3a 0a 20  20 20 20 54 68 69 73 20  |rame :.    This |
00001130  6c 65 61 64 73 20 74 6f  20 61 20 77 69 6e 64 6f  |leads to a windo|
00001140  77 20 77 68 65 72 65 20  79 6f 75 20 63 6f 6e 66  |w where you conf|
00001150  69 72 6d 20 74 68 61 74  20 79 6f 75 20 77 61 6e  |irm that you wan|
00001160  74 20 74 6f 20 63 6c 65  61 72 20 74 68 65 0a 63  |t to clear the.c|
00001170  75 72 72 65 6e 74 20 66  72 61 6d 65 2e 20 54 68  |urrent frame. Th|
00001180  69 73 20 73 69 6d 70 6c  79 20 6d 65 61 6e 73 20  |is simply means |
00001190  74 68 61 74 20 61 6c 6c  20 74 68 65 20 73 75 72  |that all the sur|
000011a0  66 61 63 65 73 20 61 6e  64 20 76 65 72 74 69 63  |faces and vertic|
000011b0  65 73 20 61 72 65 0a 64  65 6c 65 74 65 64 2e 0a  |es are.deleted..|
000011c0  0a 46 72 61 6d 65 20 6e  75 6d 62 65 72 20 3a 0a  |.Frame number :.|
000011d0  20 20 20 20 54 68 69 73  20 6c 65 61 64 73 20 74  |    This leads t|
000011e0  6f 20 61 20 77 69 6e 64  6f 77 20 77 68 65 72 65  |o a window where|
000011f0  20 79 6f 75 20 65 6e 74  65 72 20 74 68 65 20 6e  | you enter the n|
00001200  75 6d 62 65 72 20 6f 66  20 74 68 65 20 66 72 61  |umber of the fra|
00001210  6d 65 20 79 6f 75 20 77  69 73 68 0a 74 6f 20 76  |me you wish.to v|
00001220  69 65 77 2e 0a 0a 41 64  64 20 66 72 61 6d 65 20  |iew...Add frame |
00001230  3a 0a 20 20 20 20 57 68  65 6e 20 73 65 6c 65 63  |:.    When selec|
00001240  74 65 64 2c 20 74 68 69  73 20 61 64 64 73 20 61  |ted, this adds a|
00001250  6e 6f 74 68 65 72 20 66  72 61 6d 65 20 74 6f 20  |nother frame to |
00001260  74 68 65 20 6f 62 6a 65  63 74 20 75 70 20 74 6f  |the object up to|
00001270  20 61 20 6d 61 78 69 6d  75 6d 20 6f 66 0a 31 35  | a maximum of.15|
00001280  2e 0a 0a 43 6f 70 79 20  46 72 61 6d 65 20 3a 0a  |...Copy Frame :.|
00001290  20 20 20 20 54 68 69 73  20 6c 65 61 64 73 20 74  |    This leads t|
000012a0  6f 20 61 20 77 69 6e 64  6f 77 20 77 68 65 72 65  |o a window where|
000012b0  20 79 6f 75 20 65 6e 74  65 72 20 74 68 65 20 6e  | you enter the n|
000012c0  75 6d 62 65 72 20 6f 66  20 74 68 65 20 66 72 61  |umber of the fra|
000012d0  6d 65 20 74 6f 20 63 6f  70 79 0a 61 6e 64 20 74  |me to copy.and t|
000012e0  68 65 20 66 72 61 6d 65  20 74 6f 20 63 6f 70 79  |he frame to copy|
000012f0  20 74 6f 20 69 6e 20 74  68 61 74 20 6f 72 64 65  | to in that orde|
00001300  72 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 20  46 69 67 75 72 65 20 28  |r...    Figure (|
00001310  69 69 69 29 20 73 68 6f  77 73 20 77 68 61 74 20  |iii) shows what |
00001320  74 68 65 20 6d 65 6e 75  20 6c 6f 6f 6b 73 20 6c  |the menu looks l|
00001330  69 6b 65 2e 0a 0a 4c 4f  41 44 49 4e 47 2e 2e 2e  |ike...LOADING...|
00001340  0a 0a 20 20 20 20 54 68  65 72 65 20 61 72 65 20  |..    There are |
00001350  73 65 76 65 72 61 6c 20  77 61 79 73 20 74 6f 20  |several ways to |
00001360  6c 6f 61 64 20 61 6e 20  6f 62 6a 65 63 74 20 66  |load an object f|
00001370  69 6c 65 2e 20 4f 6e 63  65 20 74 68 65 20 61 70  |ile. Once the ap|
00001380  70 6c 69 63 61 74 69 6f  6e 20 69 73 0a 6c 6f 61  |plication is.loa|
00001390  64 65 64 20 79 6f 75 20  63 61 6e 20 64 6f 75 62  |ded you can doub|
000013a0  6c 65 20 63 6c 69 63 6b  20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20  |le click on the |
000013b0  66 69 6c 65 20 79 6f 75  20 77 61 6e 74 20 74 6f  |file you want to|
000013c0  20 6c 6f 61 64 2c 20 64  72 61 67 20 69 74 20 6f  | load, drag it o|
000013d0  6e 74 6f 20 74 68 65 0a  61 70 70 6c 69 63 61 74  |nto the.applicat|
000013e0  69 6f 6e 73 20 69 63 6f  6e 20 6f 72 20 64 72 61  |ions icon or dra|
000013f0  67 20 69 74 20 69 6e 74  6f 20 74 68 65 20 76 69  |g it into the vi|
00001400  65 77 20 77 69 6e 64 6f  77 2e 0a 0a 48 49 4e 54  |ew window...HINT|
00001410  53 20 41 4e 44 20 54 49  50 53 2e 2e 2e 0a 0a 20  |S AND TIPS..... |
00001420  20 20 20 54 68 65 72 65  20 61 72 65 20 73 6f 6d  |   There are som|
00001430  65 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 73  20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 74  |e points about t|
00001440  68 65 20 70 72 6f 67 72  61 6d 20 77 68 69 63 68  |he program which|
00001450  20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20  62 65 20 75 6e 64 65 72  | should be under|
00001460  73 74 6f 6f 64 20 69 66  0a 74 68 65 20 70 72 6f  |stood if.the pro|
00001470  67 72 61 6d 20 69 73 20  74 6f 20 62 65 20 75 73  |gram is to be us|
00001480  65 64 20 70 72 6f 70 65  72 6c 79 2e 0a 0a 20 20  |ed properly...  |
00001490  20 20 69 29 20 53 75 72  66 61 63 65 73 20 77 68  |  i) Surfaces wh|
000014a0  69 63 68 20 61 72 65 20  74 6f 20 62 65 20 76 69  |ich are to be vi|
000014b0  73 69 62 6c 65 20 66 72  6f 6d 20 62 6f 74 68 20  |sible from both |
000014c0  73 69 64 65 73 20 28 65  2e 67 2e 20 74 68 65 20  |sides (e.g. the |
000014d0  6c 65 67 73 20 69 6e 0a  66 69 67 75 72 65 20 28  |legs in.figure (|
000014e0  76 29 29 20 73 68 6f 75  6c 64 20 62 65 20 64 65  |v)) should be de|
000014f0  66 69 6e 65 64 20 61 73  20 61 20 70 61 69 72 20  |fined as a pair |
00001500  6f 66 20 73 75 72 66 61  63 65 73 2e 20 54 68 65  |of surfaces. The|
00001510  20 73 65 63 6f 6e 64 20  73 75 72 66 61 63 65 0a  | second surface.|
00001520  73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 68  61 76 65 20 69 74 73 20  |should have its |
00001530  76 65 72 74 69 63 65 73  20 6c 69 73 74 65 64 20  |vertices listed |
00001540  69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 6f  70 70 6f 73 69 74 65 20  |in the opposite |
00001550  6f 72 64 65 72 20 77 68  69 6c 65 20 72 65 6d 65  |order while reme|
00001560  6d 62 65 72 69 6e 67 20  74 68 61 74 0a 69 6e 20  |mbering that.in |
00001570  74 72 69 61 6e 67 6c 65  73 2c 20 69 74 20 6d 75  |triangles, it mu|
00001580  73 74 20 61 6c 77 61 79  73 20 62 65 20 74 68 65  |st always be the|
00001590  20 6c 61 73 74 20 74 77  6f 20 76 65 72 74 69 63  | last two vertic|
000015a0  65 73 20 77 68 69 63 68  20 75 73 65 20 74 68 65  |es which use the|
000015b0  20 73 61 6d 65 0a 70 6f  69 6e 74 2e 0a 0a 20 20  | same.point...  |
000015c0  20 69 69 29 20 57 68 65  72 65 20 74 77 6f 20 73  | ii) Where two s|
000015d0  75 72 66 61 63 65 73 20  61 72 65 20 74 68 65 20  |urfaces are the |
000015e0  73 61 6d 65 20 64 69 73  74 61 6e 63 65 20 66 72  |same distance fr|
000015f0  6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 76  69 65 77 70 6f 69 6e 74  |om the viewpoint|
00001600  2c 20 74 68 65 79 20 61  72 65 0a 70 6c 6f 74 74  |, they are.plott|
00001610  65 64 20 69 6e 20 61 73  63 65 6e 64 69 6e 67 20  |ed in ascending |
00001620  6e 75 6d 65 72 69 63 61  6c 20 6f 72 64 65 72 2e  |numerical order.|
00001630  20 54 68 69 73 20 69 73  20 69 6d 70 6f 72 74 61  | This is importa|
00001640  6e 74 20 66 6f 72 20 73  75 72 66 61 63 65 20 64  |nt for surface d|
00001650  65 74 61 69 6c 0a 73 75  63 68 20 61 73 20 74 68  |etail.such as th|
00001660  65 20 6c 69 67 68 74 73  20 69 6e 20 66 69 67 75  |e lights in figu|
00001670  72 65 20 28 76 29 2e 20  49 66 20 74 68 65 20 6c  |re (v). If the l|
00001680  69 67 68 74 73 20 68 61  64 20 6c 6f 77 65 72 20  |ights had lower |
00001690  73 75 72 66 61 63 65 20  6e 75 6d 62 65 72 73 0a  |surface numbers.|
000016a0  74 68 61 6e 20 74 68 65  69 72 20 62 61 63 6b 67  |than their backg|
000016b0  72 6f 75 6e 64 20 74 68  65 6e 20 74 68 65 79 20  |round then they |
000016c0  77 6f 75 6c 64 20 62 65  20 70 6c 6f 74 74 65 64  |would be plotted|
000016d0  20 66 69 72 73 74 20 61  6e 64 20 74 68 65 6e 20  | first and then |
000016e0  6f 62 6c 69 74 65 72 61  74 65 64 0a 62 79 20 74  |obliterated.by t|
000016f0  68 65 69 72 20 62 61 63  6b 69 6e 67 20 73 75 72  |heir backing sur|
00001700  66 61 63 65 2e 20 54 68  75 73 20 69 74 20 69 73  |face. Thus it is|
00001710  20 69 6d 70 6f 72 74 61  6e 74 20 74 6f 20 61 64  | important to ad|
00001720  64 20 74 68 65 20 73 75  72 66 61 63 65 20 64 65  |d the surface de|
00001730  74 61 69 6c 0a 6c 61 73  74 2e 20 49 66 20 61 20  |tail.last. If a |
00001740  63 6c 61 73 68 20 64 6f  65 73 20 6f 63 63 75 72  |clash does occur|
00001750  20 74 68 65 6e 20 27 53  77 61 70 20 73 75 72 66  | then 'Swap surf|
00001760  61 63 65 73 27 20 63 61  6e 20 62 65 20 75 73 65  |aces' can be use|
00001770  64 20 74 6f 20 72 65 63  74 69 66 79 20 74 68 65  |d to rectify the|
00001780  0a 73 69 74 75 61 74 69  6f 6e 2e 0a 0a 20 20 69  |.situation...  i|
00001790  69 69 29 20 57 68 65 6e  20 61 20 73 75 72 66 61  |ii) When a surfa|
000017a0  63 65 20 69 73 20 64 65  66 69 6e 65 64 2c 20 69  |ce is defined, i|
000017b0  74 20 6d 61 79 20 6e 6f  74 20 61 70 70 65 61 72  |t may not appear|
000017c0  20 77 68 65 6e 20 65 78  70 65 63 74 65 64 2e 20  | when expected. |
000017d0  49 66 20 74 68 69 73 0a  68 61 70 70 65 6e 73 2c  |If this.happens,|
000017e0  20 69 74 20 6d 61 79 20  62 65 20 62 65 63 61 75  | it may be becau|
000017f0  73 65 20 74 68 65 20 76  65 72 74 69 63 65 73 20  |se the vertices |
00001800  61 72 65 20 74 68 65 20  77 72 6f 6e 67 20 77 61  |are the wrong wa|
00001810  79 20 72 6f 75 6e 64 20  61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 0a  |y round and the.|
00001820  70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20  74 68 69 6e 6b 73 20 74  |program thinks t|
00001830  68 65 20 73 75 72 66 61  63 65 20 73 68 6f 75 6c  |he surface shoul|
00001840  64 20 62 65 20 76 69 73  69 62 6c 65 20 66 72 6f  |d be visible fro|
00001850  6d 20 74 68 65 20 77 72  6f 6e 67 20 73 69 64 65  |m the wrong side|
00001860  2e 20 54 72 79 0a 63 68  61 6e 67 69 6e 67 20 72  |. Try.changing r|
00001870  6f 75 6e 64 20 74 68 65  20 76 65 72 74 69 63 65  |ound the vertice|
00001880  73 20 74 69 6c 6c 20 69  74 20 61 70 70 65 61 72  |s till it appear|
00001890  73 2e 20 41 73 20 61 20  67 65 6e 65 72 61 6c 20  |s. As a general |
000018a0  72 75 6c 65 2c 20 65 6e  74 65 72 20 74 68 65 0a  |rule, enter the.|
000018b0  76 65 72 74 69 63 65 73  20 67 6f 69 6e 67 20 72  |vertices going r|
000018c0  6f 75 6e 64 20 74 68 65  20 66 6f 75 72 20 63 6f  |ound the four co|
000018d0  72 6e 65 72 73 20 69 6e  20 61 6e 20 61 6e 74 69  |rners in an anti|
000018e0  2d 63 6c 6f 63 6b 77 69  73 65 20 64 69 72 65 63  |-clockwise direc|
000018f0  74 69 6f 6e 20 77 68 65  6e 0a 6c 6f 6f 6b 69 6e  |tion when.lookin|
00001900  67 20 61 74 20 69 74 20  66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65  |g at it from the|
00001910  20 27 76 69 73 69 62 6c  65 27 20 73 69 64 65 2e  | 'visible' side.|
00001920  0a 0a 41 4e 44 20 46 49  4e 41 4c 4c 59 2e 2e 2e  |..AND FINALLY...|
00001930  0a 0a 20 20 20 20 54 68  61 74 20 69 73 20 61 6c  |..    That is al|
00001940  6c 20 74 68 65 72 65 20  69 73 20 74 6f 20 67 65  |l there is to ge|
00001950  6e 65 72 61 74 69 6e 67  20 61 6e 64 20 61 6e 69  |nerating and ani|
00001960  6d 61 74 69 6e 67 20 79  6f 75 72 20 6f 77 6e 20  |mating your own |
00001970  33 44 20 73 6f 6c 69 64  73 2e 20 49 6e 0a 74 68  |3D solids. In.th|
00001980  65 20 27 4f 62 6a 65 63  74 73 27 20 64 69 72 65  |e 'Objects' dire|
00001990  63 74 6f 72 79 20 61 72  65 20 73 6f 6d 65 20 6f  |ctory are some o|
000019a0  66 20 74 68 65 20 6f 62  6a 65 63 74 73 20 49 20  |f the objects I |
000019b0  63 72 65 61 74 65 64 20  77 68 69 6c 65 20 77 72  |created while wr|
000019c0  69 74 69 6e 67 20 74 68  65 0a 70 72 6f 67 72 61  |iting the.progra|
000019d0  6d 2e 20 54 68 65 20 27  57 61 6c 6b 65 72 27 20  |m. The 'Walker' |
000019e0  72 6f 62 6f 74 20 77 61  6c 6b 73 20 69 6e 20 74  |robot walks in t|
000019f0  65 6e 20 66 72 61 6d 65  73 20 61 6e 64 20 27 53  |en frames and 'S|
00001a00  70 61 63 65 73 68 69 70  32 27 20 66 6c 61 70 73  |paceship2' flaps|
00001a10  20 69 74 73 0a 77 69 6e  67 73 20 69 6e 20 66 69  | its.wings in fi|
00001a20  76 65 20 66 72 61 6d 65  73 2e 20 49 20 61 6d 20  |ve frames. I am |
00001a30  73 75 72 65 20 74 68 61  74 20 79 6f 75 20 63 61  |sure that you ca|
00001a40  6e 20 63 6f 6d 65 20 75  70 20 77 69 74 68 20 6d  |n come up with m|
00001a50  61 6e 79 20 6d 6f 72 65  0a 69 6e 74 65 72 65 73  |any more.interes|
00001a60  74 69 6e 67 20 73 68 61  70 65 73 20 62 75 74 20  |ting shapes but |
00001a70  65 76 65 6e 20 67 65 6e  65 72 61 74 69 6e 67 20  |even generating |
00001a80  73 69 6d 70 6c 65 20 73  68 61 70 65 73 20 63 61  |simple shapes ca|
00001a90  6e 20 62 65 20 76 65 72  79 20 72 65 77 61 72 64  |n be very reward|
00001aa0  69 6e 67 0a 61 6e 64 20  49 20 68 6f 70 65 20 74  |ing.and I hope t|
00001ab0  68 61 74 20 79 6f 75 20  66 69 6e 64 20 74 68 65  |hat you find the|
00001ac0  20 65 66 66 6f 72 74 20  77 6f 72 74 68 77 68 69  | effort worthwhi|
00001ad0  6c 65 2c 20 49 20 63 65  72 74 61 69 6e 6c 79 20  |le, I certainly |
00001ae0  64 69 64 2e 0a 0a 4a 6f  68 6e 20 57 68 69 67 68  |did...John Whigh|
00001af0  61 6d                                             |am|
00001af2

© Dominic Ford 2021–2025.

Our privacy policy is here.
Last updated: 01 May 2025, 21:49 UTC
Website designed by .