Home » Archimedes archive » Zipped Apps » Orrery » !Solar/Describe/Jupiter
!Solar/Describe/Jupiter
This website contains an archive of files for the Acorn Electron, BBC Micro, Acorn Archimedes, Commodore 16 and Commodore 64 computers, which Dominic Ford has rescued from his private collection of floppy disks and cassettes.
Some of these files were originally commercial releases in the 1980s and 1990s, but they are now widely available online. I assume that copyright over them is no longer being asserted. If you own the copyright and would like files to be removed, please contact me.
| Tape/disk: | Home » Archimedes archive » Zipped Apps » Orrery |
| Filename: | !Solar/Describe/Jupiter |
| Read OK: | ✔ |
| File size: | 070B bytes |
| Load address: | 0000 |
| Exec address: | 0000 |
File contents
Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun, and is easily the largest planet in the solar system. It is orbited by sixteen moons, only four of which have significant size, Ganymede, Callisto, Io and Europa. Jupiter is referred to as a "gas giant", meaning that it is nearly all atmosphere, with a relatively small solid core. This very deep atmosphere is composed mainly of hydrogen and helium, with the upper clouds being formed from droplets of ammonia. The visible surface of the atmosphere is very vivid, showing distinct features and weather systems. One such feature is the Great Red Spot, which has been identified as a whirling storm rotating clockwise once every 12 days. Clearly visible as well, are bands representing different currents occurring in the cool Jovian atmosphere. These can be seen to rotate, with the polar regions moving slower than the equatorial regions. The planets size creates enormous pressure at its core, and as such produces large amounts of radiation and heat. The core temperature may be as high as 30,000 degrees C. The radiation belts extend far beyond the planet into space and provide a lethal environment for spacefaring craft that venture too close. The planet also produces a powerful magnetic field. It is interesting to note that had the planet been somewhat more massive than it is, it would be classified as a star, with enough gravitational pressure to initiate nuclear fusion in its core and may have shone with its own light giving a solar system with two stars (A commonly observed occurrence in other parts of the Galaxy). Close up details of Jupiter and its moons have been received by various probes launched since 1972. The first to arrive was Pioneer 10 in 1973, followed by Pioneer 11 and Voyagers 1 and 2 in 1979.
00000000 4a 75 70 69 74 65 72 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 66 |Jupiter is the f| 00000010 69 66 74 68 20 70 6c 61 6e 65 74 20 66 72 6f 6d |ifth planet from| 00000020 20 74 68 65 20 53 75 6e 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 69 73 | the Sun, and is| 00000030 20 65 61 73 69 6c 79 20 74 68 65 20 0a 6c 61 72 | easily the .lar| 00000040 67 65 73 74 20 70 6c 61 6e 65 74 20 69 6e 20 74 |gest planet in t| 00000050 68 65 20 73 6f 6c 61 72 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d 2e |he solar system.| 00000060 20 49 74 20 69 73 20 6f 72 62 69 74 65 64 20 62 | It is orbited b| 00000070 79 20 73 69 78 74 65 65 6e 20 0a 6d 6f 6f 6e 73 |y sixteen .moons| 00000080 2c 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 66 6f 75 72 20 6f 66 20 77 |, only four of w| 00000090 68 69 63 68 20 68 61 76 65 20 73 69 67 6e 69 66 |hich have signif| 000000a0 69 63 61 6e 74 20 73 69 7a 65 2c 20 47 61 6e 79 |icant size, Gany| 000000b0 6d 65 64 65 2c 20 0a 43 61 6c 6c 69 73 74 6f 2c |mede, .Callisto,| 000000c0 20 49 6f 20 61 6e 64 20 45 75 72 6f 70 61 2e 20 | Io and Europa. | 000000d0 4a 75 70 69 74 65 72 20 69 73 20 72 65 66 65 72 |Jupiter is refer| 000000e0 72 65 64 20 74 6f 20 61 73 20 61 20 22 67 61 73 |red to as a "gas| 000000f0 20 0a 67 69 61 6e 74 22 2c 20 6d 65 61 6e 69 6e | .giant", meanin| 00000100 67 20 74 68 61 74 20 69 74 20 69 73 20 6e 65 61 |g that it is nea| 00000110 72 6c 79 20 61 6c 6c 20 61 74 6d 6f 73 70 68 65 |rly all atmosphe| 00000120 72 65 2c 20 77 69 74 68 20 61 20 0a 72 65 6c 61 |re, with a .rela| 00000130 74 69 76 65 6c 79 20 73 6d 61 6c 6c 20 73 6f 6c |tively small sol| 00000140 69 64 20 63 6f 72 65 2e 20 54 68 69 73 20 76 65 |id core. This ve| 00000150 72 79 20 64 65 65 70 20 61 74 6d 6f 73 70 68 65 |ry deep atmosphe| 00000160 72 65 20 69 73 20 0a 63 6f 6d 70 6f 73 65 64 20 |re is .composed | 00000170 6d 61 69 6e 6c 79 20 6f 66 20 68 79 64 72 6f 67 |mainly of hydrog| 00000180 65 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 68 65 6c 69 75 6d 2c 20 77 |en and helium, w| 00000190 69 74 68 20 74 68 65 20 75 70 70 65 72 20 63 6c |ith the upper cl| 000001a0 6f 75 64 73 20 0a 62 65 69 6e 67 20 66 6f 72 6d |ouds .being form| 000001b0 65 64 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 64 72 6f 70 6c 65 74 73 |ed from droplets| 000001c0 20 6f 66 20 61 6d 6d 6f 6e 69 61 2e 20 54 68 65 | of ammonia. The| 000001d0 20 76 69 73 69 62 6c 65 20 73 75 72 66 61 63 65 | visible surface| 000001e0 20 6f 66 20 0a 74 68 65 20 61 74 6d 6f 73 70 68 | of .the atmosph| 000001f0 65 72 65 20 69 73 20 76 65 72 79 20 76 69 76 69 |ere is very vivi| 00000200 64 2c 20 73 68 6f 77 69 6e 67 20 64 69 73 74 69 |d, showing disti| 00000210 6e 63 74 20 66 65 61 74 75 72 65 73 20 61 6e 64 |nct features and| 00000220 20 0a 77 65 61 74 68 65 72 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d | .weather system| 00000230 73 2e 20 4f 6e 65 20 73 75 63 68 20 66 65 61 74 |s. One such feat| 00000240 75 72 65 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 47 72 65 61 74 |ure is the Great| 00000250 20 52 65 64 20 53 70 6f 74 2c 20 77 68 69 63 68 | Red Spot, which| 00000260 20 0a 68 61 73 20 62 65 65 6e 20 69 64 65 6e 74 | .has been ident| 00000270 69 66 69 65 64 20 61 73 20 61 20 77 68 69 72 6c |ified as a whirl| 00000280 69 6e 67 20 73 74 6f 72 6d 20 72 6f 74 61 74 69 |ing storm rotati| 00000290 6e 67 20 63 6c 6f 63 6b 77 69 73 65 20 6f 6e 63 |ng clockwise onc| 000002a0 65 20 0a 65 76 65 72 79 20 31 32 20 64 61 79 73 |e .every 12 days| 000002b0 2e 20 43 6c 65 61 72 6c 79 20 76 69 73 69 62 6c |. Clearly visibl| 000002c0 65 20 61 73 20 77 65 6c 6c 2c 20 61 72 65 20 62 |e as well, are b| 000002d0 61 6e 64 73 20 72 65 70 72 65 73 65 6e 74 69 6e |ands representin| 000002e0 67 20 0a 64 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e 74 20 63 75 72 |g .different cur| 000002f0 72 65 6e 74 73 20 6f 63 63 75 72 72 69 6e 67 20 |rents occurring | 00000300 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6f 6c 20 4a 6f 76 69 |in the cool Jovi| 00000310 61 6e 20 61 74 6d 6f 73 70 68 65 72 65 2e 20 54 |an atmosphere. T| 00000320 68 65 73 65 20 0a 63 61 6e 20 62 65 20 73 65 65 |hese .can be see| 00000330 6e 20 74 6f 20 72 6f 74 61 74 65 2c 20 77 69 74 |n to rotate, wit| 00000340 68 20 74 68 65 20 70 6f 6c 61 72 20 72 65 67 69 |h the polar regi| 00000350 6f 6e 73 20 6d 6f 76 69 6e 67 20 73 6c 6f 77 65 |ons moving slowe| 00000360 72 20 0a 74 68 61 6e 20 74 68 65 20 65 71 75 61 |r .than the equa| 00000370 74 6f 72 69 61 6c 20 72 65 67 69 6f 6e 73 2e 0a |torial regions..| 00000380 0a 54 68 65 20 70 6c 61 6e 65 74 73 20 73 69 7a |.The planets siz| 00000390 65 20 63 72 65 61 74 65 73 20 65 6e 6f 72 6d 6f |e creates enormo| 000003a0 75 73 20 70 72 65 73 73 75 72 65 20 61 74 20 69 |us pressure at i| 000003b0 74 73 20 63 6f 72 65 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 61 73 20 |ts core, and as | 000003c0 0a 73 75 63 68 20 70 72 6f 64 75 63 65 73 20 6c |.such produces l| 000003d0 61 72 67 65 20 61 6d 6f 75 6e 74 73 20 6f 66 20 |arge amounts of | 000003e0 72 61 64 69 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 68 65 |radiation and he| 000003f0 61 74 2e 20 54 68 65 20 0a 63 6f 72 65 20 74 65 |at. The .core te| 00000400 6d 70 65 72 61 74 75 72 65 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 |mperature may be| 00000410 20 61 73 20 68 69 67 68 20 61 73 20 33 30 2c 30 | as high as 30,0| 00000420 30 30 20 64 65 67 72 65 65 73 20 43 2e 20 54 68 |00 degrees C. Th| 00000430 65 20 0a 72 61 64 69 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 62 65 6c |e .radiation bel| 00000440 74 73 20 65 78 74 65 6e 64 20 66 61 72 20 62 65 |ts extend far be| 00000450 79 6f 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 70 6c 61 6e 65 74 20 |yond the planet | 00000460 69 6e 74 6f 20 73 70 61 63 65 20 61 6e 64 20 0a |into space and .| 00000470 70 72 6f 76 69 64 65 20 61 20 6c 65 74 68 61 6c |provide a lethal| 00000480 20 65 6e 76 69 72 6f 6e 6d 65 6e 74 20 66 6f 72 | environment for| 00000490 20 73 70 61 63 65 66 61 72 69 6e 67 20 63 72 61 | spacefaring cra| 000004a0 66 74 20 74 68 61 74 20 76 65 6e 74 75 72 65 20 |ft that venture | 000004b0 0a 74 6f 6f 20 63 6c 6f 73 65 2e 20 54 68 65 20 |.too close. The | 000004c0 70 6c 61 6e 65 74 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 70 72 6f 64 |planet also prod| 000004d0 75 63 65 73 20 61 20 70 6f 77 65 72 66 75 6c 20 |uces a powerful | 000004e0 6d 61 67 6e 65 74 69 63 20 66 69 65 6c 64 2e 20 |magnetic field. | 000004f0 0a 49 74 20 69 73 20 69 6e 74 65 72 65 73 74 69 |.It is interesti| 00000500 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 6e 6f 74 65 20 74 68 61 74 20 |ng to note that | 00000510 68 61 64 20 74 68 65 20 70 6c 61 6e 65 74 20 62 |had the planet b| 00000520 65 65 6e 20 73 6f 6d 65 77 68 61 74 20 0a 6d 6f |een somewhat .mo| 00000530 72 65 20 6d 61 73 73 69 76 65 20 74 68 61 6e 20 |re massive than | 00000540 69 74 20 69 73 2c 20 69 74 20 77 6f 75 6c 64 20 |it is, it would | 00000550 62 65 20 63 6c 61 73 73 69 66 69 65 64 20 61 73 |be classified as| 00000560 20 61 20 73 74 61 72 2c 20 77 69 74 68 20 0a 65 | a star, with .e| 00000570 6e 6f 75 67 68 20 67 72 61 76 69 74 61 74 69 6f |nough gravitatio| 00000580 6e 61 6c 20 70 72 65 73 73 75 72 65 20 74 6f 20 |nal pressure to | 00000590 69 6e 69 74 69 61 74 65 20 6e 75 63 6c 65 61 72 |initiate nuclear| 000005a0 20 66 75 73 69 6f 6e 20 69 6e 20 69 74 73 20 0a | fusion in its .| 000005b0 63 6f 72 65 20 61 6e 64 20 6d 61 79 20 68 61 76 |core and may hav| 000005c0 65 20 73 68 6f 6e 65 20 77 69 74 68 20 69 74 73 |e shone with its| 000005d0 20 6f 77 6e 20 6c 69 67 68 74 20 67 69 76 69 6e | own light givin| 000005e0 67 20 61 20 73 6f 6c 61 72 20 0a 73 79 73 74 65 |g a solar .syste| 000005f0 6d 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 77 6f 20 73 74 61 72 73 |m with two stars| 00000600 20 28 41 20 63 6f 6d 6d 6f 6e 6c 79 20 6f 62 73 | (A commonly obs| 00000610 65 72 76 65 64 20 6f 63 63 75 72 72 65 6e 63 65 |erved occurrence| 00000620 20 69 6e 20 6f 74 68 65 72 20 0a 70 61 72 74 73 | in other .parts| 00000630 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 47 61 6c 61 78 79 29 2e | of the Galaxy).| 00000640 0a 0a 43 6c 6f 73 65 20 75 70 20 64 65 74 61 69 |..Close up detai| 00000650 6c 73 20 6f 66 20 4a 75 70 69 74 65 72 20 61 6e |ls of Jupiter an| 00000660 64 20 69 74 73 20 6d 6f 6f 6e 73 20 68 61 76 65 |d its moons have| 00000670 20 62 65 65 6e 20 72 65 63 65 69 76 65 64 20 62 | been received b| 00000680 79 20 0a 76 61 72 69 6f 75 73 20 70 72 6f 62 65 |y .various probe| 00000690 73 20 6c 61 75 6e 63 68 65 64 20 73 69 6e 63 65 |s launched since| 000006a0 20 31 39 37 32 2e 20 54 68 65 20 66 69 72 73 74 | 1972. The first| 000006b0 20 74 6f 20 61 72 72 69 76 65 20 77 61 73 20 0a | to arrive was .| 000006c0 50 69 6f 6e 65 65 72 20 31 30 20 69 6e 20 31 39 |Pioneer 10 in 19| 000006d0 37 33 2c 20 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 65 64 20 62 79 20 |73, followed by | 000006e0 50 69 6f 6e 65 65 72 20 31 31 20 61 6e 64 20 56 |Pioneer 11 and V| 000006f0 6f 79 61 67 65 72 73 20 31 20 61 6e 64 20 32 20 |oyagers 1 and 2 | 00000700 0a 69 6e 20 31 39 37 39 2e 0a 0a |.in 1979...| 0000070b
.