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F/+ADCOM1
This website contains an archive of files for the Acorn Electron, BBC Micro, Acorn Archimedes, Commodore 16 and Commodore 64 computers, which Dominic Ford has rescued from his private collection of floppy disks and cassettes.
Some of these files were originally commercial releases in the 1980s and 1990s, but they are now widely available online. I assume that copyright over them is no longer being asserted. If you own the copyright and would like files to be removed, please contact me.
Tape/disk: | Home » Personal collection » Acorn ADFS disks » Electron_User_Group » EUG_27.ADF |
Filename: | F/+ADCOM1 |
Read OK: | ✔ |
File size: | 13DF bytes |
Load address: | 2B204556 |
Exec address: | 4F434441 |
File contents
�..>......*.......*.......*.......*.......*.......*.......*.......*.....< ********************************************************************** Vine Micros ADDCOMM ROM Tony Boarer 214 Dunraven Drive Derriford Plymouth PL6 6AZ 01752 771276 ********************************************************************** My version of this ROM is 1.30, which is switched on when the computer is powered up. Version 1.31 is the "off" version on power up and is switched on by *FX163,0/BREAK. As I have said before a ROM image of version 1.30 has to switched on after *RLOAD ADDCOMM Rid by CTRL/BREAK, *FX163,0/RETURN/BREAK. But another thing that I have found since having the ADDCOMM ROM image put into my last ROM128 is that it crashes the computer on power up. So I suspected that this was because the latest ROM128 is in Page 13 and therefore above BASIC. I confirmed this by placing my own ROM image in the battery backed RAM in Page 15 both write and non-write protected and in both cases the computer crashed on power up. Previously I had always LOADed the image into my 16k module in Page 7 and switched on with the above stated procedure. I should really have twigged this would happen for ADDCOMM allows it's commands to be used in BASIC programs without any * prefix. It is an interesting ROM with four groups of commands:- 1. Enhanced graphics 2. LOGO/TURTLE graphics 3. Toolkit commands 4. Miscellaneous statements In the enhanced graphics a big advantage in making up pretty pictures, for example, is that the screen can be scaled to any dimension positive or negative, and choosing a scale like x(0,10),y(0,10) makes later selection of co-ordinates much easier for colouring in one's creation which, in my case, can printed out in colour. MODE2 obviously gives a wide scope with the CFILL and FILL commands. This is because the CFILL command can take two forms, viz:- CFILLa,b,c,d or CFILLa,b,c,d,e,f,g,h , where the first is a block of 2 x 2 pixels and the second a block of 2 x 4 pixels. Quite clearly complex colouring can be produced by permutating the selection of individual pixels. The following simple program gives some idea on what can be done:- 5 INPUT"MODE required M%";M% 10 MODEM% 12IF M%=2 GOTO15ELSE20 15GCOL0,132:CLG 20SCALE-10,10,-10,10 30FOR angle=0 TO 180 STEP45 40ROTATE0,0,angle 50ELLIPSE0,0,3,6 60NEXT angle 70CFILL1,1,1,1 80FILL0,0 90CFILL1,3,3,1 100FILL0,5 110CFILL1,3,3,1 120FILL0,-5 130CFILL1,3,3,1 140FILL5,0 150CFILL1,3,3,1 160FILL-5,0 170CFILL1,2,2,1 180FILL4,4 190CFILL1,2,2,1 200FILL-4,4 210CFILL1,2,2,1 220FILL4,-4 230CF1,2,2,1 240FILL-4,-4 250CFILL3,3,3,3 260FILL0,3.2 270CFILL3,3,3,3 280FILL0,-3.2 290CFILL3,3,3,3 300FILL3.2,0 310CFILL3,3,3,3 320FILL-3.2 330CFILL1,2,1,2,2,3,3,2 340FILL3.2,1.2 350CFILL1,2,1,2,2,3,3,2 360FILL-3.2,1.2 370CFILL1,2,1,2,2,3,3,2 380FILL-3.2,-1.2 390CFILL1,2,1,2,2,3,3,2 400FILL3.2,-1.2 410CFILL3,3,1,1,2,2,1,1 420FILL1,4 430CFILL3,3,1,1,2,2,1,1 440FILL-1,4 450CFILL3,3,1,1,2,2,1,1 460FILL-1,-4 470CFILL3,3,1,1,2,2,1,1 480FILL1,-4 490CFILL3,3,3,2,1,1,1,2 500FILL2.5,2.5 510CFILL3,3,3,2,1,1,1,2 520FILL-2.5,2.5 530CFILL3,3,3,2,1,1,1,2 540FILL-2.5,-2.5 550CFILL3,3,3,2,1,1,1,2 560FILL2.5,-2.5 570VDU19,4,4;0; 580VDU23,1,0;0;0;0 This program will draw ellipses on the vertical and horizontal axes and 45 degrees in between and come back to the original axes which is critical for the FILL(x,y) command. The FILL command is a co-ordinate within a bounded space that is to be filled by the colours demanded by the CFILL pixel selection. Therefore, in the above example all the bounded spaces created by the overlapping ellipses will be filled in the colours selected and symetrically about the X and Y axes. Obviously this could be constructed with far less lines. Other commands that can be used in the enhanced graphics are SMOVE, SDRAW,SPLOT,CIRCLE,TRANS,UNSCALE and PRINT. The first three are similar to BASIC except that they use the scaled screen. TRANS(x,y) is used to to translate a scaled screen by a vector displacement. UNSCALE will convert scaled co-ordinates to non-scaled co-ordinates to provide greater compatibilty between the standard graphic scale and the user-defined scale. PRINT x,y will display the value of unscaled co-ordinates corresponding to the scaled co-ordinates after UNSCALE. A simple LOGO/TURTLE GRAPHICS program with ADDCOMM will take the form:- 10SCALE0,10,0,10 20ROTATE0,0,0 30TRANS0,0 40MODE 4 50ANGLE 90 60LMOVE 5,5 70PEN 13 80FOR loop=1 TO 6 90ADVANCE 1 100TURN 60 110NEXT loop This will draw a hexagon. Other LOGO commands are LCIRCLE,LELLIPSE and LPOS. LPOS returns the current position of the logo-cursor. PEN can be used as "PEN p", where p is PEN 4 - nothing seen on screen, PEN 13 - draw a line, PEN 29 - draw dotted lines, or PEN 85 - draw triangles ( used with OPT 7,1 - see later). A whole series of overlapping hexagons could be drawn, for example, and then bounded areas coloured in using FILL and CFILL.
00000000 81 2e 2e 3e 2e 2e 2e 2e 2e 2e 2a 2e 2e 2e 2e 2e |...>......*.....| 00000010 2e 2e 2a 2e 2e 2e 2e 2e 2e 2e 2a 2e 2e 2e 2e 2e |..*.......*.....| * 00000040 2e 2e 2a 2e 2e 2e 2e 2e 3c 20 20 20 20 0d 2a 2a |..*.....< .**| 00000050 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |****************| * 00000090 2a 2a 2a 2a 0d 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |****. | 000000a0 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 56 69 6e 65 | Vine| 000000b0 20 4d 69 63 72 6f 73 20 41 44 44 43 4f 4d 4d 20 | Micros ADDCOMM | 000000c0 52 4f 4d 0d 54 6f 6e 79 20 42 6f 61 72 65 72 20 |ROM.Tony Boarer | 000000d0 32 31 34 20 44 75 6e 72 61 76 65 6e 20 44 72 69 |214 Dunraven Dri| 000000e0 76 65 20 44 65 72 72 69 66 6f 72 64 20 50 6c 79 |ve Derriford Ply| 000000f0 6d 6f 75 74 68 20 50 4c 36 20 36 41 5a 20 30 31 |mouth PL6 6AZ 01| 00000100 37 35 32 20 37 37 31 32 37 36 0d 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |752 771276.*****| 00000110 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |****************| * 00000150 2a 0d 4d 79 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 |*.My version of | 00000160 74 68 69 73 20 52 4f 4d 20 69 73 20 31 2e 33 30 |this ROM is 1.30| 00000170 2c 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 69 73 20 73 77 69 74 63 |, which is switc| 00000180 68 65 64 20 6f 6e 20 77 68 65 6e 20 74 68 65 20 |hed on when the | 00000190 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 72 0d 69 73 1a 20 70 6f 77 |computer.is. pow| 000001a0 65 72 65 64 1a 20 75 70 2e 20 56 65 72 73 69 6f |ered. up. Versio| 000001b0 6e 20 31 2e 33 31 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 22 6f |n 1.31 is the "o| 000001c0 66 66 22 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 20 6f 6e 20 70 |ff" version on p| 000001d0 6f 77 65 72 20 75 70 20 20 61 6e 64 20 69 73 0d |ower up and is.| 000001e0 73 77 69 74 63 68 65 64 20 6f 6e 20 62 79 1a 20 |switched on by. | 000001f0 2a 46 58 31 36 33 2c 30 2f 42 52 45 41 4b 2e 1a |*FX163,0/BREAK..| 00000200 20 41 73 1a 20 49 20 68 61 76 65 20 73 61 69 64 | As. I have said| 00000210 20 62 65 66 6f 72 65 20 61 20 52 4f 4d 20 69 6d | before a ROM im| 00000220 61 67 65 20 6f 66 0d 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 1a 20 |age of.version. | 00000230 31 2e 33 30 1a 20 68 61 73 1a 20 74 6f 1a 20 73 |1.30. has. to. s| 00000240 77 69 74 63 68 65 64 1a 20 6f 6e 1a 1a 20 61 66 |witched. on.. af| 00000250 74 65 72 1a 20 2a 52 4c 4f 41 44 1a 20 41 44 44 |ter. *RLOAD. ADD| 00000260 43 4f 4d 4d 1a 20 52 69 64 1a 20 62 79 0d 43 54 |COMM. Rid. by.CT| 00000270 52 4c 2f 42 52 45 41 4b 2c 20 2a 46 58 31 36 33 |RL/BREAK, *FX163| 00000280 2c 30 2f 52 45 54 55 52 4e 2f 42 52 45 41 4b 2e |,0/RETURN/BREAK.| 00000290 20 42 75 74 20 61 6e 6f 74 68 65 72 20 74 68 69 | But another thi| 000002a0 6e 67 20 74 68 61 74 20 49 20 68 61 76 65 20 66 |ng that I have f| 000002b0 6f 75 6e 64 0d 73 69 6e 63 65 20 68 61 76 69 6e |ound.since havin| 000002c0 67 20 74 68 65 20 41 44 44 43 4f 4d 4d 20 52 4f |g the ADDCOMM RO| 000002d0 4d 20 69 6d 61 67 65 1a 20 70 75 74 20 69 6e 74 |M image. put int| 000002e0 6f 20 6d 79 20 6c 61 73 74 20 52 4f 4d 31 32 38 |o my last ROM128| 000002f0 20 69 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 69 74 0d 63 72 61 73 | is that it.cras| 00000300 68 65 73 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 72 |hes the computer| 00000310 20 6f 6e 20 70 6f 77 65 72 20 75 70 2e 20 53 6f | on power up. So| 00000320 20 49 20 73 75 73 70 65 63 74 65 64 20 74 68 61 | I suspected tha| 00000330 74 20 74 68 69 73 20 77 61 73 20 62 65 63 61 75 |t this was becau| 00000340 73 65 0d 74 68 65 20 6c 61 74 65 73 74 20 52 4f |se.the latest RO| 00000350 4d 31 32 38 20 69 73 20 69 6e 20 50 61 67 65 20 |M128 is in Page | 00000360 31 33 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 72 65 66 6f 72 65 |13 and therefore| 00000370 20 61 62 6f 76 65 20 42 41 53 49 43 2e 20 49 20 | above BASIC. I | 00000380 63 6f 6e 66 69 72 6d 65 64 0d 74 68 69 73 20 62 |confirmed.this b| 00000390 79 20 70 6c 61 63 69 6e 67 20 6d 79 20 6f 77 6e |y placing my own| 000003a0 20 52 4f 4d 20 69 6d 61 67 65 1a 20 69 6e 20 74 | ROM image. in t| 000003b0 68 65 20 62 61 74 74 65 72 79 20 62 61 63 6b 65 |he battery backe| 000003c0 64 20 52 41 4d 20 69 6e 20 50 61 67 65 20 31 35 |d RAM in Page 15| 000003d0 0d 62 6f 74 68 1a 20 77 72 69 74 65 1a 20 61 6e |.both. write. an| 000003e0 64 20 6e 6f 6e 2d 77 72 69 74 65 20 70 72 6f 74 |d non-write prot| 000003f0 65 63 74 65 64 20 61 6e 64 20 69 6e 20 62 6f 74 |ected and in bot| 00000400 68 1a 20 63 61 73 65 73 1a 20 74 68 65 1a 20 63 |h. cases. the. c| 00000410 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 72 0d 63 72 61 73 68 65 64 20 |omputer.crashed | 00000420 6f 6e 20 70 6f 77 65 72 1a 20 75 70 2e 20 50 72 |on power. up. Pr| 00000430 65 76 69 6f 75 73 6c 79 20 49 20 68 61 64 20 61 |eviously I had a| 00000440 6c 77 61 79 73 20 4c 4f 41 44 65 64 20 74 68 65 |lways LOADed the| 00000450 20 69 6d 61 67 65 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 6d 79 0d 31 | image into my.1| 00000460 36 6b 20 6d 6f 64 75 6c 65 20 69 6e 20 50 61 67 |6k module in Pag| 00000470 65 1a 20 37 20 61 6e 64 20 73 77 69 74 63 68 65 |e. 7 and switche| 00000480 64 20 6f 6e 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 68 65 20 61 62 |d on with the ab| 00000490 6f 76 65 20 73 74 61 74 65 64 20 70 72 6f 63 65 |ove stated proce| 000004a0 64 75 72 65 2e 0d 49 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 72 |dure..I should r| 000004b0 65 61 6c 6c 79 20 68 61 76 65 20 74 77 69 67 67 |eally have twigg| 000004c0 65 64 20 74 68 69 73 20 77 6f 75 6c 64 20 68 61 |ed this would ha| 000004d0 70 70 65 6e 20 66 6f 72 20 41 44 44 43 4f 4d 4d |ppen for ADDCOMM| 000004e0 20 61 6c 6c 6f 77 73 20 69 74 27 73 0d 63 6f 6d | allows it's.com| 000004f0 6d 61 6e 64 73 20 74 6f 20 62 65 20 75 73 65 64 |mands to be used| 00000500 20 69 6e 20 42 41 53 49 43 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 | in BASIC progra| 00000510 6d 73 20 77 69 74 68 6f 75 74 20 61 6e 79 20 2a |ms without any *| 00000520 20 70 72 65 66 69 78 2e 0d 49 74 20 69 73 20 61 | prefix..It is a| 00000530 6e 20 69 6e 74 65 72 65 73 74 69 6e 67 20 52 4f |n interesting RO| 00000540 4d 20 77 69 74 68 20 66 6f 75 72 20 67 72 6f 75 |M with four grou| 00000550 70 73 20 6f 66 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 73 3a 2d |ps of commands:-| 00000560 0d 09 09 31 2e 20 45 6e 68 61 6e 63 65 64 20 67 |...1. Enhanced g| 00000570 72 61 70 68 69 63 73 0d 09 09 32 2e 20 4c 4f 47 |raphics...2. LOG| 00000580 4f 2f 54 55 52 54 4c 45 20 67 72 61 70 68 69 63 |O/TURTLE graphic| 00000590 73 0d 09 09 33 2e 20 54 6f 6f 6c 6b 69 74 20 63 |s...3. Toolkit c| 000005a0 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 73 0d 09 09 34 2e 20 4d 69 73 |ommands...4. Mis| 000005b0 63 65 6c 6c 61 6e 65 6f 75 73 20 73 74 61 74 65 |cellaneous state| 000005c0 6d 65 6e 74 73 0d 49 6e 20 74 68 65 20 65 6e 68 |ments.In the enh| 000005d0 61 6e 63 65 64 20 67 72 61 70 68 69 63 73 20 61 |anced graphics a| 000005e0 20 62 69 67 20 61 64 76 61 6e 74 61 67 65 20 69 | big advantage i| 000005f0 6e 20 6d 61 6b 69 6e 67 20 75 70 20 70 72 65 74 |n making up pret| 00000600 74 79 20 70 69 63 74 75 72 65 73 2c 0d 66 6f 72 |ty pictures,.for| 00000610 1a 20 65 78 61 6d 70 6c 65 2c 20 69 73 20 74 68 |. example, is th| 00000620 61 74 20 74 68 65 1a 20 73 63 72 65 65 6e 1a 20 |at the. screen. | 00000630 63 61 6e 1a 20 62 65 1a 20 73 63 61 6c 65 64 1a |can. be. scaled.| 00000640 20 74 6f 1a 20 61 6e 79 1a 20 64 69 6d 65 6e 73 | to. any. dimens| 00000650 69 6f 6e 0d 70 6f 73 69 74 69 76 65 20 6f 72 1a |ion.positive or.| 00000660 20 6e 65 67 61 74 69 76 65 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 63 | negative, and c| 00000670 68 6f 6f 73 69 6e 67 20 61 20 73 63 61 6c 65 20 |hoosing a scale | 00000680 6c 69 6b 65 20 78 28 30 2c 31 30 29 2c 79 28 30 |like x(0,10),y(0| 00000690 2c 31 30 29 20 6d 61 6b 65 73 0d 6c 61 74 65 72 |,10) makes.later| 000006a0 20 73 65 6c 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 1a 20 63 | selection of. c| 000006b0 6f 2d 6f 72 64 69 6e 61 74 65 73 1a 20 6d 75 63 |o-ordinates. muc| 000006c0 68 20 65 61 73 69 65 72 20 66 6f 72 20 20 20 63 |h easier for c| 000006d0 6f 6c 6f 75 72 69 6e 67 20 69 6e 20 6f 6e 65 27 |olouring in one'| 000006e0 73 0d 63 72 65 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 77 68 69 63 68 |s.creation which| 000006f0 2c 20 69 6e 20 6d 79 20 63 61 73 65 2c 20 63 61 |, in my case, ca| 00000700 6e 20 70 72 69 6e 74 65 64 20 6f 75 74 20 69 6e |n printed out in| 00000710 20 63 6f 6c 6f 75 72 2e 20 4d 4f 44 45 32 20 6f | colour. MODE2 o| 00000720 62 76 69 6f 75 73 6c 79 0d 67 69 76 65 73 20 61 |bviously.gives a| 00000730 20 77 69 64 65 20 73 63 6f 70 65 20 77 69 74 68 | wide scope with| 00000740 1a 20 74 68 65 1a 20 43 46 49 4c 4c 20 61 6e 64 |. the. CFILL and| 00000750 20 46 49 4c 4c 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 73 2e 20 | FILL commands. | 00000760 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 62 65 63 61 75 73 65 0d |This is because.| 00000770 74 68 65 20 43 46 49 4c 4c 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e |the CFILL comman| 00000780 64 20 63 61 6e 20 74 61 6b 65 20 74 77 6f 20 66 |d can take two f| 00000790 6f 72 6d 73 2c 20 76 69 7a 3a 2d 0d 09 09 43 46 |orms, viz:-...CF| 000007a0 49 4c 4c 61 2c 62 2c 63 2c 64 20 6f 72 0d 09 09 |ILLa,b,c,d or...| 000007b0 43 46 49 4c 4c 61 2c 62 2c 63 2c 64 2c 65 2c 66 |CFILLa,b,c,d,e,f| 000007c0 2c 67 2c 68 1a 20 2c 20 77 68 65 72 65 20 74 68 |,g,h. , where th| 000007d0 65 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 69 73 20 61 1a 20 62 6c |e first is a. bl| 000007e0 6f 63 6b 1a 20 6f 66 0d 32 20 78 20 32 20 70 69 |ock. of.2 x 2 pi| 000007f0 78 65 6c 73 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 73 65 63 |xels and the sec| 00000800 6f 6e 64 20 61 20 62 6c 6f 63 6b 20 6f 66 20 32 |ond a block of 2| 00000810 20 78 20 34 20 70 69 78 65 6c 73 2e 0d 51 75 69 | x 4 pixels..Qui| 00000820 74 65 20 63 6c 65 61 72 6c 79 1a 20 63 6f 6d 70 |te clearly. comp| 00000830 6c 65 78 20 63 6f 6c 6f 75 72 69 6e 67 1a 20 63 |lex colouring. c| 00000840 61 6e 1a 20 62 65 1a 20 70 72 6f 64 75 63 65 64 |an. be. produced| 00000850 20 62 79 20 70 65 72 6d 75 74 61 74 69 6e 67 20 | by permutating | 00000860 74 68 65 0d 73 65 6c 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 1a 20 6f |the.selection. o| 00000870 66 1a 20 69 6e 64 69 76 69 64 75 61 6c 20 70 69 |f. individual pi| 00000880 78 65 6c 73 2e 20 54 68 65 20 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 |xels. The follow| 00000890 69 6e 67 20 73 69 6d 70 6c 65 1a 20 70 72 6f 67 |ing simple. prog| 000008a0 72 61 6d 1a 20 67 69 76 65 73 0d 73 6f 6d 65 20 |ram. gives.some | 000008b0 69 64 65 61 20 6f 6e 20 77 68 61 74 20 63 61 6e |idea on what can| 000008c0 20 62 65 20 64 6f 6e 65 3a 2d 0d 0d 35 20 49 4e | be done:-..5 IN| 000008d0 50 55 54 22 4d 4f 44 45 20 72 65 71 75 69 72 65 |PUT"MODE require| 000008e0 64 20 4d 25 22 3b 4d 25 0d 31 30 20 4d 4f 44 45 |d M%";M%.10 MODE| 000008f0 4d 25 0d 31 32 49 46 20 4d 25 3d 32 20 47 4f 54 |M%.12IF M%=2 GOT| 00000900 4f 31 35 45 4c 53 45 32 30 0d 31 35 47 43 4f 4c |O15ELSE20.15GCOL| 00000910 30 2c 31 33 32 3a 43 4c 47 0d 32 30 53 43 41 4c |0,132:CLG.20SCAL| 00000920 45 2d 31 30 2c 31 30 2c 2d 31 30 2c 31 30 0d 33 |E-10,10,-10,10.3| 00000930 30 46 4f 52 20 61 6e 67 6c 65 3d 30 20 54 4f 20 |0FOR angle=0 TO | 00000940 31 38 30 20 53 54 45 50 34 35 0d 34 30 52 4f 54 |180 STEP45.40ROT| 00000950 41 54 45 30 2c 30 2c 61 6e 67 6c 65 0d 35 30 45 |ATE0,0,angle.50E| 00000960 4c 4c 49 50 53 45 30 2c 30 2c 33 2c 36 0d 36 30 |LLIPSE0,0,3,6.60| 00000970 4e 45 58 54 20 61 6e 67 6c 65 0d 37 30 43 46 49 |NEXT angle.70CFI| 00000980 4c 4c 31 2c 31 2c 31 2c 31 0d 38 30 46 49 4c 4c |LL1,1,1,1.80FILL| 00000990 30 2c 30 0d 39 30 43 46 49 4c 4c 31 2c 33 2c 33 |0,0.90CFILL1,3,3| 000009a0 2c 31 0d 31 30 30 46 49 4c 4c 30 2c 35 0d 31 31 |,1.100FILL0,5.11| 000009b0 30 43 46 49 4c 4c 31 2c 33 2c 33 2c 31 0d 31 32 |0CFILL1,3,3,1.12| 000009c0 30 46 49 4c 4c 30 2c 2d 35 0d 31 33 30 43 46 49 |0FILL0,-5.130CFI| 000009d0 4c 4c 31 2c 33 2c 33 2c 31 0d 31 34 30 46 49 4c |LL1,3,3,1.140FIL| 000009e0 4c 35 2c 30 0d 31 35 30 43 46 49 4c 4c 31 2c 33 |L5,0.150CFILL1,3| 000009f0 2c 33 2c 31 0d 31 36 30 46 49 4c 4c 2d 35 2c 30 |,3,1.160FILL-5,0| 00000a00 0d 31 37 30 43 46 49 4c 4c 31 2c 32 2c 32 2c 31 |.170CFILL1,2,2,1| 00000a10 0d 31 38 30 46 49 4c 4c 34 2c 34 0d 31 39 30 43 |.180FILL4,4.190C| 00000a20 46 49 4c 4c 31 2c 32 2c 32 2c 31 0d 32 30 30 46 |FILL1,2,2,1.200F| 00000a30 49 4c 4c 2d 34 2c 34 0d 32 31 30 43 46 49 4c 4c |ILL-4,4.210CFILL| 00000a40 31 2c 32 2c 32 2c 31 0d 32 32 30 46 49 4c 4c 34 |1,2,2,1.220FILL4| 00000a50 2c 2d 34 0d 32 33 30 43 46 31 2c 32 2c 32 2c 31 |,-4.230CF1,2,2,1| 00000a60 0d 32 34 30 46 49 4c 4c 2d 34 2c 2d 34 0d 32 35 |.240FILL-4,-4.25| 00000a70 30 43 46 49 4c 4c 33 2c 33 2c 33 2c 33 0d 32 36 |0CFILL3,3,3,3.26| 00000a80 30 46 49 4c 4c 30 2c 33 2e 32 0d 32 37 30 43 46 |0FILL0,3.2.270CF| 00000a90 49 4c 4c 33 2c 33 2c 33 2c 33 0d 32 38 30 46 49 |ILL3,3,3,3.280FI| 00000aa0 4c 4c 30 2c 2d 33 2e 32 0d 32 39 30 43 46 49 4c |LL0,-3.2.290CFIL| 00000ab0 4c 33 2c 33 2c 33 2c 33 0d 33 30 30 46 49 4c 4c |L3,3,3,3.300FILL| 00000ac0 33 2e 32 2c 30 0d 33 31 30 43 46 49 4c 4c 33 2c |3.2,0.310CFILL3,| 00000ad0 33 2c 33 2c 33 0d 33 32 30 46 49 4c 4c 2d 33 2e |3,3,3.320FILL-3.| 00000ae0 32 0d 33 33 30 43 46 49 4c 4c 31 2c 32 2c 31 2c |2.330CFILL1,2,1,| 00000af0 32 2c 32 2c 33 2c 33 2c 32 0d 33 34 30 46 49 4c |2,2,3,3,2.340FIL| 00000b00 4c 33 2e 32 2c 31 2e 32 0d 33 35 30 43 46 49 4c |L3.2,1.2.350CFIL| 00000b10 4c 31 2c 32 2c 31 2c 32 2c 32 2c 33 2c 33 2c 32 |L1,2,1,2,2,3,3,2| 00000b20 0d 33 36 30 46 49 4c 4c 2d 33 2e 32 2c 31 2e 32 |.360FILL-3.2,1.2| 00000b30 0d 33 37 30 43 46 49 4c 4c 31 2c 32 2c 31 2c 32 |.370CFILL1,2,1,2| 00000b40 2c 32 2c 33 2c 33 2c 32 0d 33 38 30 46 49 4c 4c |,2,3,3,2.380FILL| 00000b50 2d 33 2e 32 2c 2d 31 2e 32 0d 33 39 30 43 46 49 |-3.2,-1.2.390CFI| 00000b60 4c 4c 31 2c 32 2c 31 2c 32 2c 32 2c 33 2c 33 2c |LL1,2,1,2,2,3,3,| 00000b70 32 0d 34 30 30 46 49 4c 4c 33 2e 32 2c 2d 31 2e |2.400FILL3.2,-1.| 00000b80 32 0d 34 31 30 43 46 49 4c 4c 33 2c 33 2c 31 2c |2.410CFILL3,3,1,| 00000b90 31 2c 32 2c 32 2c 31 2c 31 0d 34 32 30 46 49 4c |1,2,2,1,1.420FIL| 00000ba0 4c 31 2c 34 0d 34 33 30 43 46 49 4c 4c 33 2c 33 |L1,4.430CFILL3,3| 00000bb0 2c 31 2c 31 2c 32 2c 32 2c 31 2c 31 0d 34 34 30 |,1,1,2,2,1,1.440| 00000bc0 46 49 4c 4c 2d 31 2c 34 0d 34 35 30 43 46 49 4c |FILL-1,4.450CFIL| 00000bd0 4c 33 2c 33 2c 31 2c 31 2c 32 2c 32 2c 31 2c 31 |L3,3,1,1,2,2,1,1| 00000be0 0d 34 36 30 46 49 4c 4c 2d 31 2c 2d 34 0d 34 37 |.460FILL-1,-4.47| 00000bf0 30 43 46 49 4c 4c 33 2c 33 2c 31 2c 31 2c 32 2c |0CFILL3,3,1,1,2,| 00000c00 32 2c 31 2c 31 0d 34 38 30 46 49 4c 4c 31 2c 2d |2,1,1.480FILL1,-| 00000c10 34 0d 34 39 30 43 46 49 4c 4c 33 2c 33 2c 33 2c |4.490CFILL3,3,3,| 00000c20 32 2c 31 2c 31 2c 31 2c 32 0d 35 30 30 46 49 4c |2,1,1,1,2.500FIL| 00000c30 4c 32 2e 35 2c 32 2e 35 0d 35 31 30 43 46 49 4c |L2.5,2.5.510CFIL| 00000c40 4c 33 2c 33 2c 33 2c 32 2c 31 2c 31 2c 31 2c 32 |L3,3,3,2,1,1,1,2| 00000c50 0d 35 32 30 46 49 4c 4c 2d 32 2e 35 2c 32 2e 35 |.520FILL-2.5,2.5| 00000c60 0d 35 33 30 43 46 49 4c 4c 33 2c 33 2c 33 2c 32 |.530CFILL3,3,3,2| 00000c70 2c 31 2c 31 2c 31 2c 32 0d 35 34 30 46 49 4c 4c |,1,1,1,2.540FILL| 00000c80 2d 32 2e 35 2c 2d 32 2e 35 0d 35 35 30 43 46 49 |-2.5,-2.5.550CFI| 00000c90 4c 4c 33 2c 33 2c 33 2c 32 2c 31 2c 31 2c 31 2c |LL3,3,3,2,1,1,1,| 00000ca0 32 0d 35 36 30 46 49 4c 4c 32 2e 35 2c 2d 32 2e |2.560FILL2.5,-2.| 00000cb0 35 0d 35 37 30 56 44 55 31 39 2c 34 2c 34 3b 30 |5.570VDU19,4,4;0| 00000cc0 3b 0d 35 38 30 56 44 55 32 33 2c 31 2c 30 3b 30 |;.580VDU23,1,0;0| 00000cd0 3b 30 3b 30 0d 54 68 69 73 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 |;0;0.This progra| 00000ce0 6d 20 77 69 6c 6c 1a 20 64 72 61 77 1a 20 65 6c |m will. draw. el| 00000cf0 6c 69 70 73 65 73 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 20 76 |lipses on the v| 00000d00 65 72 74 69 63 61 6c 20 61 6e 64 20 68 6f 72 69 |ertical and hori| 00000d10 7a 6f 6e 74 61 6c 20 61 78 65 73 0d 61 6e 64 20 |zontal axes.and | 00000d20 34 35 20 64 65 67 72 65 65 73 20 69 6e 20 62 65 |45 degrees in be| 00000d30 74 77 65 65 6e 1a 20 61 6e 64 20 63 6f 6d 65 20 |tween. and come | 00000d40 62 61 63 6b 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 6f 72 69 67 |back to the orig| 00000d50 69 6e 61 6c 20 61 78 65 73 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 |inal axes which | 00000d60 69 73 0d 63 72 69 74 69 63 61 6c 20 66 6f 72 20 |is.critical for | 00000d70 74 68 65 20 46 49 4c 4c 28 78 2c 79 29 20 63 6f |the FILL(x,y) co| 00000d80 6d 6d 61 6e 64 2e 20 54 68 65 20 46 49 4c 4c 20 |mmand. The FILL | 00000d90 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 20 69 73 20 61 1a 20 63 6f |command is a. co| 00000da0 2d 6f 72 64 69 6e 61 74 65 0d 77 69 74 68 69 6e |-ordinate.within| 00000db0 20 61 20 62 6f 75 6e 64 65 64 20 73 70 61 63 65 | a bounded space| 00000dc0 20 74 68 61 74 20 69 73 20 74 6f 20 62 65 20 66 | that is to be f| 00000dd0 69 6c 6c 65 64 20 62 79 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6c |illed by the col| 00000de0 6f 75 72 73 20 64 65 6d 61 6e 64 65 64 20 62 79 |ours demanded by| 00000df0 0d 74 68 65 20 43 46 49 4c 4c 1a 20 70 69 78 65 |.the CFILL. pixe| 00000e00 6c 1a 20 73 65 6c 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 2e 1a 20 54 |l. selection.. T| 00000e10 68 65 72 65 66 6f 72 65 2c 1a 20 69 6e 20 74 68 |herefore,. in th| 00000e20 65 20 61 62 6f 76 65 20 65 78 61 6d 70 6c 65 20 |e above example | 00000e30 61 6c 6c 20 74 68 65 0d 62 6f 75 6e 64 65 64 20 |all the.bounded | 00000e40 73 70 61 63 65 73 20 63 72 65 61 74 65 64 20 62 |spaces created b| 00000e50 79 20 74 68 65 20 6f 76 65 72 6c 61 70 70 69 6e |y the overlappin| 00000e60 67 1a 20 65 6c 6c 69 70 73 65 73 1a 20 77 69 6c |g. ellipses. wil| 00000e70 6c 20 62 65 20 66 69 6c 6c 65 64 20 69 6e 0d 74 |l be filled in.t| 00000e80 68 65 20 63 6f 6c 6f 75 72 73 20 73 65 6c 65 63 |he colours selec| 00000e90 74 65 64 20 61 6e 64 20 73 79 6d 65 74 72 69 63 |ted and symetric| 00000ea0 61 6c 6c 79 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 74 68 65 20 58 |ally about the X| 00000eb0 20 61 6e 64 20 59 20 61 78 65 73 2e 0d 4f 62 76 | and Y axes..Obv| 00000ec0 69 6f 75 73 6c 79 20 74 68 69 73 20 63 6f 75 6c |iously this coul| 00000ed0 64 20 62 65 20 63 6f 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74 65 64 |d be constructed| 00000ee0 20 77 69 74 68 20 66 61 72 20 6c 65 73 73 20 6c | with far less l| 00000ef0 69 6e 65 73 2e 0d 4f 74 68 65 72 20 63 6f 6d 6d |ines..Other comm| 00000f00 61 6e 64 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 63 61 6e 20 62 65 |ands that can be| 00000f10 20 75 73 65 64 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 1a 20 65 6e | used in the. en| 00000f20 68 61 6e 63 65 64 1a 20 67 72 61 70 68 69 63 73 |hanced. graphics| 00000f30 1a 20 61 72 65 20 53 4d 4f 56 45 2c 0d 53 44 52 |. are SMOVE,.SDR| 00000f40 41 57 2c 53 50 4c 4f 54 2c 43 49 52 43 4c 45 2c |AW,SPLOT,CIRCLE,| 00000f50 54 52 41 4e 53 2c 55 4e 53 43 41 4c 45 1a 1a 20 |TRANS,UNSCALE.. | 00000f60 61 6e 64 1a 20 50 52 49 4e 54 2e 1a 20 54 68 65 |and. PRINT.. The| 00000f70 1a 20 66 69 72 73 74 1a 20 74 68 72 65 65 1a 20 |. first. three. | 00000f80 61 72 65 0d 73 69 6d 69 6c 61 72 20 74 6f 20 42 |are.similar to B| 00000f90 41 53 49 43 20 65 78 63 65 70 74 20 74 68 61 74 |ASIC except that| 00000fa0 20 74 68 65 79 20 75 73 65 20 74 68 65 20 73 63 | they use the sc| 00000fb0 61 6c 65 64 20 73 63 72 65 65 6e 2e 20 54 52 41 |aled screen. TRA| 00000fc0 4e 53 28 78 2c 79 29 20 69 73 0d 75 73 65 64 1a |NS(x,y) is.used.| 00000fd0 20 74 6f 1a 20 74 6f 1a 20 74 72 61 6e 73 6c 61 | to. to. transla| 00000fe0 74 65 1a 20 61 1a 20 73 63 61 6c 65 64 1a 20 73 |te. a. scaled. s| 00000ff0 63 72 65 65 6e 1a 20 62 79 1a 20 61 20 76 65 63 |creen. by. a vec| 00001000 74 6f 72 20 64 69 73 70 6c 61 63 65 6d 65 6e 74 |tor displacement| 00001010 2e 0d 55 4e 53 43 41 4c 45 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 63 |..UNSCALE will c| 00001020 6f 6e 76 65 72 74 20 73 63 61 6c 65 64 20 63 6f |onvert scaled co| 00001030 2d 6f 72 64 69 6e 61 74 65 73 20 74 6f 20 6e 6f |-ordinates to no| 00001040 6e 2d 73 63 61 6c 65 64 20 63 6f 2d 6f 72 64 69 |n-scaled co-ordi| 00001050 6e 61 74 65 73 20 74 6f 0d 70 72 6f 76 69 64 65 |nates to.provide| 00001060 1a 20 67 72 65 61 74 65 72 1a 20 63 6f 6d 70 61 |. greater. compa| 00001070 74 69 62 69 6c 74 79 1a 20 62 65 74 77 65 65 6e |tibilty. between| 00001080 20 74 68 65 20 73 74 61 6e 64 61 72 64 20 67 72 | the standard gr| 00001090 61 70 68 69 63 20 73 63 61 6c 65 20 61 6e 64 0d |aphic scale and.| 000010a0 74 68 65 20 75 73 65 72 2d 64 65 66 69 6e 65 64 |the user-defined| 000010b0 20 73 63 61 6c 65 2e 20 50 52 49 4e 54 20 78 2c | scale. PRINT x,| 000010c0 79 20 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 64 69 73 70 6c 61 79 20 |y will display | 000010d0 74 68 65 20 76 61 6c 75 65 20 6f 66 1a 20 75 6e |the value of. un| 000010e0 73 63 61 6c 65 64 0d 63 6f 2d 6f 72 64 69 6e 61 |scaled.co-ordina| 000010f0 74 65 73 20 63 6f 72 72 65 73 70 6f 6e 64 69 6e |tes correspondin| 00001100 67 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 73 63 61 6c 65 64 20 |g to the scaled | 00001110 63 6f 2d 6f 72 64 69 6e 61 74 65 73 20 61 66 74 |co-ordinates aft| 00001120 65 72 20 55 4e 53 43 41 4c 45 2e 0d 0d 41 1a 20 |er UNSCALE...A. | 00001130 73 69 6d 70 6c 65 1a 20 4c 4f 47 4f 2f 54 55 52 |simple. LOGO/TUR| 00001140 54 4c 45 1a 20 47 52 41 50 48 49 43 53 1a 20 70 |TLE. GRAPHICS. p| 00001150 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 1a 20 77 69 74 68 1a 20 41 44 |rogram. with. AD| 00001160 44 43 4f 4d 4d 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 74 61 6b 65 20 |DCOMM will take | 00001170 74 68 65 0d 66 6f 72 6d 3a 2d 0d 31 30 53 43 41 |the.form:-.10SCA| 00001180 4c 45 30 2c 31 30 2c 30 2c 31 30 0d 32 30 52 4f |LE0,10,0,10.20RO| 00001190 54 41 54 45 30 2c 30 2c 30 0d 33 30 54 52 41 4e |TATE0,0,0.30TRAN| 000011a0 53 30 2c 30 0d 34 30 4d 4f 44 45 20 34 0d 35 30 |S0,0.40MODE 4.50| 000011b0 41 4e 47 4c 45 20 39 30 0d 36 30 4c 4d 4f 56 45 |ANGLE 90.60LMOVE| 000011c0 20 35 2c 35 0d 37 30 50 45 4e 20 31 33 0d 38 30 | 5,5.70PEN 13.80| 000011d0 46 4f 52 20 6c 6f 6f 70 3d 31 20 54 4f 20 36 0d |FOR loop=1 TO 6.| 000011e0 39 30 41 44 56 41 4e 43 45 20 31 0d 31 30 30 54 |90ADVANCE 1.100T| 000011f0 55 52 4e 20 36 30 0d 31 31 30 4e 45 58 54 20 6c |URN 60.110NEXT l| 00001200 6f 6f 70 0d 54 68 69 73 1a 1a 1a 20 77 69 6c 6c |oop.This... will| 00001210 1a 1a 1a 20 64 72 61 77 1a 1a 1a 20 61 1a 1a 20 |... draw... a.. | 00001220 68 65 78 61 67 6f 6e 2e 1a 1a 20 4f 74 68 65 72 |hexagon... Other| 00001230 1a 1a 20 4c 4f 47 4f 1a 1a 1a 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 |.. LOGO... comma| 00001240 6e 64 73 1a 1a 1a 20 61 72 65 0d 4c 43 49 52 43 |nds... are.LCIRC| 00001250 4c 45 2c 4c 45 4c 4c 49 50 53 45 20 61 6e 64 20 |LE,LELLIPSE and | 00001260 4c 50 4f 53 2e 20 4c 50 4f 53 20 72 65 74 75 72 |LPOS. LPOS retur| 00001270 6e 73 20 74 68 65 20 63 75 72 72 65 6e 74 1a 20 |ns the current. | 00001280 70 6f 73 69 74 69 6f 6e 1a 20 6f 66 1a 20 74 68 |position. of. th| 00001290 65 0d 6c 6f 67 6f 2d 63 75 72 73 6f 72 2e 20 50 |e.logo-cursor. P| 000012a0 45 4e 20 63 61 6e 20 62 65 20 75 73 65 64 20 61 |EN can be used a| 000012b0 73 20 22 50 45 4e 20 70 22 2c 20 20 77 68 65 72 |s "PEN p", wher| 000012c0 65 20 20 70 20 20 69 73 20 50 45 4e 20 34 20 2d |e p is PEN 4 -| 000012d0 20 6e 6f 74 68 69 6e 67 0d 73 65 65 6e 1a 20 6f | nothing.seen. o| 000012e0 6e 1a 20 73 63 72 65 65 6e 2c 20 50 45 4e 20 31 |n. screen, PEN 1| 000012f0 33 20 2d 20 64 72 61 77 20 61 20 6c 69 6e 65 2c |3 - draw a line,| 00001300 20 50 45 4e 20 32 39 20 2d 20 64 72 61 77 20 64 | PEN 29 - draw d| 00001310 6f 74 74 65 64 20 6c 69 6e 65 73 2c 20 6f 72 0d |otted lines, or.| 00001320 50 45 4e 1a 20 38 35 1a 20 2d 1a 20 64 72 61 77 |PEN. 85. -. draw| 00001330 1a 20 74 72 69 61 6e 67 6c 65 73 1a 20 28 20 75 |. triangles. ( u| 00001340 73 65 64 20 77 69 74 68 20 4f 50 54 20 37 2c 31 |sed with OPT 7,1| 00001350 20 2d 20 73 65 65 20 6c 61 74 65 72 29 2e 20 41 | - see later). A| 00001360 20 77 68 6f 6c 65 0d 73 65 72 69 65 73 20 6f 66 | whole.series of| 00001370 20 6f 76 65 72 6c 61 70 70 69 6e 67 20 68 65 78 | overlapping hex| 00001380 61 67 6f 6e 73 20 63 6f 75 6c 64 20 62 65 1a 20 |agons could be. | 00001390 64 72 61 77 6e 2c 1a 20 66 6f 72 20 65 78 61 6d |drawn,. for exam| 000013a0 70 6c 65 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 6e 0d 62 6f |ple, and then.bo| 000013b0 75 6e 64 65 64 20 61 72 65 61 73 20 63 6f 6c 6f |unded areas colo| 000013c0 75 72 65 64 20 69 6e 20 75 73 69 6e 67 20 46 49 |ured in using FI| 000013d0 4c 4c 20 61 6e 64 20 43 46 49 4c 4c 2e 0d 0d |LL and CFILL...| 000013df