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!IGViewer/Copying

This website contains an archive of files for the Acorn Electron, BBC Micro, Acorn Archimedes, Commodore 16 and Commodore 64 computers, which Dominic Ford has rescued from his private collection of floppy disks and cassettes.

Some of these files were originally commercial releases in the 1980s and 1990s, but they are now widely available online. I assume that copyright over them is no longer being asserted. If you own the copyright and would like files to be removed, please contact me.

Tape/disk: Home » Archimedes archive » Archimedes World » archimedes_world_volume_16_issue_1_scp.adf » !intergif_Inter
Filename: !IGViewer/Copying
Read OK:
File size: 10E8 bytes
Load address: 0000
Exec address: 0000
File contents
                (K) All Rites Reversed
                ======================

I, Peter Hartley, wrote this program, InterGif Viewer. Under the
laws of England and every other country I know of, this gives me
the right to put my name to it, and withholds that right from
everyone else unless I choose to bestow it. If someone else made
a copy of InterGif Viewer, removed my name from all over it,
replaced it with theirs, and distributed the program further as
an example of how cool *they* were, they'd be doing a wrong thing
-- and I think most people would agree with the law on that one.


        When restrictions make no sense
        -------------------------------

But the laws of England and many other countries give me an
additional, unrelated right. They would allow me to give you -- or
even *sell* you -- a copy of the program, and yet prohibit you from
giving further copies away to your friends! This "copy right" can, and
does, lead to the absurd situation in which a simple copy command -- a
command built into every sensible operating system -- can become a
criminal act. Some even speak of this act as a "theft" from the
program's authors, even though it has removed from them no physical
property (the act can take place hundreds of miles from their homes,
and without them even noticing) and no intellectual property either
(the new copy still contains the original authors' names).
    I believe it would be morally untenable to exercise this "copy
right", in just the same way as I choose for moral reasons not to
exercise another right English law gives me: that of killing foxes for
fun.
    This piece of software does not have the "�" or "(C)" symbol or
any other invocation of copy right attached to it. It contains instead
the (K) symbol and the words "All Rites Reversed", indicating that no
unrealistic restrictions are placed on your use and your friends' use
of it. Copy what you like; use it for what you like. Just give me due
credit. (As I understand it, you're in fact *legally obliged* to give
me due credit. But that shouldn't be *why* you're doing it!)


        When restrictions do make sense
        -------------------------------

No information in this program is of a personally damaging (to
me) or nationally damaging (to England) nature. These two cases
(and the latter only dubiously) are the only ones I can think of
where a restriction on copying would make sense -- but of course,
I would only reveal personally damaging information to
individuals I personally trusted anyway, whether in an electronic
or oral form. If I didn't personally trust them, I'd make them
sign a contract saying they wouldn't pass on the information, and
I think they'd appreciate the reason for that.
    If, on the other hand, I was making someone I didn't know sign
such a contract regarding a certain piece of information for the sole
reason that I could then make more money by signing similar contracts
with other people I didn't know, then I'd hope that person would be a
little disgusted. Perhaps not too disgusted to refuse to sign,
exclaiming that the information wasn't worth that (some information,
sadly, just isn't available in other ways) -- but, I hope, left with a
nagging nasty taste anyway.


        "But how can you be sure of me?"
        --------------------------------

Now, I have your signature on no contract; for some readers of
these words, I haven't even ever met you. I'm having to trust you
anyway not to thieve my intellectual property from me by passing off
these words or programs as your own. It would be logistically
extremely difficult to ensure, whether by legal or technical means,
that intellectual property rights were not infringed.
    But on the whole, I *do* trust you. You might turn out to be a
rogue, but at least I've acquitted myself: by trusting you, I've not
made myself a rogue. Trusting people is not necessarily the Correct
Answer (some people, such as John Lennon, have had worse crimes than
theft committed against them because of it) but it is at least the
Right Answer.
    Having read this document, you get no prizes for working out
that I've read the GNU Manifesto. But I believe that exercising
copyright means war, and in any war (to "copy" shamelessly the
conclusion to the film War Games) the only winning move is not to
play.
00000000  0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20  20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20  |.               |
00000010  20 28 4b 29 20 41 6c 6c  20 52 69 74 65 73 20 52  | (K) All Rites R|
00000020  65 76 65 72 73 65 64 0a  20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20  |eversed.        |
00000030  20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20  3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d  |        ========|
00000040  3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d  3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 0a 0a  |==============..|
00000050  49 2c 20 50 65 74 65 72  20 48 61 72 74 6c 65 79  |I, Peter Hartley|
00000060  2c 20 77 72 6f 74 65 20  74 68 69 73 20 70 72 6f  |, wrote this pro|
00000070  67 72 61 6d 2c 20 49 6e  74 65 72 47 69 66 20 56  |gram, InterGif V|
00000080  69 65 77 65 72 2e 20 55  6e 64 65 72 20 74 68 65  |iewer. Under the|
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000000d0  65 0a 74 68 65 20 72 69  67 68 74 20 74 6f 20 70  |e.the right to p|
000000e0  75 74 20 6d 79 20 6e 61  6d 65 20 74 6f 20 69 74  |ut my name to it|
000000f0  2c 20 61 6e 64 20 77 69  74 68 68 6f 6c 64 73 20  |, and withholds |
00000100  74 68 61 74 20 72 69 67  68 74 20 66 72 6f 6d 0a  |that right from.|
00000110  65 76 65 72 79 6f 6e 65  20 65 6c 73 65 20 75 6e  |everyone else un|
00000120  6c 65 73 73 20 49 20 63  68 6f 6f 73 65 20 74 6f  |less I choose to|
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00000180  20 61 6c 6c 20 6f 76 65  72 20 69 74 2c 0a 72 65  | all over it,.re|
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000001d0  20 65 78 61 6d 70 6c 65  20 6f 66 20 68 6f 77 20  | example of how |
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000001f0  2c 20 74 68 65 79 27 64  20 62 65 20 64 6f 69 6e  |, they'd be doin|
00000200  67 20 61 20 77 72 6f 6e  67 20 74 68 69 6e 67 0a  |g a wrong thing.|
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00000270  65 20 6e 6f 20 73 65 6e  73 65 0a 20 20 20 20 20  |e no sense.     |
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000003b0  65 73 2c 20 6c 65 61 64  20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20  |es, lead to the |
000003c0  61 62 73 75 72 64 20 73  69 74 75 61 74 69 6f 6e  |absurd situation|
000003d0  20 69 6e 20 77 68 69 63  68 20 61 20 73 69 6d 70  | in which a simp|
000003e0  6c 65 20 63 6f 70 79 20  63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 20  |le copy command |
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00000860  20 20 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d  2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d  |   -------------|
00000870  2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d  2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d  |----------------|
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00000b80  74 68 20 6f 74 68 65 72  20 70 65 6f 70 6c 65 20  |th other people |
00000b90  49 20 64 69 64 6e 27 74  20 6b 6e 6f 77 2c 20 74  |I didn't know, t|
00000ba0  68 65 6e 20 49 27 64 20  68 6f 70 65 20 74 68 61  |hen I'd hope tha|
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00000be0  74 20 74 6f 6f 20 64 69  73 67 75 73 74 65 64 20  |t too disgusted |
00000bf0  74 6f 20 72 65 66 75 73  65 20 74 6f 20 73 69 67  |to refuse to sig|
00000c00  6e 2c 0a 65 78 63 6c 61  69 6d 69 6e 67 20 74 68  |n,.exclaiming th|
00000c10  61 74 20 74 68 65 20 69  6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69  |at the informati|
00000c20  6f 6e 20 77 61 73 6e 27  74 20 77 6f 72 74 68 20  |on wasn't worth |
00000c30  74 68 61 74 20 28 73 6f  6d 65 20 69 6e 66 6f 72  |that (some infor|
00000c40  6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 2c 0a  73 61 64 6c 79 2c 20 6a  |mation,.sadly, j|
00000c50  75 73 74 20 69 73 6e 27  74 20 61 76 61 69 6c 61  |ust isn't availa|
00000c60  62 6c 65 20 69 6e 20 6f  74 68 65 72 20 77 61 79  |ble in other way|
00000c70  73 29 20 2d 2d 20 62 75  74 2c 20 49 20 68 6f 70  |s) -- but, I hop|
00000c80  65 2c 20 6c 65 66 74 20  77 69 74 68 20 61 0a 6e  |e, left with a.n|
00000c90  61 67 67 69 6e 67 20 6e  61 73 74 79 20 74 61 73  |agging nasty tas|
00000ca0  74 65 20 61 6e 79 77 61  79 2e 0a 0a 0a 20 20 20  |te anyway....   |
00000cb0  20 20 20 20 20 22 42 75  74 20 68 6f 77 20 63 61  |     "But how ca|
00000cc0  6e 20 79 6f 75 20 62 65  20 73 75 72 65 20 6f 66  |n you be sure of|
00000cd0  20 6d 65 3f 22 0a 20 20  20 20 20 20 20 20 2d 2d  | me?".        --|
00000ce0  2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d  2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d  |----------------|
00000cf0  2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d  2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0a 0a  |--------------..|
00000d00  4e 6f 77 2c 20 49 20 68  61 76 65 20 79 6f 75 72  |Now, I have your|
00000d10  20 73 69 67 6e 61 74 75  72 65 20 6f 6e 20 6e 6f  | signature on no|
00000d20  20 63 6f 6e 74 72 61 63  74 3b 20 66 6f 72 20 73  | contract; for s|
00000d30  6f 6d 65 20 72 65 61 64  65 72 73 20 6f 66 0a 74  |ome readers of.t|
00000d40  68 65 73 65 20 77 6f 72  64 73 2c 20 49 20 68 61  |hese words, I ha|
00000d50  76 65 6e 27 74 20 65 76  65 6e 20 65 76 65 72 20  |ven't even ever |
00000d60  6d 65 74 20 79 6f 75 2e  20 49 27 6d 20 68 61 76  |met you. I'm hav|
00000d70  69 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 74  72 75 73 74 20 79 6f 75  |ing to trust you|
00000d80  0a 61 6e 79 77 61 79 20  6e 6f 74 20 74 6f 20 74  |.anyway not to t|
00000d90  68 69 65 76 65 20 6d 79  20 69 6e 74 65 6c 6c 65  |hieve my intelle|
00000da0  63 74 75 61 6c 20 70 72  6f 70 65 72 74 79 20 66  |ctual property f|
00000db0  72 6f 6d 20 6d 65 20 62  79 20 70 61 73 73 69 6e  |rom me by passin|
00000dc0  67 20 6f 66 66 0a 74 68  65 73 65 20 77 6f 72 64  |g off.these word|
00000dd0  73 20 6f 72 20 70 72 6f  67 72 61 6d 73 20 61 73  |s or programs as|
00000de0  20 79 6f 75 72 20 6f 77  6e 2e 20 49 74 20 77 6f  | your own. It wo|
00000df0  75 6c 64 20 62 65 20 6c  6f 67 69 73 74 69 63 61  |uld be logistica|
00000e00  6c 6c 79 0a 65 78 74 72  65 6d 65 6c 79 20 64 69  |lly.extremely di|
00000e10  66 66 69 63 75 6c 74 20  74 6f 20 65 6e 73 75 72  |fficult to ensur|
00000e20  65 2c 20 77 68 65 74 68  65 72 20 62 79 20 6c 65  |e, whether by le|
00000e30  67 61 6c 20 6f 72 20 74  65 63 68 6e 69 63 61 6c  |gal or technical|
00000e40  20 6d 65 61 6e 73 2c 0a  74 68 61 74 20 69 6e 74  | means,.that int|
00000e50  65 6c 6c 65 63 74 75 61  6c 20 70 72 6f 70 65 72  |ellectual proper|
00000e60  74 79 20 72 69 67 68 74  73 20 77 65 72 65 20 6e  |ty rights were n|
00000e70  6f 74 20 69 6e 66 72 69  6e 67 65 64 2e 0a 20 20  |ot infringed..  |
00000e80  20 20 42 75 74 20 6f 6e  20 74 68 65 20 77 68 6f  |  But on the who|
00000e90  6c 65 2c 20 49 20 2a 64  6f 2a 20 74 72 75 73 74  |le, I *do* trust|
00000ea0  20 79 6f 75 2e 20 59 6f  75 20 6d 69 67 68 74 20  | you. You might |
00000eb0  74 75 72 6e 20 6f 75 74  20 74 6f 20 62 65 20 61  |turn out to be a|
00000ec0  0a 72 6f 67 75 65 2c 20  62 75 74 20 61 74 20 6c  |.rogue, but at l|
00000ed0  65 61 73 74 20 49 27 76  65 20 61 63 71 75 69 74  |east I've acquit|
00000ee0  74 65 64 20 6d 79 73 65  6c 66 3a 20 62 79 20 74  |ted myself: by t|
00000ef0  72 75 73 74 69 6e 67 20  79 6f 75 2c 20 49 27 76  |rusting you, I'v|
00000f00  65 20 6e 6f 74 0a 6d 61  64 65 20 6d 79 73 65 6c  |e not.made mysel|
00000f10  66 20 61 20 72 6f 67 75  65 2e 20 54 72 75 73 74  |f a rogue. Trust|
00000f20  69 6e 67 20 70 65 6f 70  6c 65 20 69 73 20 6e 6f  |ing people is no|
00000f30  74 20 6e 65 63 65 73 73  61 72 69 6c 79 20 74 68  |t necessarily th|
00000f40  65 20 43 6f 72 72 65 63  74 0a 41 6e 73 77 65 72  |e Correct.Answer|
00000f50  20 28 73 6f 6d 65 20 70  65 6f 70 6c 65 2c 20 73  | (some people, s|
00000f60  75 63 68 20 61 73 20 4a  6f 68 6e 20 4c 65 6e 6e  |uch as John Lenn|
00000f70  6f 6e 2c 20 68 61 76 65  20 68 61 64 20 77 6f 72  |on, have had wor|
00000f80  73 65 20 63 72 69 6d 65  73 20 74 68 61 6e 0a 74  |se crimes than.t|
00000f90  68 65 66 74 20 63 6f 6d  6d 69 74 74 65 64 20 61  |heft committed a|
00000fa0  67 61 69 6e 73 74 20 74  68 65 6d 20 62 65 63 61  |gainst them beca|
00000fb0  75 73 65 20 6f 66 20 69  74 29 20 62 75 74 20 69  |use of it) but i|
00000fc0  74 20 69 73 20 61 74 20  6c 65 61 73 74 20 74 68  |t is at least th|
00000fd0  65 0a 52 69 67 68 74 20  41 6e 73 77 65 72 2e 0a  |e.Right Answer..|
00000fe0  20 20 20 20 48 61 76 69  6e 67 20 72 65 61 64 20  |    Having read |
00000ff0  74 68 69 73 20 64 6f 63  75 6d 65 6e 74 2c 20 79  |this document, y|
00001000  6f 75 20 67 65 74 20 6e  6f 20 70 72 69 7a 65 73  |ou get no prizes|
00001010  20 66 6f 72 20 77 6f 72  6b 69 6e 67 20 6f 75 74  | for working out|
00001020  0a 74 68 61 74 20 49 27  76 65 20 72 65 61 64 20  |.that I've read |
00001030  74 68 65 20 47 4e 55 20  4d 61 6e 69 66 65 73 74  |the GNU Manifest|
00001040  6f 2e 20 42 75 74 20 49  20 62 65 6c 69 65 76 65  |o. But I believe|
00001050  20 74 68 61 74 20 65 78  65 72 63 69 73 69 6e 67  | that exercising|
00001060  0a 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67  68 74 20 6d 65 61 6e 73  |.copyright means|
00001070  20 77 61 72 2c 20 61 6e  64 20 69 6e 20 61 6e 79  | war, and in any|
00001080  20 77 61 72 20 28 74 6f  20 22 63 6f 70 79 22 20  | war (to "copy" |
00001090  73 68 61 6d 65 6c 65 73  73 6c 79 20 74 68 65 0a  |shamelessly the.|
000010a0  63 6f 6e 63 6c 75 73 69  6f 6e 20 74 6f 20 74 68  |conclusion to th|
000010b0  65 20 66 69 6c 6d 20 57  61 72 20 47 61 6d 65 73  |e film War Games|
000010c0  29 20 74 68 65 20 6f 6e  6c 79 20 77 69 6e 6e 69  |) the only winni|
000010d0  6e 67 20 6d 6f 76 65 20  69 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 74  |ng move is not t|
000010e0  6f 0a 70 6c 61 79 2e 0a                           |o.play..|
000010e8