Utilities/Bins/!Trash/!ReadMe

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This website contains an archive of files for the Acorn Electron, BBC Micro, Acorn Archimedes, Commodore 16 and Commodore 64 computers, which Dominic Ford has rescued from his private collection of floppy disks and cassettes.

Some of these files were originally commercial releases in the 1980s and 1990s, but they are now widely available online. I assume that copyright over them is no longer being asserted. If you own the copyright and would like files to be removed, please contact me.

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Filename:	Utilities/Bins/!Trash/!ReadMe
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>$.!Trash.!ReadMe

                  Documentation for Trash Can Module V1.40
                  ----------------------------------------

*********************************** Notice ******************************
*                                                                       *
*  The documentation, source, binary and resources for the Trash Can,   *
*  whilst the copyright of Richard K. Lloyd, may be freely distributed  *
*          provided that this Notice is not altered in any way.         *
*                                                                       *
*************************************************************************

New features present in V1.40
-----------------------------

* Context-sensitive support for the !Help application has been (grudgingly)
  provided. I don't like !Help at all - it doesn't co-operate in a sensible
  way when you want to resize its window, you can't get help on menu options
  and, worst of all, it doesn't let you pass it more than 256 bytes or 4 lines
  of help text ! By the way, there's help for the Info Window too... :-)
  I'll tell you this: I've fiddled around with the help text so many times now
  I'm going blue in the face...I've had to cut it down to terse descriptions
  in four lines or less.

* The menu is now "persistent" i.e. it stays open if the right button is
  clicked on a menu item.

* The Trash Can module is now "Spark-aware" regardless of the order of
  installation. This wasn't easy and shows up a big hole in the Wimp SWI
  calls: there's no call to get a list of active Wimp task handles/names !
  I ended up sending a dummy broadcast, translating the handles returned
  into task names and comparing them with the "Spark" name...horrible :-(

* Two new sprites, !trash3 and !trash4, have been defined with an extra
  Spark-like "flash" - these are used to indicate that Spark is installed
  simultaneously with the Trash Can module.

* The 'feature' of the border turning red when the Trash Can is simply clicked
  on (with Warning and Immediate options enabled) rather than a file being
  dragged onto it has now been fixed i.e. removed.

How to install the Trash Can
----------------------------

The Trash Can module is supplied with the following files:

!Trash            : The application dir.
!Trash.!ReadMe    : This file.
!Trash.!Run       : An Obey file to set up the Trash Can (may need editing).
!Trash.!RunImage  : The Trash Can Module. Do NOT run this on its own.
!Trash.!Sprites   : Five trash can sprites...
                             !trash : Used in the Filer window
                    !trash1/!trash2 : Used on the icon bar
                    !trash3/!trash4 : As 1/2, but with an extra "flash"
                    Do NOT rename any of these sprites !
!Trash.Templates  : The definition, created by !FormEd, for the Info window.
!Trash.TrashSrc   : The heavily annotated source code.
!Trash.VanSprites : Six trash van sprites...
                    vanlft1..vanlft3 : 3-stage animation of left-pointing van
                    vanrgt1..vanrgt3 : Ditto, but for right-pointing van

The Trash Can Module has been designed to run from the Desktop by double-
clicking on the !Trash directory and, because it is a service utility, it
installs an icon on the left-hand side of the icon bar. Attempts to run it
outside the Desktop (by typing *!Trash) will install the Trash Can module
with a message informing you to enter the Desktop afterwards with a *Desktop
command to properly start up the utility.

Setting up the Trash$Dir directory
----------------------------------

The environmental variable Trash$Dir is read (and deliberately re-read
frequently during the module's life) - this should be set in the !Run file
to point to a directory where the trash is to be placed. If the directory
does not exist, then it will created when the first trashing or viewing of
the trash contents takes place.

The recommended settings are:

For hard disk owners:  Set Trash$Dir <Obey$Dir>.Trash
For floppy    owners:  Set Trash$Dir <Obey$Dir>.Trash
                  OR   Set Trash$Dir adfs:$.Trash
                  OR   Set Trash$Dir adfs:$.!Trash.Trash

Whatever you decide, Trash$Dir (after environmental variable expansion) MUST
contain the filing system name (usually adfs:) and at least ONE full-stop
(directory separator to give it its full title). Please note that there is
now a second environmental variable called TrashWork$Dir declared in the !Run
file. This is used by the Trash Can Module to locate the sprites and template
files it needs.

Problems with floppy disc-based Trash Can
-----------------------------------------

If you specify <Obey$Dir> in the Trash$Dir variable, then the disk with the
!Trash directory on it MUST be in a drive at all times. If it isn't, then
the Filer will prompt you for it VERY frequently...
   If you decide to rename the floppy disk (*NameDisc or whatever) that
contains the Trash$Dir directory, then you should restart the Trash Can by
double-clicking on !Trash again to get the new disk name read in.
   One tip for people who are panicking - define Trash$Dir as the string
'adfs:$.!Trash.Trash' (the third alternative mentioned above) and copy the
!Trash directory (without the TrashSrc file !) onto all your workdisks.

If you are still annoyed at having to fumble for disks, you can now enable
a new 'Immediate' option which will bypass the Trash$Dir directory and
immediately delete files that are dragged onto the Trash Can icon. This
is not recommended for hard disk owners unless you are short of hard disk
space.

Using the RAM Disk
------------------

Yes, it is possible to use the RAM Disk to store trashed files, but this has
some snags:

1. Files will always be COPIED/DELETED (assuming you are trashing an ADFS
   file) rather than renamed - making the trashing a lot slower process.

2. It's likely that the size of your RAM disc will not be large enough to
   trash many files (especially compared to a hard disk).

3. The biggest problem: A hard reset or a power off will lose the contents
   of the RAM disk - and hence all the files you trashed will be irrecoverable.

There are only two advantages as far as I can see:

1. Floppy owners won't have to keep the disk containing Trash$Dir in one
   of the drives all the time.

2. Emptying the trash is incredibly fast.

If, after all this, you still want to use the RAM Disk, change the Trash$Dir
line in the !Run file to:

Set Trash$Dir RAM:$.Trash

Make sure you have a fairly big RAMFsSize setting too (128K recommended).

The Trash Can Icon Bar Icon (now known as the 'Trash Can Icon')
---------------------------

There are TWO possible trash can icons depending on the state of the contents
of the Trash Can :

If Trash$Dir is empty or doesn't exist, then the thin icon (!trash1/3) is used.
If Trash$Dir is not empty, then the fat icon (!trash2/4) is used.

The icon is updated during any *SAVE,*RENAME,*DELETE,*WIPE,*COPY,*CREATE or
file opening for output, which should mean that it reflects the current
contents of Trash$Dir accurately.

Context-sensitive help will be shown if the pointer is moved over the Trash Can
Icon whilst the !Help window is open. Put more simply, the help text changes
depending on the current settings of the Immediate, Warning and Animation
modes.

If Spark is installed at the same time as the Trash Can module, then an extra
Spark-like "flash" is shown on the Trash Can icon.

Trashing Files
--------------

To trash a file, select it using the left button (right button if more than
one) and drag it over the trash can icon using the left button. If the
'Warning' and 'Immediate' options are both enabled, then the border will turn
red whilst the drag is over the Trash Can icon as a warning that a button
release will immediately and irretrieveably delete the dragged files.

If the 'Immediate' option is disabled, the Trash Can Module will attempt a
*Rename for speed. If this fails (and you're not trying to be clever by
dragging the Trash$Dir directory onto the trash can icon !), then a
*Copy/*Delete mechanism is used instead. Any identically named files in
Trash$Dir will be overwritten.

Lucky owners of V2.xx of Spark will be able to drag compressed files from
a Spark Archive window onto the Trash Can icon. The files will be decompressed
(to a temporary Wimp$Scrap file), moved to Trash$Dir and then deleted from the
original Archive. Please note: Due to the use of the Wimp$Scrap system,
an Archived directory will appear as an ARCHIVE FILE in Trash$Dir when it is
dragged onto the Trash Can.
PLEASE NOTE: Beta-test copies of Spark 2.00 do not behave properly with
             this facility (they have a tendency to fatally crash).
             Use the proper commercial release of Spark 2.00.

When you want to empty the contents of the Trash Can, select the 'Empty Trash'
memu item (see below). If the emptying of the Trash Can or the trashing of
files fails (e.g. write-protected disk, disk fault), then a standard error
dialogue box will appear (OK = retry, Cancel = abort). If the operations are
OK, but are taking longer than 1 second, then an Hourglass pointer will appear.

The Trash Can Window
--------------------

When the trash can icon is clicked on using the left or right buttons, a
Filer window is opened to show the current contents of Trash$Dir. All normal
Filer operations can be performed on this window, which makes it far more
flexible than all other Trash Can Windows I've seen to date (he says
modestly !). The Trash Can Window CANNOT be viewed whilst the Immediate option
is enabled.

The Trash Can Menu
------------------

When the trash can icon is clicked on using the middle button, a pop-up menu
appears as follows:

    Info      =>

    This is a version/author message displayed as a standard Info window,
    which can now be dragged around the screen for no apparent reason.
    It was created by !FormEd and saved in the Templates file. There is
    !Help text available for the Info Window (overkill, but since it uses
    a special 'auto-stamp' system for version/date stamping, it's worth
    mentioning).

    Immediate

    If this option is ticked, then any files dragged onto the Trash Can icon
    will be immediately and irretrieveably deleted. If is not ticked, then
    the files will be *Renamed (or *Copied/*Deleted) into the Trash$Dir
    directory instead. The Immediate option state is saved in Bit 0 of
    CMOS RAM location 38.

    Warning

    If this (and the 'Immediate' option) option is ticked, then the border
    will turn red whilst the pointer (during a file drag) is situated over the
    Trash Can icon. The border will also turn red if the 'Immediate' option is
    disabled and the 'Empty Trash' option is highlighted. These signal
    'dangerous' operations for the unwary... The Warning option state is saved
    in Bit 1 of CMOS RAM location 38.

    Animation

    If this option is ticked, then a simple Trash Van animation occurs on
    the icon bar whenever 'Empty Trash' is selected or when files are dragged
    onto the Trash Can icon with the 'Immediate' option enabled. The Animation
    option state is saved in Bit 2 of CMOS RAM location 38. Many thanks to
    Gary Bartlett for the inspiration and the sprite definitions !
    NOTE: The animation only works in 16-colour MODEs.

    Empty Trash

    This will appear 'shaded' (normally grey) if either Trash$Dir is empty or
    if the Immediate option is enabled, but solid if it contains any files and
    the Immediate option is disabled. THIS IS THE ONLY WAY TO CLEAR Trash$Dir
    using the Trash Can Module - direct drags from the Trash Can Window
    onto the trash can icon DO NOT delete the files (in fact, they get
    renamed onto themselves !).

    Quit      =>
    
    This points to a sub-menu which has two options:

    Quit      => Temporary

    This removes the Trash Can utility from the Desktop, but the module still
    remains in memory. You can, of course, use the Task Manager to Quit the
    Trash Can Module in an identical way. To reactivate, use the Task Manager's
    'New Task' to type *Desktop_TrashCan (you can use the f12 mechanism also)
    or simply exit and re-enter the Desktop (Shift-Ctrl-f12 then *Desktop).

    Quit      => Permanent    (this is the default if Quit is selected
                               on the MAIN menu)

    This not only removes the Trash Can Desktop utility but also kills the
    Trash Can module and unsets the two environmental variables used by it
    (Trash$Dir and TrashWork$Dir). This is the recommended way to completely
    remove the Trash Can program from the system.

The Trash Can Menu is now "persistent" - it remains open if the right button
is clicked on a menu item.

Recovering trashed files
------------------------

To recover files that have been trashed with the 'Immediate' option disabled
(assuming that you haven't emptied the trash yet), open the Trash Can Window
(left or right button) and SHIFT-drag the files from that window onto another
open Filer Window. Remember that holding down SHIFT during a file drag deletes
the files in the source window, which is what you want.

What can the Trash Can Module survive ?
---------------------------------------

Unlike BASIC versions of the Trash Can, this module can survive:

1.  Complete wipe of application workspace (e.g. *InitStore 0).
2.  Exit from and re-entry to the Desktop.
3.  A soft reset.
4.  *RMReInit TrashCan.             } Normally issued
5.  *RMTidy.                        } outside the Desktop
6.  Various run-time errors (e.g. missing sprites/templates, not enough RMA).
7.  *Unset Trash$Dir.
8.  Setting (the expanded) Trash$Dir longer than 63 characters.
9.  The Trash Can Temporary Quit option.
10. Shutdown of it via the Task Manager window.

Please note that 2, 4, 5, 9 and 10 above will cause a reload of the Trash Can
sprite and template files upon re-entry to the Desktop. If you are inside the
Desktop, the Trash Can can be restarted by issuing the *Desktop_TrashCan
command after any problems have been fixed.

It cannot survive:

1. A hard reset.
2. *RMKill TrashCan.
3. *RMClear.
4. The Trash Can Permanent Quit Option.
5. Power off and on (obvious !).

Known Problems (some of which may be fixed in the next release)
--------------

* Someone from Acorn claims that the border is flashed red when the
  pointer is moved over the "Empty Trash" menu item when it is actually
  greyed-out. I suspect that he was running a version of RISC OS higher than
  2.00, because I've been unable to reproduce this fault under any conditions.

* The Trash Van flickers due to the use of Wimp_SpriteOp (much slower than
  OS_SpriteOp). This can be solved by buying an ARM3 upgrade :-)

* The "!spark -d <file inside archive>" command in the command window of
  Spark 2.00 (15 Jun 90 version) quite often causes Spark to fatally crash.
  Unfortunately, this is the command the Trash Can module sends to Spark
  to delete an archive file...it's up to David Pilling to fix this I'm afraid.

Conclusion
----------

Well, that's it. My first multi-tasking RISC OS module. The Trash Can icons
were based (as was the idea of storing the files in a Trash directory) on
the Macintosh icons (ResEdit was rather handy...). At least my module doesn't
empty the trash when you start a new application or eject the disk (a
disgraceful oversight on the part of Apple) ! Have you seen a better Trash Can
program ? If so, let me know because my disks are full of them (although you
can now 'trash' all other Trash Cans apart from mine !!)...

I just realised something: the source code for this project is 86K long !
What started out as a quick and dirty hack has now become a labour of love
and I feel the quality of code now surpasses anything I have previously
released into the Public Domain. However, I'm hoping that the next version,
V1.50, will be last main release for some considerable time - updates after
V1.50 will simply be bug-fix releases (unless someone suggests a missing
feature that's not too difficult to include...).

Revision History
----------------

Supplied in the form of comments at the start of the source code. New features
in this latest release are described at the top of this document.

Future Enhancements (see "Known Problems" too)
-------------------

* Grab some RMA for buffer storage. In particular, the environmental variable
  translation buffer, the Filer_Open/CloseDir OS_CLI strings, the Wimp palette
  and the Help text (store the latter in an !Help text file and read at
  startup).

* Optional digitised sound playback when the trash is emptied. Now if only
  RISC OS had support for playing a digitised sound sample (rather than having
  to rely upon the third-party, but admittedly clever, SoundTracker module)...

Estimated Date of Release of V1.50
----------------------------------

Approximately December 1990, but no guarantees...
Likely to be last time I do any extensive work on this program.

A Plea From The Author
----------------------

If you make some USEFUL changes to the source or fix any bugs, can you please
send me those changes to the following address:

Snail Mail                   JANET e-mail
----------                   ------------

Richard K. Lloyd,            rkl@uk.ac.liv.cs.and
1, Banks Road,
Lower Heswall,
Wirral,
Merseyside. L60 9JS

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*
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*
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*
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000040d0  74 75 70 29 2e 0a 0a 2a  20 4f 70 74 69 6f 6e 61  |tup)...* Optiona|
000040e0  6c 20 64 69 67 69 74 69  73 65 64 20 73 6f 75 6e  |l digitised soun|
000040f0  64 20 70 6c 61 79 62 61  63 6b 20 77 68 65 6e 20  |d playback when |
00004100  74 68 65 20 74 72 61 73  68 20 69 73 20 65 6d 70  |the trash is emp|
00004110  74 69 65 64 2e 20 4e 6f  77 20 69 66 20 6f 6e 6c  |tied. Now if onl|
00004120  79 0a 20 20 52 49 53 43  20 4f 53 20 68 61 64 20  |y.  RISC OS had |
00004130  73 75 70 70 6f 72 74 20  66 6f 72 20 70 6c 61 79  |support for play|
00004140  69 6e 67 20 61 20 64 69  67 69 74 69 73 65 64 20  |ing a digitised |
00004150  73 6f 75 6e 64 20 73 61  6d 70 6c 65 20 28 72 61  |sound sample (ra|
00004160  74 68 65 72 20 74 68 61  6e 20 68 61 76 69 6e 67  |ther than having|
00004170  0a 20 20 74 6f 20 72 65  6c 79 20 75 70 6f 6e 20  |.  to rely upon |
00004180  74 68 65 20 74 68 69 72  64 2d 70 61 72 74 79 2c  |the third-party,|
00004190  20 62 75 74 20 61 64 6d  69 74 74 65 64 6c 79 20  | but admittedly |
000041a0  63 6c 65 76 65 72 2c 20  53 6f 75 6e 64 54 72 61  |clever, SoundTra|
000041b0  63 6b 65 72 20 6d 6f 64  75 6c 65 29 2e 2e 2e 0a  |cker module)....|
000041c0  0a 45 73 74 69 6d 61 74  65 64 20 44 61 74 65 20  |.Estimated Date |
000041d0  6f 66 20 52 65 6c 65 61  73 65 20 6f 66 20 56 31  |of Release of V1|
000041e0  2e 35 30 0a 2d 2d 2d 2d  2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d  |.50.------------|
000041f0  2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d  2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d  |----------------|
00004200  2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0a 0a  41 70 70 72 6f 78 69 6d  |------..Approxim|
00004210  61 74 65 6c 79 20 44 65  63 65 6d 62 65 72 20 31  |ately December 1|
00004220  39 39 30 2c 20 62 75 74  20 6e 6f 20 67 75 61 72  |990, but no guar|
00004230  61 6e 74 65 65 73 2e 2e  2e 0a 4c 69 6b 65 6c 79  |antees....Likely|
00004240  20 74 6f 20 62 65 20 6c  61 73 74 20 74 69 6d 65  | to be last time|
00004250  20 49 20 64 6f 20 61 6e  79 20 65 78 74 65 6e 73  | I do any extens|
00004260  69 76 65 20 77 6f 72 6b  20 6f 6e 20 74 68 69 73  |ive work on this|
00004270  20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d  2e 0a 0a 41 20 50 6c 65  | program...A Ple|
00004280  61 20 46 72 6f 6d 20 54  68 65 20 41 75 74 68 6f  |a From The Autho|
00004290  72 0a 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d  2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d  |r.--------------|
000042a0  2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d  0a 0a 49 66 20 79 6f 75  |--------..If you|
000042b0  20 6d 61 6b 65 20 73 6f  6d 65 20 55 53 45 46 55  | make some USEFU|
000042c0  4c 20 63 68 61 6e 67 65  73 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65  |L changes to the|
000042d0  20 73 6f 75 72 63 65 20  6f 72 20 66 69 78 20 61  | source or fix a|
000042e0  6e 79 20 62 75 67 73 2c  20 63 61 6e 20 79 6f 75  |ny bugs, can you|
000042f0  20 70 6c 65 61 73 65 0a  73 65 6e 64 20 6d 65 20  | please.send me |
00004300  74 68 6f 73 65 20 63 68  61 6e 67 65 73 20 74 6f  |those changes to|
00004310  20 74 68 65 20 66 6f 6c  6c 6f 77 69 6e 67 20 61  | the following a|
00004320  64 64 72 65 73 73 3a 0a  0a 53 6e 61 69 6c 20 4d  |ddress:..Snail M|
00004330  61 69 6c 20 20 20 20 20  20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20  |ail             |
00004340  20 20 20 20 20 20 4a 41  4e 45 54 20 65 2d 6d 61  |      JANET e-ma|
00004350  69 6c 0a 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d  2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 20 20  |il.----------   |
00004360  20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20  20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20  |                |
00004370  2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d  2d 2d 2d 2d 0a 0a 52 69  |------------..Ri|
00004380  63 68 61 72 64 20 4b 2e  20 4c 6c 6f 79 64 2c 20  |chard K. Lloyd, |
00004390  20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20  20 20 20 72 6b 6c 40 75  |           rkl@u|
000043a0  6b 2e 61 63 2e 6c 69 76  2e 63 73 2e 61 6e 64 0a  |k.ac.liv.cs.and.|
000043b0  31 2c 20 42 61 6e 6b 73  20 52 6f 61 64 2c 0a 4c  |1, Banks Road,.L|
000043c0  6f 77 65 72 20 48 65 73  77 61 6c 6c 2c 0a 57 69  |ower Heswall,.Wi|
000043d0  72 72 61 6c 2c 0a 4d 65  72 73 65 79 73 69 64 65  |rral,.Merseyside|
000043e0  2e 20 4c 36 30 20 39 4a  53 0a                    |. L60 9JS.|
000043ea

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