PD/ArmSi/!ArmSI/!Help

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This website contains an archive of files for the Acorn Electron, BBC Micro, Acorn Archimedes, Commodore 16 and Commodore 64 computers, which Dominic Ford has rescued from his private collection of floppy disks and cassettes.

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Tape/disk:	Home » Archimedes archive » Acorn Computing » 1994 02 subscription disc.adf » 9402s
Filename:	PD/ArmSi/!ArmSI/!Help
Read OK:	✔
File size:	40CA bytes
Load address:	0000
Exec address:	0000

| > !Help
|
| Title         ArmSI application - Speed Indexer for Acorn RISC machines
| Authors       J.Abbott & Nick Smith
| Version       3.31H (21-Nov-92)
| Status        Public Domain, no distribution restrictions

Welcome to the all-new !ArmSI application - it was developed from !SI
v3.12 (written by 'J.Abbott') by Nick Smith to give a range of
interesting machine speed indexes for Acorn RISC machines.
 
Versions postfixed by H (for Hack 8-) are modified by Nick Smith because
!SI 3.12 was pretty poorly written I felt, and needed some work done
in a few places (user interface, RAM speed checks, etc) Once I started
on fixing the bugs, I began to think of lots of things to add to the
program ...

Thanks go to Owen Smith for ideas, some tech information & helping test
out some of the stranger hardware configurations. Thanks also to some
wonderful beta-testers; Paul Fidler & Holger Klingspohr.

I would be most interested in talking to Mr Abbott about !SI, but he
didn't bother to put his address in the original documentation - so I
have no way of getting in contact with him ! For the original authors'
comments - see the end of this file.

Note that to run the Dhrystones test you need ;
  - Version of the SharedCLibrary v3.75 or greater
  - The disc with !ArmSI in the drive (because it is a separate command)

Note that to run any FP computations you need ;
  - Some version of the FPEmulator loaded

If you load some old SI file into !ArmSI, then many of the fields in
the main window will not be available because that information wasn't
saved by !SI. Also, if you load some SI/ArmSI file from another 
machine, then remember to use 'Re-calculate' before playing around
with any improvements.

Some example SI files are including for your interest - ranging from
the lowest 1MB A310 (5900 Dhrystones) all the way up to my 'turbo'
A5000 (over 25000 Dhrystones 8-) ... Note my A5000 can run at 16.6MHz
RAM (*big* speed increase), but I don't currently have a RAM upgrade
card that can hack it ...

Users of old !SI may notice that the option to turn DRAM refresh on
or off has gone. In fact turning off DRAM is extremely dangerous -
and on some types of system/RAM chips can completely corrupt your
memory. So I decided to take the safe path, and remove all the code
which turns DRAM refresh on or off - keep it set to the RISC OS
default - you know it makes sense !

*** Wish list

  - Complete rewrite in C ?? This BASIC code is so disgusting !
  - More accurate calculations of everything
  - Support for VIDC20 8-)
  - Some timings for the new FPA chip (I am sure most of the
    indexes will be right off the window !)
  - Standard Whetstone (FP-Dhrystone) test
  - Proper filetype from Acorn
  - Option to turn ARM600 write buffer & cache on/off
  - BASIC/BASIC64 FP performance test
  - ID for VIDC enhancer, as well as different graphics cards
  - Disc I/O performance tests + index
  - A decent BASIC benchmark - any offers ??

*** Known bugs

If you can help me track these down (or even give me reproducable
circumstances) then I would be most grateful.

  - Sometimes the FPEmulator doesn't like being RMFaster'd, although
    I cannot duplicate the problem on my machine.
  - Sometimes stupid FP results are given - again I can't reproduce
    the problem ... So if you see an EXP of 0.72 and a SIN of 11.12
    then it is probably messed up !

*** Contacts

Please send me any bugreports, comments, ideas for new features, etc.
I can be contacted at the following address, at least until Jul '94 ;

Nick Smith
Churchill College
Cambridge
CB3 0DS                 nas20@uk.ac.cam.phx (JANET/Internet email)

*** Distribution

This software is 'Public Domain'. You may copy and distribute it
without restriction - include it on magazine discs, with commercial
products (eg, ARM3 upgrades), etc, etc. I you do include it with
commercial hardware, I'd really like to know about it too.

*** Revision history

Modifications to v3.20H (05-Nov-92)
  - Removed all line number references in BASIC code (first job in any
    BASIC hack!)
  - Made iconbar menu appear in correct place!
  - Misc mods to templates
  - Did new code to read RAM speed - old stuff was rubbish I think (at
    least it never returned anything useful for >8MHz memory)
  - Possibly removed RO2.xx compatibility - oh well 8-)
  - Changed ROM speed reading code based on speed of memory speed (ie, 
    memory system clock)

Modifications to v3.21H (07-Nov-92)
  - Restructured application - moved Templates & Code to a 'Resources'
    directory.
  - Added 'Dhrystone' benchmark to application - uses standard Dhrystone
    version 2.1 (May 25, 1988) with no optimisations
    Full source is included, as is a Makefile for recompilation with
    different settings
  - Generally did lots of code tidying & documentation
  - Re-did main 'System Information' window, renumbering icons as I went
    to tidy up redraw (argh - icons should be numbered from 0 at top -> )
  - Added 'Available ROM' (shows 5th column ROM info too)
  - Added display of ROM speed (2,3,4 ticks, or Page mode access)
  - Added 'IOEB chip set information'
  - Added FPA coprocessor recognition
  - Added 'Additional details:' section ;
        RISC OS version
        Video screen mode, resolution, colours & refresh rate
        Unique machine ID reading
        Floating point identification (Old FPE, New FPE, FPPC, FPA chip)
        Dhrystone results (microseconds/loop, dhrystones/sec)
  - Did all this silly documentation (!)
  - Now wasn't all this more useful than going to a 'Use of the IBM 3084
    mainframe' lecture ?? 8-)

Modifications to v3.22H (08-Nov-92)
  - Generally wrote the support code for all the above features which
    didn't get done yesterday ...
  - Integrated the Dhrystone index into the application (or at least it
    gets run by the main application)
  - Added recognition of FPPC (Old Acorn FP card)
  - Renumbered some more icons to fix icon delete/recreate problems
  - Added snazzy 'machine identification' code which guesses your
    machine type
  - Recalibrated ARM instruction indexes based on 1.000 being an old
    1MB A310 (MEMC1, 8MHz ARM2), rather than the previous 'perfect' ARM2
    whatever that might have been !

Modifications to v3.23H (09-Nov-92)
  - Fixed so that prompts for disc with Dhrystone command to be 
    inserted (*before* video DMA turned off!)
  - Reduced no. of Dhrystone loops so not so slow on ARM2
  - Recalibrates old SI files when loaded so that 1.00 = 310, 8MHz ARM2
  - Removed all the 'MOVNV R0,R0' instructions in app, now MOV R0, R0
  - Added ARM250 processor recognition (for A3010/3020/4000/etc)
  - Reads MEMC type from zero page in SVC mode (in case users/OS have
    zero page protected)
  - Open main window on a load operation of SI file
  - Improved error messages & error handling (what sort of idiot defines
    an error block of 64 bytes ?? sigh)
  - Closes menu on saving via key press/mouse click
  - Extended window widths to allow for the higher speeds that I am
    getting ... Almost certainly not enough for the FPA when it arrives!

Modifications to v3.24H (10-Nov-92)
  - Renamed to !ArmSI because I felt it was a more identifiable name,
    and it also distinguishes the program from the original !SI app.
  - Identifies ARM2as/ARM61 processors (cannot tell the difference)
  - Identifies ARM600/610 or ARM600 processors
  - Changed ROM speed terminology - should be 'n-cycles'
  - Sent out to a few people for a little bit of testing ...
  - New Sprites, and a !Sprites22 file.
  - Now identifies A500 (A310 protoype), with a VIDC1 chip

Modifications to v3.25H (11-Nov-92)
  - Improved !Sprites22, but they still aren't very good !
  - Added some more improvements ;
        *RMFaster BASIC on/off
        *RMFaster FPEmulator on/off
        ARM3 cache on/off
    Yes - you can *RMFaster BASIC in the middle of a BASIC program
    (well I was impressed!) Note that the FPEmulator can only be
    RMFaster'd if you have it in ROM (RO3.xx owners)
  - Made sure that all zero page reads are done from SVC mode
  - Because of the new facilities, 3.25 cannot read the SI files
    created with 3.20->3.24 (although it can read 1.xx, 2.xx and
    pre 3.20), because it seemed too much effort - there hasn't
    been a public release yet, and there is a new file format every
    day !
  - ADJUST-click on icon bar open FP info window

Modifications to v3.26H (13-Nov-92)
  - Now shouldn't moan on startup if you have no FPEmulator module
    present.
  - Strange problem with DRAM refresh changing at random points -
    think it fixed now. Probably due to Mr.Abbott's enthusiastic
    use of real variables when he should have been using integers!
  - A500 test had to be changed. Looks like the OS frigs the RTC
    calls 8-( So now uses the keyboard ID, instead of the RTC
    precision.
  - Memory bandwidth/Video bandwidth/etc calculations should now
    be more accurate. The memory bandwidth is based on 1 n-cycle +
    3 s-cycle RAM access, and so will actually give lower results
    than previous versions.
    The video/dram refresh calculations now take into account the
    refresh rate of the screen (!) and also use the better memory
    bandwidth value.
  - Slightly more accurate video refresh code, but it looks like I
    am underestimating both refresh rate & video bandwidth values
    slightly ...
  - Far too much debugging to get the code to work on a 1MB, RO2,
    MEMC1, ARM2 A310 8-(

Modifications to v3.27H (16-Nov-92)
  - Now reads total RAM size sensibly (uses OS_ReadMemMapInfo)
    to correctly identify >4MB
  - Moved all the Bxx% variables (for bar icon nos) into an array
  - Lots of code documentation, tidying up & LOCAL variables ...
    If you think the code is messy now, you should have seen 3.12 !
  - Now echoes unrecognized key presses with Wimp_ProcessKey
  - Paged mode access ROMs option is always greyed out under OS3

Modifications to v3.30H (18-Nov-92)
  - Better ARM610 identification (processor type=&61)
  - Complete removal of DRAM refresh code (serious side effects can
    occur) Still reports the DRAM refresh status, but doesn't let
    you change it.
  - Replaced the DRAM refresh menu option with one for Video DMA,
    so that during tests you can either have the video DMA turned off
    or on. Old versions always turned off Video/Sound DMA for max
    speed ratings !
  - RAM size now displays page size, and number of pages. (eg, ARM600
    has 4K pages, while old MEMC1/1a machines will have 8, 16 or
    32K pages)
  - Final beta-release before the public release.

Modifications to v3.31H (21-Nov-92)
  - Some final small changes for the first public release (wow!) ;
  - ID's PCATS graphics enhancer card
  - Clicks to open windows opens them at top of window stack
  - Compiled a nice collection of SI files from different machines
  - Fixed 5th Column ROM reading code (thanks to Owen making me my
    own custom 5th column ROM!)
  - Increased the number of Dhrystone loops performed from 50,000
    to 75,000 - my A5000 at top speed goes too fast for 50,000 to
    have accurate results !! 8-)
  - Public release #1 to Newcastle info-server & comp.binaries.acorn

*** Techie details

Below I briefly detail how each section of SI gives its results - for
more details look at the code. The important routines are PROCcalcsi
and PROCdisplaysi.

Available RAM - MEMC tells you the page size, and so total RAM can be
        easily worked out. Uses OS_ReadMemMapInfo call.

Available ROM - tricky ... Currently we just guess based on the OS 
        version.

5th Column ROMs - you don't notice this feature unless you have
        5th column ROMs, but the program finds the number of extension
        ROMs with Podule_ReturnNumber, and then counts the total size
        of code/data using Podule_EnumerateChunksWithInfo - so you
        get the cumulative total of data - not the capacity of the 
        ROMs when full ...

ROM Speed - we know the number of n-cycles per ROM access (from MEMC),
        so this is multiplied by the current RAM Speed.

RAM Speed - the operating system works this out on startup, and so we
        just ask nicely (zero page location).

DRAM refresh - a MEMC returned result (you use OS_UpdateMEMC SWI for
        all these MEMC read/writes)

MEMC type - zero page location gives MEMC1 or MEMC1a type, as worked
        out by the OS.

IOC type - unknown - call it IOC1 !

IOEB type - under RO3.xx an OS_ReadSysInfo call returns this, and 
        whether one is present or not. IOEB can only exist on RO3.xx
        and greater machines.

VIDC type - assume a VIDC1a (most machines), unless an A500 computer.
        The A500 is ID'd using the fact that 99% of all the A500s 
        have RTCs with 30 second precision. A500s have VIDC1 chips.
        Actually this test doesn't work because of the OS simulating
        the RTC 8-( Instead we use the keyboard ID byte ... If you
        have an A500 with a new keyboard - tough!

ARM type - see the assembler code at the end of the main program.
        ARM1 chips don't do multiply, ARM2 chips don't do SWP 
        instructions, ARM250 chips don't have coprocessor 15
        (internal), and all later chips can be ID'd from a status
        register inside coprocessor 15.

FPA type - Again, a coprocessor transfer as defined in the Acorn
        FP specs (see PRMs) which can ID software/hardware FP
        details.

Periph Ctrlr - OS_ReadSysInfo call under RO3 can ID the 82C710 or
        82C711 peripheral controller chip which handles the IDE
        interface, etc.

LCD ASIC - only present in A4 portables, this chip does the
        fancy 15-greyscale display, and is ID'd using OS_ReadSysInfo

RO ver - Read from OS_Byte,0,0

Video screen mode - read from the BASIC 'MODE' command, and a 
        selection of OS_ReadModeVariable calls

Unique machine ID - only present on modern RO3 machines (A3010/3020/
        A4000/5000/A4/etc) read using OS_ReadSysInfo call

Details of most of the calls listed above can be found in the RISC OS3
Programmers Reference Manual, available from your local Acorn Dealer 8-)

========================================================================

Original Authors Notes:-

 1) Instructions timings are accurate to within:

                 4 * MCLK
                 --------   
                     i
 
          where 
               i    is the number of instructions tested
               MCLK is the system clock (125 nS on an 8 MHz machine)

    ARM instructions are therfore calculated to within 2 nS +- 2%
 2) ARM Speed in MIPS is calculated as the average number of each
    instruction Group in a test sample of 1000 instructions
 3) IOC and VIDC types remain Unknown at present
 4) Checks are made for all processors known to date. ie. ARM 1,2 and 3
 5) Interrupts and DMA requests are stopped whilst calculations are
    taking place
 6) Looped instructions are calculated as one instruction of the specific
    Group + one Group 1 + one group 4 instruction
 7) Instruction timings are calculated during Video Flyback, and are
    therefore dependant on the Video Flyback period and DRAM refresh
    (large modes with no vertical boarders will affect results)
 8) Group 1a results on ARM 2's do not take account of the hardware bug
    (instructions take 24 S cycles rather than the maximum of 16)
 9) Instruction indexes are relative to a perfect ARM 2 running at 8 MHz
10) FPU instruction speeds are calculated by either 3, 16 or 80
    instructions depending upon the instruction in question.  
11) FPU instructions are calculated to within 167 nS, 31 nS or 6 ns +- 2%
    dependent upon the instruction
11) FPU indexes include both register values and immediate values in the
    form #1.0
12) FPU speed in FLOPS is calculated as the total number of instructions
    divided by the time taken, this does not take account of common
    instructions
13) All FPU calculations with the exception of STF and LDF are done in
    extended precision.  STF and LDF are packed decimal precision



Modifications to v1.00
  - Group 4 index
  - Looped instruction indexes

Modifications to v2.00
  - FPU indexes

Modifications to v3.00
  - Improved icon updating

Modifications to v3.04
  - Check FPU/FPEmulator present

Modifications to v3.07
  - Improved Group 4 looped instruction index
  - Improved FPU instruction timings

Modifications to v3.09
  - Improved window handling
  - Modified bandwidth calculations for ARM 2 machines

========================================================================

00000000  7c 20 3e 20 21 48 65 6c  70 0a 7c 0a 7c 20 54 69  || > !Help.|.| Ti|
00000010  74 6c 65 20 20 20 20 20  20 20 20 20 41 72 6d 53  |tle         ArmS|
00000020  49 20 61 70 70 6c 69 63  61 74 69 6f 6e 20 2d 20  |I application - |
00000030  53 70 65 65 64 20 49 6e  64 65 78 65 72 20 66 6f  |Speed Indexer fo|
00000040  72 20 41 63 6f 72 6e 20  52 49 53 43 20 6d 61 63  |r Acorn RISC mac|
00000050  68 69 6e 65 73 0a 7c 20  41 75 74 68 6f 72 73 20  |hines.| Authors |
00000060  20 20 20 20 20 20 4a 2e  41 62 62 6f 74 74 20 26  |      J.Abbott &|
00000070  20 4e 69 63 6b 20 53 6d  69 74 68 0a 7c 20 56 65  | Nick Smith.| Ve|
00000080  72 73 69 6f 6e 20 20 20  20 20 20 20 33 2e 33 31  |rsion       3.31|
00000090  48 20 28 32 31 2d 4e 6f  76 2d 39 32 29 0a 7c 20  |H (21-Nov-92).| |
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000000e0  6d 65 20 74 6f 20 74 68  65 20 61 6c 6c 2d 6e 65  |me to the all-ne|
000000f0  77 20 21 41 72 6d 53 49  20 61 70 70 6c 69 63 61  |w !ArmSI applica|
00000100  74 69 6f 6e 20 2d 20 69  74 20 77 61 73 20 64 65  |tion - it was de|
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00000120  0a 76 33 2e 31 32 20 28  77 72 69 74 74 65 6e 20  |.v3.12 (written |
00000130  62 79 20 27 4a 2e 41 62  62 6f 74 74 27 29 20 62  |by 'J.Abbott') b|
00000140  79 20 4e 69 63 6b 20 53  6d 69 74 68 20 74 6f 20  |y Nick Smith to |
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000001b0  62 79 20 48 20 28 66 6f  72 20 48 61 63 6b 20 38  |by H (for Hack 8|
000001c0  2d 29 20 61 72 65 20 6d  6f 64 69 66 69 65 64 20  |-) are modified |
000001d0  62 79 20 4e 69 63 6b 20  53 6d 69 74 68 20 62 65  |by Nick Smith be|
000001e0  63 61 75 73 65 0a 21 53  49 20 33 2e 31 32 20 77  |cause.!SI 3.12 w|
000001f0  61 73 20 70 72 65 74 74  79 20 70 6f 6f 72 6c 79  |as pretty poorly|
00000200  20 77 72 69 74 74 65 6e  20 49 20 66 65 6c 74 2c  | written I felt,|
00000210  20 61 6e 64 20 6e 65 65  64 65 64 20 73 6f 6d 65  | and needed some|
00000220  20 77 6f 72 6b 20 64 6f  6e 65 0a 69 6e 20 61 20  | work done.in a |
00000230  66 65 77 20 70 6c 61 63  65 73 20 28 75 73 65 72  |few places (user|
00000240  20 69 6e 74 65 72 66 61  63 65 2c 20 52 41 4d 20  | interface, RAM |
00000250  73 70 65 65 64 20 63 68  65 63 6b 73 2c 20 65 74  |speed checks, et|
00000260  63 29 20 4f 6e 63 65 20  49 20 73 74 61 72 74 65  |c) Once I starte|
00000270  64 0a 6f 6e 20 66 69 78  69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20  |d.on fixing the |
00000280  62 75 67 73 2c 20 49 20  62 65 67 61 6e 20 74 6f  |bugs, I began to|
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000002a0  66 20 74 68 69 6e 67 73  20 74 6f 20 61 64 64 20  |f things to add |
000002b0  74 6f 20 74 68 65 0a 70  72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 2e  |to the.program .|
000002c0  2e 2e 0a 0a 54 68 61 6e  6b 73 20 67 6f 20 74 6f  |....Thanks go to|
000002d0  20 4f 77 65 6e 20 53 6d  69 74 68 20 66 6f 72 20  | Owen Smith for |
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00000530  0a 4e 6f 74 65 20 74 68  61 74 20 74 6f 20 72 75  |.Note that to ru|
00000540  6e 20 61 6e 79 20 46 50  20 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 61  |n any FP computa|
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*
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00004040  68 61 6e 64 6c 69 6e 67  0a 20 20 2d 20 4d 6f 64  |handling.  - Mod|
00004050  69 66 69 65 64 20 62 61  6e 64 77 69 64 74 68 20  |ified bandwidth |
00004060  63 61 6c 63 75 6c 61 74  69 6f 6e 73 20 66 6f 72  |calculations for|
00004070  20 41 52 4d 20 32 20 6d  61 63 68 69 6e 65 73 0a  | ARM 2 machines.|
00004080  0a 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d  3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d  |.===============|
00004090  3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d  3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d  |================|
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000040c0  3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d  3d 0a                    |=========.|
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