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ass.info7
This website contains an archive of files for the Acorn Electron, BBC Micro, Acorn Archimedes, Commodore 16 and Commodore 64 computers, which Dominic Ford has rescued from his private collection of floppy disks and cassettes.
Some of these files were originally commercial releases in the 1980s and 1990s, but they are now widely available online. I assume that copyright over them is no longer being asserted. If you own the copyright and would like files to be removed, please contact me.
| Tape/disk: | Home » Personal collection » Commodore disks » disk43a_sound_system.d64 |
| Filename: | ass.info7 |
| Read OK: | ✔ |
| File size: | 3449 bytes |
| Load address: | 8000 |
| Exec address: | 0000 |
File contents
" advanced sound system " " pROGRAMMING AND TEXT BY dOMINIC �ORD " " tHIS PROGRAM ALLOWS THE USER TO "ENTER MUSIC INTO A cOMMODORE 64/128 "COMPUTER, AND THEN TO PLAY THE MUSIC "BACK, WITHOUT HAVING TO TYPE ENDLESS "MEANINGLESS NUMBERS INTO THE "COMPUTER, BUT INSTEAD USING GRAPHIC "SYSTEM. iT IS DESIGNED TO ALLOW THE "USER TO BOTH TRANSPOSE MUSIC FROM A "SCORE, OR TO COMPOSE MUSIC FROM "FRESH. " �HE PROGRAM IS MAINLY CONTROLLED "USING A MOUSE POINTER, WHICH MAY BE "MOVED USING A MOUSE OR JOYSTICK "PLUGGED INTO CONTROL PORT ��, OR "USING THE FOLLOWING KEYS: " " � - �EFT " � - �IGHT " ; - �P " / - �OWN " ������ - �LICK " " iN THESE INSTRUCTIONS i SHALL "ASSUME THAT YOU HAVE A BASIC "KNOWLEDGE OF MUSIC THEORY, AND SO "KNOW BASIC DEFINITIONS, SUCH AS A "CROTCHET, AND A MINIM. iF YOU DO NOT "HAVE ANY SUCH KNOWLEDGE YOU CAN STILL "USE THE PROGRAM. i SUGGEST THAT YOU "READ THIS TEXT, AND THEN PLAY WITH "THE PROGRAM AND THE DEMONSTRATION "FILE FOR A WHILE. yOU SHOULD SOON GET "THE HANG OF USING THE EDITOR TO ENTER "AND LISTEN TO MUSIC. iF YOU WISH TO "TRANSCRIBE MUSIC FROM A SCORE, SIMPLY "COPY IT EXACTLY FROM THE SCORE INTO "THE EDITOR. " "selecting a particular type of note " " tO SELECT A NOTE, SIMPLY CLICK "ON THE ICON SHOWING THE NOTE YOU WANT "USING THE POINTER. aLL NOTES WHICH "YOU PLACE ON THE STAVE WILL NOW BE OF "THE TYPE WHICH YOU SELECTED. tHOSE "ICONS WHICH ARE AT THE BOTTOM OF THE "SCREEN ARE USED TO SELECT DIFFERENT "LENGTHS OF NOTES, WHILE THOSE FOUR "WHICH ARE IN THE LEFT HAND COLUMN ARE "USED TO SELECT BAR LINES, DOUBLE BAR "LINES, AND REPEATS. tHE BUTTONS WHICH "SELECT TYPES OF NOTES MAY EASILY BE "RECOGNISED, BECAUSE THEY ARE LARGER "THAN THE OTHER BUTTONS, AND ARE "SQUARE. yOU CAN ALSO TELL WHICH OF "THESE NOTE ICONS IS SELECTED, BECAUSE "IT IS�HIGHLIGHTED IN BLUE. " "placing notes on the stave " " tO PLACE A NOTE ON THE STAVE, "MOVE THE POINTER TO WHERE YOU WANT "THE NOTE TO BE, AND THEN CLICK. a "NOTE OF THE TYPE SELECTED WILL THEN "APPEAR UNDER THE POINTER. iF YOU THEN "CHANGE YOUR MIND, AND WISH TO REMOVE "THE NOTE, SIMPLY PLACE ANOTHER NOTE "ON TOP OF THE OLD ONE, AND IT WILL "DISAPPEAR. " iF YOU WANT TO ADD ACCIDENTALS "SELECT THE ONE OF THE FOUR SMALL "BUTTONS IN THE BOTTOM RIGHT CORNER "WHICH SHOWS THE TYPE OF ACCIDENTAL "YOU WISH TO USE. aS WITH THE NOTE "TYPE ICONS, YOU CAN TELL WHICH IS "SELECTED BY WHICH IS HIGHLIGHTED IN "BLUE. " iF YOUR MUSIC HAS A KEY "SIGNITURE, YOU MUST USE THE "ACCIDENTALS ON THE INDIVIDUAL NOTES "THROUGHOUT THE PIECE, AS YOU CANNOT "USE A KEY SIGNITURE WITH THIS "PROGRAM. iT SHOULD ALSO BE NOTED THAT "ACCIDENTALS ARE NOT CARRIED THROUGH "ALL THE NOTES IN THE BAR. iF YOU WISH "TO HAVE SEVERAL f#S IN A BAR, FOR "EXAMPLE, YOU CANNOT SIMPLY PLACE A "SHARP ACCIDENTAL BESIDE THE FIRST f "IN THE BAR, BUT MUST PLACE AN "ACCIDENTAL BESIDE ALL OF THE fS WHICH "ARE TO BECOME f#. " "dotted notes " " tO THE RIGHT OF THE NOTE TYPE "ICONS, YOU WILL SEE A SMALL BUTTON "WITH A DOT IN THE CENTRE. tHIS IS THE "DOTTED BUTTON. iT HAS TWO STATES: on "(BLUE) AND off (BLACK). wHEN THIS IS "SELECTED, ALL NOTES PLACED ON THE "SCORE WILL HAVE A DOT AFTER THEM, AND "WILL BE PLAYED FOR ONE AND A HALF "TIMES THEIR USUAL LENGTH. " "bar divisions " " �IECES OF MUSIC ARE USUALLY "DIVIDED INTO EQUAL PARTS KNOWN AS "BARS. �HESE BARS ARE ALL PRECISELY "THE SAME LENGTH IN TERMS OF THE TIME "TAKEN TO PLAY THEM, AS OPPOSED TO "LENGTH OF SCORE TAKEN UP ON THE "SCREEN. � BAR CONTAINING�8 QUAVERS, "FOR�EXAMPLE,�TAKES UP TWICE AS MUCH "SPACE ON THE�SCREEN AS A BAR OF�FOUR "CROTCHETS,�YET�BECAUSE�QUAVERS�TAKE "HALF AS�LONG TO��PLAY AS�CROTCHETS, "OVERALL�THEY TAKE�THE SAME�TIME TO "PLAY, AND SO ARE EQUAL LENGTHED BARS. " �ARS ARE DIVIDED ON THE SCORE BY "BAR DIVIDERS. �Y FAR THE MOST COMMON "IS THE NORMAL BAR LINE, WHICH HAS NO "EFFECT ON THE FLOW OF THE MUSIC, BUT "SIMPLY MARK THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN TWO "BARS. �THER BAR DIVIDERS REPEAT "SECTIONS OF THE TUNE, AND MARK THE "END OF THE TUNE, AND MAKE THE PLAYER "STOP. �ARS MAY SOUND POINTLESS, BUT "THEY ARE VERY USEFUL AS LANDMARKS IN "A PIECE, AS A SECTION OF MUSIC COULD "BE REFERED TO AS '�ARS 40-42'. " tHERE ARE FOUR TYPES OF BAR "DIVISION WHICH MAY BE PLACED ON A "SCORE. tHESE MAY BE PLACED ON THE "SCORE JUST LIKE NOTES, THAT IS SIMPLY "BY SELECTING THEM, AND THEN CLICKING "ON THE SCORE. yOU MAY NOT PLACE BAR "LINES ON TOP OF NOTES, AND IF YOU TRY "TO DO SO YOU WILL RECEIVE AN ERROR "MESSAGE. iF YOU FIND THAT YOU HAVE "MISSED A BAR DIVISION, AND LEFT NO "SPACE FOR IT, YOU CAN�USE THE insert "FACILITY (SEE NOTE)�TO ADD A SPACE "FOR IT. " tHE FIRST TYPE OF BAR DIVISION "IS BAR LINES, WHICH HAVE NO ACTUAL "EFFECT ON THE PLAYER, BUT MAY BE USED "WITH THE goto FUNCTION, WHEREBY YOU "CAN TELL THE COMPUTER TO GOTO, OR "PLAY FROM, THE START OF THE SPECIFIC "BAR. tHIS COMES IN VERY USEFUL IN "LONGER PIECES, WHERE IT CAN TAKE A "LONG TIME FOR THE PLAYER TO REACH "THE PART OF THE MUSIC YOU WANT. " tHE goto FUNCTION CAN ALSO COME "IN HANDY IF YOU WANT TO HEAR THE PART "OF THE TUNE THAT YOU HAVE JUST "ENTERED, WITHOUT HAVING TO HEAR "EVERYTHING ELSE FIRST. " tHE SECOND DIVISION IS THE "DOUBLE BAR LINE (WHICH LOOKS LIKE TWO "BAR LINES VERY CLOSE TOGETHER). wHEN "THE PLAYER REACHS A DOUBLE BAR LINE, "IT STOPS, BECAUSE IT INDICATES THE "END OF THE MUSIC. iT IS IMPORTANT "THAT YOU REMEMBER TO ADD A DOUBLE BAR "LINE AT THE END OF THE MUSIC, BECAUSE "IF YOU DO NOT THE PLAYER WILL NOT "STOP AT THE END, BUT JUST CONTINUE "PLAYING NOTHING. tHIS MEANS THAT THE "PLAYER WILL STOP SOUNDING NOTES, BUT "NOT REGISTER THAT IT HAS FINISHED, "AND SO IT�WILL FREEZE UP. iF THIS "HAPPENS YOU MUST SELECT 'cancel' TO "FORCE THE PLAYER TO STOP. " tHE FINAL TWO BAR DIVISIONS ARE "REPEATS, AND CAN BE USED TO PLAY A "PART OF A TUNE TWICE. iF YOU PLACE "TWO REPEAT SIGNS (DOUBLE BAR LINES "WITH DOTS BESIDE THEM) EITHER SIDE OF "A SECTION OF MUSIC, THE PLAYER WILL "PLAY THE SECTION OF MUSIC BETWEEN THE "SIGNS TWICE. �HE DOTS DOWN THE SIDE "OF THE REPEAT SIGNS SHOULD BOTH POINT "INWARDS TOWARDS THE SECTION OF MUSIC "TO BE REPEATED. " �F YOU WANT THE PLAYER TO REPEAT "BACK TO THE BEGINNING OF THE PIECE OF "MUSIC, THERE IS NO NEED TO PLACE A "START OF REPEAT SIGN AT THE START OF "THE MUSIC, AS THIS IS AUTOMATICALLY "TAKEN AS THE START OF A REPEAT. yOU "MAY FIND THAT WHEN YOU TRY TO REPEAT "A SECTION OF THE MUSIC, THE COMPUTER "DOES NOT REPEAT, OR REPEATS THE WRONG "SECTION. tHIS MAY BE BECAUSE REPEAT "SIGNS WILL BE IGNORED UNLESS A 'START "OF REPEAT' SIGN HAS BEEN PASSED SINCE "THE LAST REPEAT SIGN. aNOTHER CAUSE "OF SUCH PROBLEMS MAY BE THAT REPEATS "CANNOT BE NESTED WITHIN EACH OTHER, "AND IF YOU TRY TO DO SO, THE PLAYER "WILL IGNORE MANY OF THE REPEATS. " yOU SHOULD ALSO BARE IN MIND "THAT IF YOU GOTO A BAR WITHIN A "REPEAT, THE COMPUTER WILL NOT REPEAT "AS IT WOULD WHEN PLAYED NORMALLY. " "entering rests " " iN THE VERY BOTTOM LEFT CORNER "OF THE SCREEN YOU WILL SEE TWO "BUTTONS MARKED rest AND note. tHIS "ACTS LIKE A SWITCH, SO THAT YOU ARE "EITHER IN REST MODE, OR NOTE MODE. iN "REST MODE YOU WILL FIND THAT WHEN YOU "TRY TO PLACE A NOTE ONTO THE SCORE, "IN FACT A REST WILL BE ENTERED. tHESE "ARE SIMPLY NOTES WHICH DO NOT SOUND. "tHEY CAN BE USEFUL TO ADD PAUSES INTO "YOUR MUSIC, OR TO DELAY THE PLAYER "FROM PLAYING CERTAIN NOTES TOO SOON. " "inserting and removing gaps " " wHEN YOU ARE ENTERING A PIECE OF "MUSIC IT IS IMPORTANT TO AVOID "LEAVING GAPS BETWEEN THE NOTES. tHIS "IS BECAUSE THE PLAYER WORKS ON THE "BASIS THAT EVERY TIME A NOTE "FINISHES, ALL OF THE NOTES ON THE "NEXT LINE ARE PLAYED. iF THERE ARE NO "NOTES IN THE NEXT COLUMN, THE PLAYER "MAY GET INTO A SITUATION WHERE IT IS "PLAYING NO NOTES, AND YET IS WAITING "FOR ONE TO FINISH. aS i HAVE ALREADY "SAID, IN SUCH CASES YOU MUST FORCE A "STOP USING THE 'cancel' FUNCTION. " iN ORDER TO HELP YOU TO AVOID "THIS, A DELETE ICON IS PROVIDED. tHE "ICON ACTS JUST LIKE ANOTHER TYPE OF "NOTE, UNTIL YOU PLACE IT ON THE "SCORE, WHICH WILL RESULT IN ALL THE "NOTES IN THE COLUMN BEING REMOVED, "AND THEN ALL THE NOTES TO THE RIGHT "OF YOUR POINTER MOVING LEFT TO FILL "IN THE GAP. " aN INSERT BUTTON IS ALSO "PROVIDED, WHICH HAS THE OPPOSITE "EFFECT TO DELETE. wHEN THIS IS "SELECTED, ALL OF THE NOTES TO THE "RIGHT OF THE POINTER WILL BE MOVED TO "THE RIGHT, AND A GAP WILL BE CREATED "UNDER THE CURSUR. tHIS IS USEFUL IF "YOU MISS OUT A NOTE OR BAR LINE, AND "WISH TO ADD IT. " "adding dynamics " " dYNAMICS IN A PIECE OF MUSIC ARE "CHANGES IN THE VOLUME. iN THIS "PROGRAM THEY ARE CONTROLLED BY A "SMALL SQUARE TO THE RIGHT OF THE PLAY "BUTTON. iF YOU CLICK ON THIS SQUARE, "YOU WILL SEE THAT IT CHANGES, AND "CYCLES THROUGH EIGHT DIFFERENT TYPES "OF DYNAMIC. tHE FIRST FIVE ARE: pp "(VERY QUIET), p (QUIET), mf (OF "MODERATE VOLUME), f (LOUD), ff (VERY "LOUD). tHE SIXTH AND SEVENTH DO NOT "SET THE VOLUME TO A SPECIFIC LEVEL, "BUT INSTEAD MAKE A SLOW CHANGE TO IT. "tHE SIXTH (<) MAKES THE MUSIC GET "LOUDER, AND THE SEVENTH (>) MAKES IT "GET QUIETER. tHESE CAN BE USED TO "VERY POWERFUL EFFECT, AS THE MOST "POWERFUL EFFECTS IN MUSIC OFTEN DO "NOT JUST USE LOUD AND SOFT, BUT SLOW "CHANGES BETWEEN THE TWO. tHE EIGHTH "SQUARE, WHICH APPEARS TO BE A BLANK "SQUARE MEANS THAT THERE IS NO CHANGE "TO THE VOLUME LEVEL, AND SO IT "REMAINS CONSTANT. " wHEN PLACED ON THE SCORE, THE "SELECTED DYNAMIC APPEARS JUST ABOVE "THE STAVES. tHIS MEANS THAT YOU CAN "SEE AS YOU LOOK ALONG THE SCORE WHERE "THE DYNAMICS WILL CHANGE, AND HOW "THEY WILL CHANGE. " "playing your music " " aT LAST! nOW YOU CAN ACTUALLY "HEAR YOUR CREATIONS. cLICK ON THE "play BUTTON TO START THE PLAYER. aS "YOU LISTEN TO THE MUSIC, THE SCORE "WILL SCROLL PAST, SO THAT YOU CAN SEE "THE NOTES AS THEY ARE BEING PLAYED. "iF YOU WANT TO STOP THE PLAYER, "SIMPLY CLICK ON THE cancel BUTTON. " tHE SPEED AT WHICH THE MUSIC IS "PLAYED CAN BE VARIED BY CLICKING ON "THE tempo BUTTON. tHE NUMBER "DISPLAYED SHOWS THE METRONOME MARKING "FOR THE PIECE. tO PUT IT SIMPLY, THE "HIGHER THE VALUE, THE FASTER THE "MUSIC. tHE VALUE IS ACTUALLY THE "NUMBER OF CROTCHETS WHICH WILL BE "PLAYED PER MINUTE. " "envelope design " " aS WELL AS CHANGING THE NOTES IN "A TUNE, THIS PROGRAM ALSO ALLOWS YOU "TO ALTER WHAT THE NOTES THEMSELVES "SOUND LIKE. tO DO SO CLICK ON THE "envelope BUTTON. wHEN A MUSICAL NOTE "IS PLAYED, THE TIME THAT IT IS "PLAYING FOR CAN BE DIVIDED UP INTO "FOUR SECTIONS: ATTACK, DECAY, "SUSTAIN, AND RELEASE. " wHEN A NOTE IS FIRST PLAYED, ITS "VOLUME RAISES FROM NOTHING TO FULL "VOLUME. tHE TIME TAKEN FOR THIS IS "attack. tHE VOLUME THEN FALLS AWAY "SLIGHTLY TO A LOWER LEVEL. tHIS LEVEL "IS SET BY sustain, AND IS "PROPORTIONAL TO THE FULL VOLUME WHICH "IS REACHED WHEN THE NOTE IS FIRST "PLAYED. iF YOU SET SUSTAIN TO BEING "MAXIMUM, THE NOTE WILL NOT FADE AT "ALL, WHEREAS IF IT IS AT ITS MINIMUM, "IT FADES AWAY COMPLETELY TO NOTHING. "tHE TIME TAKEN FOR THIS FADE IS SET "BY decay. fINALLY, THE LENGTH OF TIME "FOR THE NOTE TO FADE AWAY COMPLETELY "AFTER IT FINISHS MAY BE SET BY "release. yOU MAY THINK THAT CHANGING "THESE WOULD HAVE LITTLE EFFECT ON THE "SOUND, BUT THE EFFECTS WHICH CAN BE "ACHIEVED CAN BE AMAZING. " tHE WAVEFORM OF THE NOTES, OR "SHAPE OF THE SOUND WAVES BEING "EMITTED, CAN ALSO BE ALTERED. tHERE "ARE FOUR WAVEFORMS AVAILABLE: "triangle, sawtooth, pulse, AND white "noise. iF THE pulse WAVEFORM IS "SELECTED, THEN YOU MUST ALSO SELECT A "pulse width. iT IS VERY DIFFICULT TO "EXPLAIN THE EFFECTS OF THESE "VARIABLES, AND SO i THINK THE ONLY "WAY FOR YOU TO LEARN TO USE THEM IS "TO EXPERIMENT WITH DIFFERENT "SETTINGS. iT MAY ALSO HELP YOU TO "READ THE SECTION IN THE uSER mANUAL "ON SOUND WAVEFORMS, TO SEE THE "DIAGRAMS OF THE DIFFERENT WAVE TYPES "(PAGES 91/92). sIMILAR DIAGRAMS CAN "ALSO BE SEEN IN MOST OTHER "PROGRAMMING TUTORIAL BOOKS. " "disc operations " " tHIS PROGRAM ALLOWS YOU TO SAVE "YOUR WORK ONTO A DISC, AND THEN TO "RELOAD IT AT A LATER DATE. sIMPLY "CLICK ON THE load OR save BUTTONS, "AND THEN ENTER THE APPROPIATE "FILENAME. iF A DISC ERROR OCCURS, YOU "WILL BE INFORMED BY AN ERROR BOX OF "THE ERROR. aNOTHER WAY TO READ THE "DISC STATUS BY CLICKING ON THE status "BUTTON. " iF YOU WISH TO READ THE "DIRECTORY OF A DISC, SIMPLY CLICK ON "directory. tHIS WILL TELL YOU THE "NAMES OF ALL OF THE FILES ON THE "DISK. fILES SAVED BY THIS PROGRAM MAY "EASILY BE RECOGNISED, BECAUSE THEY "ALWAYS HAVE THE PREFIX OF 'mus.'. yOU "DO NOT NEED TO TYPE THIS PREFIX WHEN "LOADING OR SAVING MUSIC FILES FROM "THE PROGRAM ITSELF. " �N THE DISC WITH THE PROGRAM, "YOU WILL ALSO FIND A DEMOSTRATION "MUSIC FILE CALLED 'moon', WHICH IS A "TRANSCRIPTION OF bEETHOVEN'S FAMOUS "mOONLIGHT sONATA. " "clearing music from memory " " iF YOU WISH TO RESET THE "PROGRAM, AND START ON A FRESH PIECE "OF MUSIC, YOU MAY DO SO BY SELECTING "clear. bE CAREFUL TO REMEMBER THAT "THERE IS NO WAY TO RETRIEVE YOUR "MUSIC AFTER SELECTING clear, AND SO "YOUR MUSIC WILL BE LOST. " "quitting the program " " tO LEAVE THE PROGRAM, CLICK ON "THE CROSS AT THE TOP LEFT OF THE "SCREEN. yOU SHOULD, HOWEVER, NOTE "THAT ALTHOUGH YOU MAY RESTART THE "PROGRAM AGAIN USING THE basic COMMAND "run, ALL OF YOUR MUSIC WILL HAVE BEEN "CLEARED FROM MEMORY, AND SO ANY "UN-SAVED DATA WILL HAVE BEEN LOST. "
" ADVANCED SOUND SYSTEMM"M" Programming and text by Dominic .ordM"M" This program allows the user toM"enter music into a Commodore 64/128M"computer, and then to play the musicM"back, without having to type endlessM"meaningless numbers into theM"computer, but instead using graphicM"system. It is designed to allow theM"user to both transpose music from aM"score, or to compose music fromM"fresh.M" .he program is mainly controlledM"using a mouse pointer, which may beM"moved using a mouse or joystickM"plugged into control port .., orM"using the following keys:M"M" . - .eftM" . - .ightM" ; - .pM" / - .ownM" ...... - .lickM"M" In these instructions I shallM"assume that you have a basicM"knowledge of music theory, and soM"know basic definitions, such as aM"crotchet, and a minim. If you do notM"have any such knowledge you can stillM"use the program. I suggest that youM"read this text, and then play withM"the program and the demonstrationM"file for a while. You should soon getM"the hang of using the editor to enterM"and listen to music. If you wish toM"transcribe music from a score, simplyM"copy it exactly from the score intoM"the editor.M"M"SELECTING A PARTICULAR TYPE OF NOTEM"M" To select a note, simply clickM"on the icon showing the note you wantM"using the pointer. All notes whichM"you place on the stave will now be ofM"the type which you selected. ThoseM"icons which are at the bottom of theM"screen are used to select differentM"lengths of notes, while those fourM"which are in the left hand column areM"used to select bar lines, double barM"lines, and repeats. The buttons whichM"select types of notes may easily beM"recognised, because they are largerM"than the other buttons, and areM"square. You can also tell which ofM"these note icons is selected, becauseM"it is.highlighted in blue.M"M"PLACING NOTES ON THE STAVEM"M" To place a note on the stave,M"move the pointer to where you wantM"the note to be, and then click. AM"note of the type selected will thenM"appear under the pointer. If you thenM"change your mind, and wish to removeM"the note, simply place another noteM"on top of the old one, and it willM"disappear.M" If you want to add accidentalsM"select the one of the four smallM"buttons in the bottom right cornerM"which shows the type of accidentalM"you wish to use. As with the noteM"type icons, you can tell which isM"selected by which is highlighted inM"blue.M" If your music has a keyM"signiture, you must use theM"accidentals on the individual notesM"throughout the piece, as you cannotM"use a key signiture with thisM"program. It should also be noted thatM"accidentals are not carried throughM"all the notes in the bar. If you wishM"to have several F#s in a bar, forM"example, you cannot simply place aM"sharp accidental beside the first FM"in the bar, but must place anM"accidental beside all of the Fs whichM"are to become F#.M"M"DOTTED NOTESM"M" To the right of the note typeM"icons, you will see a small buttonM"with a dot in the centre. This is theM"dotted button. It has two states: ONM"(blue) and OFF (black). When this isM"selected, all notes placed on theM"score will have a dot after them, andM"will be played for one and a halfM"times their usual length.M"M"BAR DIVISIONSM"M" .ieces of music are usuallyM"divided into equal parts known asM"bars. .hese bars are all preciselyM"the same length in terms of the timeM"taken to play them, as opposed toM"length of score taken up on theM"screen. . bar containing.8 quavers,M"for.example,.takes up twice as muchM"space on the.screen as a bar of.fourM"crotchets,.yet.because.quavers.takeM"half as.long to..play as.crotchets,M"overall.they take.the same.time toM"play, and so are equal lengthed bars.M" .ars are divided on the score byM"bar dividers. .y far the most commonM"is the normal bar line, which has noM"effect on the flow of the music, butM"simply mark the boundary between twoM"bars. .ther bar dividers repeatM"sections of the tune, and mark theM"end of the tune, and make the playerM"stop. .ars may sound pointless, butM"they are very useful as landmarks inM"a piece, as a section of music couldM"be refered to as '.ars 40-42'.M" There are four types of barM"division which may be placed on aM"score. These may be placed on theM"score just like notes, that is simplyM"by selecting them, and then clickingM"on the score. You may not place barM"lines on top of notes, and if you tryM"to do so you will receive an errorM"message. If you find that you haveM"missed a bar division, and left noM"space for it, you can.use the INSERTM"facility (see note).to add a spaceM"for it.M" The first type of bar divisionM"is bar lines, which have no actualM"effect on the player, but may be usedM"with the GOTO function, whereby youM"can tell the computer to goto, orM"play from, the start of the specificM"bar. This comes in very useful inM"longer pieces, where it can take aM"long time for the player to reachM"the part of the music you want.M" The GOTO function can also comeM"in handy if you want to hear the partM"of the tune that you have justM"entered, without having to hearM"everything else first.M" The second division is theM"double bar line (which looks like twoM"bar lines very close together). WhenM"the player reachs a double bar line,M"it stops, because it indicates theM"end of the music. It is importantM"that you remember to add a double barM"line at the end of the music, becauseM"if you do not the player will notM"stop at the end, but just continueM"playing nothing. This means that theM"player will stop sounding notes, butM"not register that it has finished,M"and so it.will freeze up. If thisM"happens you must select 'CANCEL' toM"force the player to stop.M" The final two bar divisions areM"repeats, and can be used to play aM"part of a tune twice. If you placeM"two repeat signs (double bar linesM"with dots beside them) either side ofM"a section of music, the player willM"play the section of music between theM"signs twice. .he dots down the sideM"of the repeat signs should both pointM"inwards towards the section of musicM"to be repeated.M" .f you want the player to repeatM"back to the beginning of the piece ofM"music, there is no need to place aM"start of repeat sign at the start ofM"the music, as this is automaticallyM"taken as the start of a repeat. YouM"may find that when you try to repeatM"a section of the music, the computerM"does not repeat, or repeats the wrongM"section. This may be because repeatM"signs will be ignored unless a 'startM"of repeat' sign has been passed sinceM"the last repeat sign. Another causeM"of such problems may be that repeatsM"cannot be nested within each other,M"and if you try to do so, the playerM"will ignore many of the repeats.M" You should also bare in mindM"that if you goto a bar within aM"repeat, the computer will not repeatM"as it would when played normally.M"M"ENTERING RESTSM"M" In the very bottom left cornerM"of the screen you will see twoM"buttons marked REST and NOTE. ThisM"acts like a switch, so that you areM"either in rest mode, or note mode. InM"rest mode you will find that when youM"try to place a note onto the score,M"in fact a rest will be entered. TheseM"are simply notes which do not sound.M"They can be useful to add pauses intoM"your music, or to delay the playerM"from playing certain notes too soon.M"M"INSERTING AND REMOVING GAPSM"M" When you are entering a piece ofM"music it is important to avoidM"leaving gaps between the notes. ThisM"is because the player works on theM"basis that every time a noteM"finishes, all of the notes on theM"next line are played. If there are noM"notes in the next column, the playerM"may get into a situation where it isM"playing no notes, and yet is waitingM"for one to finish. As I have alreadyM"said, in such cases you must force aM"stop using the 'CANCEL' function.M" In order to help you to avoidM"this, a delete icon is provided. TheM"icon acts just like another type ofM"note, until you place it on theM"score, which will result in all theM"notes in the column being removed,M"and then all the notes to the rightM"of your pointer moving left to fillM"in the gap.M" An insert button is alsoM"provided, which has the oppositeM"effect to delete. When this isM"selected, all of the notes to theM"right of the pointer will be moved toM"the right, and a gap will be createdM"under the cursur. This is useful ifM"you miss out a note or bar line, andM"wish to add it.M"M"ADDING DYNAMICSM"M" Dynamics in a piece of music areM"changes in the volume. In thisM"program they are controlled by aM"small square to the right of the playM"button. If you click on this square,M"you will see that it changes, andM"cycles through eight different typesM"of dynamic. The first five are: PPM"(very quiet), P (quiet), MF (ofM"moderate volume), F (loud), FF (veryM"loud). The sixth and seventh do notM"set the volume to a specific level,M"but instead make a slow change to it.M"The sixth (<) makes the music getM"louder, and the seventh (>) makes itM"get quieter. These can be used toM"very powerful effect, as the mostM"powerful effects in music often doM"not just use loud and soft, but slowM"changes between the two. The eighthM"square, which appears to be a blankM"square means that there is no changeM"to the volume level, and so itM"remains constant.M" When placed on the score, theM"selected dynamic appears just aboveM"the staves. This means that you canM"see as you look along the score whereM"the dynamics will change, and howM"they will change.M"M"PLAYING YOUR MUSICM"M" At last! Now you can actuallyM"hear your creations. Click on theM"PLAY button to start the player. AsM"you listen to the music, the scoreM"will scroll past, so that you can seeM"the notes as they are being played.M"If you want to stop the player,M"simply click on the CANCEL button.M" The speed at which the music isM"played can be varied by clicking onM"the TEMPO button. The numberM"displayed shows the metronome markingM"for the piece. To put it simply, theM"higher the value, the faster theM"music. The value is actually theM"number of crotchets which will beM"played per minute.M"M"ENVELOPE DESIGNM"M" As well as changing the notes inM"a tune, this program also allows youM"to alter what the notes themselvesM"sound like. To do so click on theM"ENVELOPE button. When a musical noteM"is played, the time that it isM"playing for can be divided up intoM"four sections: attack, decay,M"sustain, and release.M" When a note is first played, itsM"volume raises from nothing to fullM"volume. The time taken for this isM"ATTACK. The volume then falls awayM"slightly to a lower level. This levelM"is set by SUSTAIN, and isM"proportional to the full volume whichM"is reached when the note is firstM"played. If you set sustain to beingM"maximum, the note will not fade atM"all, whereas if it is at its minimum,M"it fades away completely to nothing.M"The time taken for this fade is setM"by DECAY. Finally, the length of timeM"for the note to fade away completelyM"after it finishs may be set byM"RELEASE. You may think that changingM"these would have little effect on theM"sound, but the effects which can beM"achieved can be amazing.M" The waveform of the notes, orM"shape of the sound waves beingM"emitted, can also be altered. ThereM"are four waveforms available:M"TRIANGLE, SAWTOOTH, PULSE, and WHITEM"NOISE. If the PULSE waveform isM"selected, then you must also select aM"PULSE WIDTH. It is very difficult toM"explain the effects of theseM"variables, and so I think the onlyM"way for you to learn to use them isM"to experiment with differentM"settings. It may also help you toM"read the section in the User ManualM"on sound waveforms, to see theM"diagrams of the different wave typesM"(pages 91/92). Similar diagrams canM"also be seen in most otherM"programming tutorial books.M"M"DISC OPERATIONSM"M" This program allows you to saveM"your work onto a disc, and then toM"reload it at a later date. SimplyM"click on the LOAD or SAVE buttons,M"and then enter the appropiateM"filename. If a disc error occurs, youM"will be informed by an error box ofM"the error. Another way to read theM"disc status by clicking on the STATUSM"button.M" If you wish to read theM"directory of a disc, simply click onM"DIRECTORY. This will tell you theM"names of all of the files on theM"disk. Files saved by this program mayM"easily be recognised, because theyM"always have the prefix of 'MUS.'. YouM"do not need to type this prefix whenM"loading or saving music files fromM"the program itself.M" .n the disc with the program,M"you will also find a demostrationM"music file called 'MOON', which is aM"transcription of Beethoven's famousM"Moonlight Sonata.M"M"CLEARING MUSIC FROM MEMORYM"M" If you wish to reset theM"program, and start on a fresh pieceM"of music, you may do so by selectingM"CLEAR. Be careful to remember thatM"there is no way to retrieve yourM"music after selecting CLEAR, and soM"your music will be lost.M"M"QUITTING THE PROGRAMM"M" To leave the program, click onM"the cross at the top left of theM"screen. You should, however, noteM"that although you may restart theM"program again using the BASIC commandM"RUN, all of your music will have beenM"cleared from memory, and so anyM"un-saved data will have been lost.M"M
00000000 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 61 64 76 61 6e 63 |" advanc| 00000010 65 64 20 73 6f 75 6e 64 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d 0d |ed sound system.| 00000020 22 0d 22 20 70 52 4f 47 52 41 4d 4d 49 4e 47 20 |"." pROGRAMMING | 00000030 41 4e 44 20 54 45 58 54 20 42 59 20 64 4f 4d 49 |AND TEXT BY dOMI| 00000040 4e 49 43 20 c6 4f 52 44 0d 22 0d 22 20 20 20 20 |NIC .ORD."." | 00000050 20 74 48 49 53 20 50 52 4f 47 52 41 4d 20 41 4c | tHIS PROGRAM AL| 00000060 4c 4f 57 53 20 54 48 45 20 55 53 45 52 20 54 4f |LOWS THE USER TO| 00000070 0d 22 45 4e 54 45 52 20 4d 55 53 49 43 20 49 4e |."ENTER MUSIC IN| 00000080 54 4f 20 41 20 63 4f 4d 4d 4f 44 4f 52 45 20 36 |TO A cOMMODORE 6| 00000090 34 2f 31 32 38 0d 22 43 4f 4d 50 55 54 45 52 2c |4/128."COMPUTER,| 000000a0 20 41 4e 44 20 54 48 45 4e 20 54 4f 20 50 4c 41 | AND THEN TO PLA| 000000b0 59 20 54 48 45 20 4d 55 53 49 43 0d 22 42 41 43 |Y THE MUSIC."BAC| 000000c0 4b 2c 20 57 49 54 48 4f 55 54 20 48 41 56 49 4e |K, WITHOUT HAVIN| 000000d0 47 20 54 4f 20 54 59 50 45 20 45 4e 44 4c 45 53 |G TO TYPE ENDLES| 000000e0 53 0d 22 4d 45 41 4e 49 4e 47 4c 45 53 53 20 4e |S."MEANINGLESS N| 000000f0 55 4d 42 45 52 53 20 49 4e 54 4f 20 54 48 45 0d |UMBERS INTO THE.| 00000100 22 43 4f 4d 50 55 54 45 52 2c 20 42 55 54 20 49 |"COMPUTER, BUT I| 00000110 4e 53 54 45 41 44 20 55 53 49 4e 47 20 47 52 41 |NSTEAD USING GRA| 00000120 50 48 49 43 0d 22 53 59 53 54 45 4d 2e 20 69 54 |PHIC."SYSTEM. iT| 00000130 20 49 53 20 44 45 53 49 47 4e 45 44 20 54 4f 20 | IS DESIGNED TO | 00000140 41 4c 4c 4f 57 20 54 48 45 0d 22 55 53 45 52 20 |ALLOW THE."USER | 00000150 54 4f 20 42 4f 54 48 20 54 52 41 4e 53 50 4f 53 |TO BOTH TRANSPOS| 00000160 45 20 4d 55 53 49 43 20 46 52 4f 4d 20 41 0d 22 |E MUSIC FROM A."| 00000170 53 43 4f 52 45 2c 20 4f 52 20 54 4f 20 43 4f 4d |SCORE, OR TO COM| 00000180 50 4f 53 45 20 4d 55 53 49 43 20 46 52 4f 4d 0d |POSE MUSIC FROM.| 00000190 22 46 52 45 53 48 2e 0d 22 20 20 20 20 20 d4 48 |"FRESH.." .H| 000001a0 45 20 50 52 4f 47 52 41 4d 20 49 53 20 4d 41 49 |E PROGRAM IS MAI| 000001b0 4e 4c 59 20 43 4f 4e 54 52 4f 4c 4c 45 44 0d 22 |NLY CONTROLLED."| 000001c0 55 53 49 4e 47 20 41 20 4d 4f 55 53 45 20 50 4f |USING A MOUSE PO| 000001d0 49 4e 54 45 52 2c 20 57 48 49 43 48 20 4d 41 59 |INTER, WHICH MAY| 000001e0 20 42 45 0d 22 4d 4f 56 45 44 20 55 53 49 4e 47 | BE."MOVED USING| 000001f0 20 41 20 4d 4f 55 53 45 20 4f 52 20 4a 4f 59 53 | A MOUSE OR JOYS| 00000200 54 49 43 4b 0d 22 50 4c 55 47 47 45 44 20 49 4e |TICK."PLUGGED IN| 00000210 54 4f 20 43 4f 4e 54 52 4f 4c 20 50 4f 52 54 20 |TO CONTROL PORT | 00000220 c9 c9 2c 20 4f 52 0d 22 55 53 49 4e 47 20 54 48 |.., OR."USING TH| 00000230 45 20 46 4f 4c 4c 4f 57 49 4e 47 20 4b 45 59 53 |E FOLLOWING KEYS| 00000240 3a 0d 22 0d 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |:."." | 00000250 da 20 2d 20 cc 45 46 54 0d 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 |. - .EFT." | 00000260 20 20 20 20 20 d8 20 2d 20 d2 49 47 48 54 0d 22 | . - .IGHT."| 00000270 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 20 2d 20 d5 | ; - .| 00000280 50 0d 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2f 20 |P." / | 00000290 2d 20 c4 4f 57 4e 0d 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 d2 c5 |- .OWN." ..| 000002a0 d4 d5 d2 ce 20 2d 20 c3 4c 49 43 4b 0d 22 0d 22 |.... - .LICK."."| 000002b0 20 20 20 20 20 69 4e 20 54 48 45 53 45 20 49 4e | iN THESE IN| 000002c0 53 54 52 55 43 54 49 4f 4e 53 20 69 20 53 48 41 |STRUCTIONS i SHA| 000002d0 4c 4c 0d 22 41 53 53 55 4d 45 20 54 48 41 54 20 |LL."ASSUME THAT | 000002e0 59 4f 55 20 48 41 56 45 20 41 20 42 41 53 49 43 |YOU HAVE A BASIC| 000002f0 0d 22 4b 4e 4f 57 4c 45 44 47 45 20 4f 46 20 4d |."KNOWLEDGE OF M| 00000300 55 53 49 43 20 54 48 45 4f 52 59 2c 20 41 4e 44 |USIC THEORY, AND| 00000310 20 53 4f 0d 22 4b 4e 4f 57 20 42 41 53 49 43 20 | SO."KNOW BASIC | 00000320 44 45 46 49 4e 49 54 49 4f 4e 53 2c 20 53 55 43 |DEFINITIONS, SUC| 00000330 48 20 41 53 20 41 0d 22 43 52 4f 54 43 48 45 54 |H AS A."CROTCHET| 00000340 2c 20 41 4e 44 20 41 20 4d 49 4e 49 4d 2e 20 69 |, AND A MINIM. i| 00000350 46 20 59 4f 55 20 44 4f 20 4e 4f 54 0d 22 48 41 |F YOU DO NOT."HA| 00000360 56 45 20 41 4e 59 20 53 55 43 48 20 4b 4e 4f 57 |VE ANY SUCH KNOW| 00000370 4c 45 44 47 45 20 59 4f 55 20 43 41 4e 20 53 54 |LEDGE YOU CAN ST| 00000380 49 4c 4c 0d 22 55 53 45 20 54 48 45 20 50 52 4f |ILL."USE THE PRO| 00000390 47 52 41 4d 2e 20 69 20 53 55 47 47 45 53 54 20 |GRAM. i SUGGEST | 000003a0 54 48 41 54 20 59 4f 55 0d 22 52 45 41 44 20 54 |THAT YOU."READ T| 000003b0 48 49 53 20 54 45 58 54 2c 20 41 4e 44 20 54 48 |HIS TEXT, AND TH| 000003c0 45 4e 20 50 4c 41 59 20 57 49 54 48 0d 22 54 48 |EN PLAY WITH."TH| 000003d0 45 20 50 52 4f 47 52 41 4d 20 41 4e 44 20 54 48 |E PROGRAM AND TH| 000003e0 45 20 44 45 4d 4f 4e 53 54 52 41 54 49 4f 4e 0d |E DEMONSTRATION.| 000003f0 22 46 49 4c 45 20 46 4f 52 20 41 20 57 48 49 4c |"FILE FOR A WHIL| 00000400 45 2e 20 79 4f 55 20 53 48 4f 55 4c 44 20 53 4f |E. yOU SHOULD SO| 00000410 4f 4e 20 47 45 54 0d 22 54 48 45 20 48 41 4e 47 |ON GET."THE HANG| 00000420 20 4f 46 20 55 53 49 4e 47 20 54 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|LECT A NOTE, SIM| 00000500 50 4c 59 20 43 4c 49 43 4b 0d 22 4f 4e 20 54 48 |PLY CLICK."ON TH| 00000510 45 20 49 43 4f 4e 20 53 48 4f 57 49 4e 47 20 54 |E ICON SHOWING T| 00000520 48 45 20 4e 4f 54 45 20 59 4f 55 20 57 41 4e 54 |HE NOTE YOU WANT| 00000530 0d 22 55 53 49 4e 47 20 54 48 45 20 50 4f 49 4e |."USING THE POIN| 00000540 54 45 52 2e 20 61 4c 4c 20 4e 4f 54 45 53 20 57 |TER. aLL NOTES W| 00000550 48 49 43 48 0d 22 59 4f 55 20 50 4c 41 43 45 20 |HICH."YOU PLACE | 00000560 4f 4e 20 54 48 45 20 53 54 41 56 45 20 57 49 4c |ON THE STAVE WIL| 00000570 4c 20 4e 4f 57 20 42 45 20 4f 46 0d 22 54 48 45 |L NOW BE OF."THE| 00000580 20 54 59 50 45 20 57 48 49 43 48 20 59 4f 55 20 | TYPE WHICH YOU | 00000590 53 45 4c 45 43 54 45 44 2e 20 74 48 4f 53 45 0d |SELECTED. tHOSE.| 000005a0 22 49 43 4f 4e 53 20 57 48 49 43 48 20 41 52 45 |"ICONS WHICH ARE| 000005b0 20 41 54 20 54 48 45 20 42 4f 54 54 4f 4d 20 4f | AT THE BOTTOM O| 000005c0 46 20 54 48 45 0d 22 53 43 52 45 45 4e 20 41 52 |F THE."SCREEN AR| 000005d0 45 20 55 53 45 44 20 54 4f 20 53 45 4c 45 43 54 |E USED TO SELECT| 000005e0 20 44 49 46 46 45 52 45 4e 54 0d 22 4c 45 4e 47 | DIFFERENT."LENG| 000005f0 54 48 53 20 4f 46 20 4e 4f 54 45 53 2c 20 57 48 |THS OF NOTES, WH| 00000600 49 4c 45 20 54 48 4f 53 45 20 46 4f 55 52 0d 22 |ILE THOSE FOUR."| 00000610 57 48 49 43 48 20 41 52 45 20 49 4e 20 54 48 45 |WHICH ARE IN THE| 00000620 20 4c 45 46 54 20 48 41 4e 44 20 43 4f 4c 55 4d | LEFT HAND COLUM| 00000630 4e 20 41 52 45 0d 22 55 53 45 44 20 54 4f 20 53 |N ARE."USED TO S| 00000640 45 4c 45 43 54 20 42 41 52 20 4c 49 4e 45 53 2c |ELECT BAR LINES,| 00000650 20 44 4f 55 42 4c 45 20 42 41 52 0d 22 4c 49 4e | DOUBLE BAR."LIN| 00000660 45 53 2c 20 41 4e 44 20 52 45 50 45 41 54 53 2e |ES, AND REPEATS.| 00000670 20 74 48 45 20 42 55 54 54 4f 4e 53 20 57 48 49 | tHE BUTTONS WHI| 00000680 43 48 0d 22 53 45 4c 45 43 54 20 54 59 50 45 53 |CH."SELECT TYPES| 00000690 20 4f 46 20 4e 4f 54 45 53 20 4d 41 59 20 45 41 | OF NOTES MAY EA| 000006a0 53 49 4c 59 20 42 45 0d 22 52 45 43 4f 47 4e 49 |SILY BE."RECOGNI| 000006b0 53 45 44 2c 20 42 45 43 41 55 53 45 20 54 48 45 |SED, BECAUSE THE| 000006c0 59 20 41 52 45 20 4c 41 52 47 45 52 0d 22 54 48 |Y ARE LARGER."TH| 000006d0 41 4e 20 54 48 45 20 4f 54 48 45 52 20 42 55 54 |AN THE OTHER BUT| 000006e0 54 4f 4e 53 2c 20 41 4e 44 20 41 52 45 0d 22 53 |TONS, AND ARE."S| 000006f0 51 55 41 52 45 2e 20 79 4f 55 20 43 41 4e 20 41 |QUARE. yOU CAN A| 00000700 4c 53 4f 20 54 45 4c 4c 20 57 48 49 43 48 20 4f |LSO TELL WHICH O| 00000710 46 0d 22 54 48 45 53 45 20 4e 4f 54 45 20 49 43 |F."THESE NOTE IC| 00000720 4f 4e 53 20 49 53 20 53 45 4c 45 43 54 45 44 2c |ONS IS SELECTED,| 00000730 20 42 45 43 41 55 53 45 0d 22 49 54 20 49 53 a0 | BECAUSE."IT IS.| 00000740 48 49 47 48 4c 49 47 48 54 45 44 20 49 4e 20 42 |HIGHLIGHTED IN B| 00000750 4c 55 45 2e 0d 22 0d 22 70 6c 61 63 69 6e 67 20 |LUE.."."placing | 00000760 6e 6f 74 65 73 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 73 74 61 |notes on the sta| 00000770 76 65 0d 22 0d 22 20 20 20 20 20 74 4f 20 50 4c |ve."." tO PL| 00000780 41 43 45 20 41 20 4e 4f 54 45 20 4f 4e 20 54 48 |ACE A NOTE ON TH| 00000790 45 20 53 54 41 56 45 2c 0d 22 4d 4f 56 45 20 54 |E STAVE,."MOVE T| 000007a0 48 45 20 50 4f 49 4e 54 45 52 20 54 4f 20 57 48 |HE POINTER TO WH| 000007b0 45 52 45 20 59 4f 55 20 57 41 4e 54 0d 22 54 48 |ERE YOU WANT."TH| 000007c0 45 20 4e 4f 54 45 20 54 4f 20 42 45 2c 20 41 4e |E NOTE TO BE, AN| 000007d0 44 20 54 48 45 4e 20 43 4c 49 43 4b 2e 20 61 0d |D THEN CLICK. a.| 000007e0 22 4e 4f 54 45 20 4f 46 20 54 48 45 20 54 59 50 |"NOTE OF THE TYP| 000007f0 45 20 53 45 4c 45 43 54 45 44 20 57 49 4c 4c 20 |E SELECTED WILL | 00000800 54 48 45 4e 0d 22 41 50 50 45 41 52 20 55 4e 44 |THEN."APPEAR UND| 00000810 45 52 20 54 48 45 20 50 4f 49 4e 54 45 52 2e 20 |ER THE POINTER. | 00000820 69 46 20 59 4f 55 20 54 48 45 4e 0d 22 43 48 41 |iF YOU THEN."CHA| 00000830 4e 47 45 20 59 4f 55 52 20 4d 49 4e 44 2c 20 41 |NGE YOUR MIND, A| 00000840 4e 44 20 57 49 53 48 20 54 4f 20 52 45 4d 4f 56 |ND WISH TO REMOV| 00000850 45 0d 22 54 48 45 20 4e 4f 54 45 2c 20 53 49 4d |E."THE NOTE, SIM| 00000860 50 4c 59 20 50 4c 41 43 45 20 41 4e 4f 54 48 45 |PLY PLACE ANOTHE| 00000870 52 20 4e 4f 54 45 0d 22 4f 4e 20 54 4f 50 20 4f |R NOTE."ON TOP O| 00000880 46 20 54 48 45 20 4f 4c 44 20 4f 4e 45 2c 20 41 |F THE OLD ONE, A| 00000890 4e 44 20 49 54 20 57 49 4c 4c 0d 22 44 49 53 41 |ND IT WILL."DISA| 000008a0 50 50 45 41 52 2e 0d 22 20 20 20 20 20 69 46 20 |PPEAR.." iF | 000008b0 59 4f 55 20 57 41 4e 54 20 54 4f 20 41 44 44 20 |YOU WANT TO ADD | 000008c0 41 43 43 49 44 45 4e 54 41 4c 53 0d 22 53 45 4c |ACCIDENTALS."SEL| 000008d0 45 43 54 20 54 48 45 20 4f 4e 45 20 4f 46 20 54 |ECT THE ONE OF T| 000008e0 48 45 20 46 4f 55 52 20 53 4d 41 4c 4c 0d 22 42 |HE FOUR SMALL."B| 000008f0 55 54 54 4f 4e 53 20 49 4e 20 54 48 45 20 42 4f |UTTONS IN THE BO| 00000900 54 54 4f 4d 20 52 49 47 48 54 20 43 4f 52 4e 45 |TTOM RIGHT CORNE| 00000910 52 0d 22 57 48 49 43 48 20 53 48 4f 57 53 20 54 |R."WHICH SHOWS T| 00000920 48 45 20 54 59 50 45 20 4f 46 20 41 43 43 49 44 |HE TYPE OF ACCID| 00000930 45 4e 54 41 4c 0d 22 59 4f 55 20 57 49 53 48 20 |ENTAL."YOU WISH | 00000940 54 4f 20 55 53 45 2e 20 61 53 20 57 49 54 48 20 |TO USE. aS WITH | 00000950 54 48 45 20 4e 4f 54 45 0d 22 54 59 50 45 20 49 |THE NOTE."TYPE I| 00000960 43 4f 4e 53 2c 20 59 4f 55 20 43 41 4e 20 54 45 |CONS, YOU CAN TE| 00000970 4c 4c 20 57 48 49 43 48 20 49 53 0d 22 53 45 4c |LL WHICH IS."SEL| 00000980 45 43 54 45 44 20 42 59 20 57 48 49 43 48 20 49 |ECTED BY WHICH I| 00000990 53 20 48 49 47 48 4c 49 47 48 54 45 44 20 49 4e |S HIGHLIGHTED IN| 000009a0 0d 22 42 4c 55 45 2e 0d 22 20 20 20 20 69 46 20 |."BLUE.." iF | 000009b0 59 4f 55 52 20 4d 55 53 49 43 20 48 41 53 20 41 |YOUR MUSIC HAS A| 000009c0 20 4b 45 59 0d 22 53 49 47 4e 49 54 55 52 45 2c | KEY."SIGNITURE,| 000009d0 20 59 4f 55 20 4d 55 53 54 20 55 53 45 20 54 48 | YOU MUST USE TH| 000009e0 45 0d 22 41 43 43 49 44 45 4e 54 41 4c 53 20 4f |E."ACCIDENTALS O| 000009f0 4e 20 54 48 45 20 49 4e 44 49 56 49 44 55 41 4c |N THE INDIVIDUAL| 00000a00 20 4e 4f 54 45 53 0d 22 54 48 52 4f 55 47 48 4f | NOTES."THROUGHO| 00000a10 55 54 20 54 48 45 20 50 49 45 43 45 2c 20 41 53 |UT THE PIECE, AS| 00000a20 20 59 4f 55 20 43 41 4e 4e 4f 54 0d 22 55 53 45 | YOU CANNOT."USE| 00000a30 20 41 20 4b 45 59 20 53 49 47 4e 49 54 55 52 45 | A KEY SIGNITURE| 00000a40 20 57 49 54 48 20 54 48 49 53 0d 22 50 52 4f 47 | WITH THIS."PROG| 00000a50 52 41 4d 2e 20 69 54 20 53 48 4f 55 4c 44 20 41 |RAM. iT SHOULD A| 00000a60 4c 53 4f 20 42 45 20 4e 4f 54 45 44 20 54 48 41 |LSO BE NOTED THA| 00000a70 54 0d 22 41 43 43 49 44 45 4e 54 41 4c 53 20 41 |T."ACCIDENTALS A| 00000a80 52 45 20 4e 4f 54 20 43 41 52 52 49 45 44 20 54 |RE NOT CARRIED T| 00000a90 48 52 4f 55 47 48 0d 22 41 4c 4c 20 54 48 45 20 |HROUGH."ALL THE | 00000aa0 4e 4f 54 45 53 20 49 4e 20 54 48 45 20 42 41 52 |NOTES IN THE BAR| 00000ab0 2e 20 69 46 20 59 4f 55 20 57 49 53 48 0d 22 54 |. iF YOU WISH."T| 00000ac0 4f 20 48 41 56 45 20 53 45 56 45 52 41 4c 20 66 |O HAVE SEVERAL f| 00000ad0 23 53 20 49 4e 20 41 20 42 41 52 2c 20 46 4f 52 |#S IN A BAR, FOR| 00000ae0 0d 22 45 58 41 4d 50 4c 45 2c 20 59 4f 55 20 43 |."EXAMPLE, YOU C| 00000af0 41 4e 4e 4f 54 20 53 49 4d 50 4c 59 20 50 4c 41 |ANNOT SIMPLY PLA| 00000b00 43 45 20 41 0d 22 53 48 41 52 50 20 41 43 43 49 |CE A."SHARP ACCI| 00000b10 44 45 4e 54 41 4c 20 42 45 53 49 44 45 20 54 48 |DENTAL BESIDE TH| 00000b20 45 20 46 49 52 53 54 20 66 0d 22 49 4e 20 54 48 |E FIRST f."IN TH| 00000b30 45 20 42 41 52 2c 20 42 55 54 20 4d 55 53 54 20 |E BAR, BUT MUST | 00000b40 50 4c 41 43 45 20 41 4e 0d 22 41 43 43 49 44 45 |PLACE AN."ACCIDE| 00000b50 4e 54 41 4c 20 42 45 53 49 44 45 20 41 4c 4c 20 |NTAL BESIDE ALL | 00000b60 4f 46 20 54 48 45 20 66 53 20 57 48 49 43 48 0d |OF THE fS WHICH.| 00000b70 22 41 52 45 20 54 4f 20 42 45 43 4f 4d 45 20 66 |"ARE TO BECOME f| 00000b80 23 2e 0d 22 0d 22 64 6f 74 74 65 64 20 6e 6f 74 |#.."."dotted not| 00000b90 65 73 0d 22 0d 22 20 20 20 20 20 74 4f 20 54 48 |es."." tO TH| 00000ba0 45 20 52 49 47 48 54 20 4f 46 20 54 48 45 20 4e |E RIGHT OF THE N| 00000bb0 4f 54 45 20 54 59 50 45 0d 22 49 43 4f 4e 53 2c |OTE TYPE."ICONS,| 00000bc0 20 59 4f 55 20 57 49 4c 4c 20 53 45 45 20 41 20 | YOU WILL SEE A | 00000bd0 53 4d 41 4c 4c 20 42 55 54 54 4f 4e 0d 22 57 49 |SMALL BUTTON."WI| 00000be0 54 48 20 41 20 44 4f 54 20 49 4e 20 54 48 45 20 |TH A DOT IN THE | 00000bf0 43 45 4e 54 52 45 2e 20 74 48 49 53 20 49 53 20 |CENTRE. tHIS IS | 00000c00 54 48 45 0d 22 44 4f 54 54 45 44 20 42 55 54 54 |THE."DOTTED BUTT| 00000c10 4f 4e 2e 20 69 54 20 48 41 53 20 54 57 4f 20 53 |ON. iT HAS TWO S| 00000c20 54 41 54 45 53 3a 20 6f 6e 0d 22 28 42 4c 55 45 |TATES: on."(BLUE| 00000c30 29 20 41 4e 44 20 6f 66 66 20 28 42 4c 41 43 4b |) AND off (BLACK| 00000c40 29 2e 20 77 48 45 4e 20 54 48 49 53 20 49 53 0d |). wHEN THIS IS.| 00000c50 22 53 45 4c 45 43 54 45 44 2c 20 41 4c 4c 20 4e |"SELECTED, ALL N| 00000c60 4f 54 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