Home » Archimedes archive » Acorn User » AU 1997-10 A.adf » Extras » Apple][e/PD/BOB/ARMBOB/doc/Intro
Apple][e/PD/BOB/ARMBOB/doc/Intro
This website contains an archive of files for the Acorn Electron, BBC Micro, Acorn Archimedes, Commodore 16 and Commodore 64 computers, which Dominic Ford has rescued from his private collection of floppy disks and cassettes.
Some of these files were originally commercial releases in the 1980s and 1990s, but they are now widely available online. I assume that copyright over them is no longer being asserted. If you own the copyright and would like files to be removed, please contact me.
| Tape/disk: | Home » Archimedes archive » Acorn User » AU 1997-10 A.adf » Extras |
| Filename: | Apple][e/PD/BOB/ARMBOB/doc/Intro |
| Read OK: | ✔ |
| File size: | 133A bytes |
| Load address: | 0000 |
| Exec address: | 0000 |
File contents
*********************************************************************
* *
* ARMBOB v.2.1 *
* 25/12/94 *
*********************************************************************
History
-------
Bob was written by David Betz (167 Villa Ave. #11, Los Gatos, CA 95032
email: dbetz@Apple.com) for the IBM PC. He owns the copyright.
See the article
David Betz. A tiny object-oriented language.
Dr Dobb's Journal, Sep 1991, p.26.
for a description of Bob and how it works.
The sources for Bob, version 1.5, are available by anonymous ftp from:
ftp: ftp.mv.com:/pub/ddj/packages/bob15.arc
This version, for Acorn RISC OS computers, was adapted from them
by G.C.Wraith (12, Mushroom Field, Kingston by Lewes, E.Sussex BN7 3LE,
email: G.Wraith@Sussex.ac.uk).
Overview of ArmBob
------------------
Bob is a small object oriented language, with a syntax resembling C++.
It works by compiling the source program - which may be spread over
several files - into code for a virtual machine, as an intermediate
step, and then running the virtual machine emulator.
Bob provides an easy introduction to object oriented programming for
those already familiar with Basic or C. Bob has a garbage collected
heap which enables it to provide sophisticated datatypes without the
complexities of storage allocation and pointer arithmetic.
ArmBob is compatible with Bob, with the minor syntactic change that
local variables are declared in the first line of the function body
after the keyword 'local' (rather like in Basic), rather than with the
function's formal parameters. ArmBob has extra features, such as the
switch() {...} structure, more built-in functions, and facilities to
access software interrupts and interact with the task manager.
How to run Bob programs
-----------------------
Four new filetypes are defined:
BobFile, BobTask, BobProj, BobPTask
BobFiles are analogous to Basic files. Double click on them to make
them run (in a command window, unless a mode change command is given).
BobTask files run in a taskwindow when double clicked. They are only
appropriate for programs with textual input and output. For graphics use
a BobFile.
BobProj files are appropriate for large programs stretching over many
files. They contain a list of the program files (which might as well
have the text filetype). Double click on a BobProj file to compile
and run the program contained in the files that it lists, in a
command window.
BobPTask files are like BobProj files but run in a task window.
Files of any of these types can be edited by holding down SHIFT and
double clicking on them. They can be created initially as text files,
with their filetypes altered later from the filer menu, or as blank
files of the appropriate type, created by filling in the filetype
in the blank option of Edit's Create submenu from the iconbar.
Double clicking !ArmBob sets up the BobFile, TaskBob and BobProj
filetypes and their run actions, and opens a filer window on a
directory forholding Bob programs. The path prefix to this directory
is Bob:.
Compiler errors cause a window to open with an error message.
Clicking on the Throwback icon causes the relevant source file
to be displayed in an edit window, with the error line
highlighted. Runtime errors do not do this (yet!).
If you want to run a taskwindow Bob program in trace and/or debug mode,
double click on the Obey files called debug and trace. You will find it
easier to debug or trace an ArmBob program in a taskwindow (if it has no
graphics output), because you can scroll back the output that has
disappeared off the screen. In any case, for producing still graphics
it is best to use the draw library to produce and display the graphics
in a draw file. Double click on the !Armbob icon to turn debug or trace
mode off.
The directory doc.Ref contains more detailed reference files
on ArmBob. The directory doc.Tutorial is intended to help beginners.
!BobDoc is an HTML guide to ArmBob. You need a web browser
(e.g. ArcWeb, Webster, Webite, Fresco) to use it.
Changes since v.1.0:
Bug in switch statement cured.
The example !Harness has been rewritten to use the
library Bob:h.wimp.
Changes since v.1.01:
Cured >>= bug.
Corrected bug in Bob:h.string.string.
Replaced !Harness by !Exec.
Corrected fputc to putc in documentation.
Corrected remark about TRUE in documentation. Its
value is 1, not -1.
Changes since v.1.02:
Throwback added.
Changes since v.1.03:
Floating point arithmetic added.
Changes since v.2.0
vector { ... } and enum { ... } constructs added.
syntax of project files made easier.
draw library added.
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00000de0 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 69 6e 20 74 72 61 63 65 20 61 |ogram in trace a|
00000df0 6e 64 2f 6f 72 20 64 65 62 75 67 20 6d 6f 64 65 |nd/or debug mode|
00000e00 2c 20 0a 64 6f 75 62 6c 65 20 63 6c 69 63 6b 20 |, .double click |
00000e10 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 4f 62 65 79 20 66 69 6c 65 |on the Obey file|
00000e20 73 20 63 61 6c 6c 65 64 20 64 65 62 75 67 20 61 |s called debug a|
00000e30 6e 64 20 74 72 61 63 65 2e 20 59 6f 75 20 77 69 |nd trace. You wi|
00000e40 6c 6c 20 66 69 6e 64 20 69 74 0a 65 61 73 69 65 |ll find it.easie|
00000e50 72 20 74 6f 20 64 65 62 75 67 20 6f 72 20 74 72 |r to debug or tr|
00000e60 61 63 65 20 61 6e 20 41 72 6d 42 6f 62 20 70 72 |ace an ArmBob pr|
00000e70 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 69 6e 20 61 20 74 61 73 6b 77 |ogram in a taskw|
00000e80 69 6e 64 6f 77 20 28 69 66 20 69 74 20 68 61 73 |indow (if it has|
00000e90 20 6e 6f 20 0a 67 72 61 70 68 69 63 73 20 6f 75 | no .graphics ou|
00000ea0 74 70 75 74 29 2c 20 62 65 63 61 75 73 65 20 79 |tput), because y|
00000eb0 6f 75 20 63 61 6e 20 73 63 72 6f 6c 6c 20 62 61 |ou can scroll ba|
00000ec0 63 6b 20 74 68 65 20 6f 75 74 70 75 74 20 74 68 |ck the output th|
00000ed0 61 74 20 68 61 73 20 0a 64 69 73 61 70 70 65 61 |at has .disappea|
00000ee0 72 65 64 20 6f 66 66 20 74 68 65 20 73 63 72 65 |red off the scre|
00000ef0 65 6e 2e 20 49 6e 20 61 6e 79 20 63 61 73 65 2c |en. In any case,|
00000f00 20 66 6f 72 20 70 72 6f 64 75 63 69 6e 67 20 73 | for producing s|
00000f10 74 69 6c 6c 20 67 72 61 70 68 69 63 73 0a 69 74 |till graphics.it|
00000f20 20 69 73 20 62 65 73 74 20 74 6f 20 75 73 65 20 | is best to use |
00000f30 74 68 65 20 64 72 61 77 20 6c 69 62 72 61 72 79 |the draw library|
00000f40 20 74 6f 20 70 72 6f 64 75 63 65 20 61 6e 64 20 | to produce and |
00000f50 64 69 73 70 6c 61 79 20 74 68 65 20 67 72 61 70 |display the grap|
00000f60 68 69 63 73 0a 69 6e 20 61 20 64 72 61 77 20 66 |hics.in a draw f|
00000f70 69 6c 65 2e 20 44 6f 75 62 6c 65 20 63 6c 69 63 |ile. Double clic|
00000f80 6b 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 21 41 72 6d 62 6f 62 |k on the !Armbob|
00000f90 20 69 63 6f 6e 20 74 6f 20 74 75 72 6e 20 64 65 | icon to turn de|
00000fa0 62 75 67 20 6f 72 20 74 72 61 63 65 0a 6d 6f 64 |bug or trace.mod|
00000fb0 65 20 6f 66 66 2e 0a 0a 54 68 65 20 20 64 69 72 |e off...The dir|
00000fc0 65 63 74 6f 72 79 20 64 6f 63 2e 52 65 66 20 63 |ectory doc.Ref c|
00000fd0 6f 6e 74 61 69 6e 73 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 64 65 74 |ontains more det|
00000fe0 61 69 6c 65 64 20 72 65 66 65 72 65 6e 63 65 20 |ailed reference |
00000ff0 66 69 6c 65 73 0a 6f 6e 20 41 72 6d 42 6f 62 2e |files.on ArmBob.|
00001000 20 54 68 65 20 64 69 72 65 63 74 6f 72 79 20 64 | The directory d|
00001010 6f 63 2e 54 75 74 6f 72 69 61 6c 20 69 73 20 69 |oc.Tutorial is i|
00001020 6e 74 65 6e 64 65 64 20 74 6f 20 68 65 6c 70 20 |ntended to help |
00001030 62 65 67 69 6e 6e 65 72 73 2e 0a 21 42 6f 62 44 |beginners..!BobD|
00001040 6f 63 20 69 73 20 61 6e 20 48 54 4d 4c 20 67 75 |oc is an HTML gu|
00001050 69 64 65 20 74 6f 20 41 72 6d 42 6f 62 2e 20 59 |ide to ArmBob. Y|
00001060 6f 75 20 6e 65 65 64 20 61 20 77 65 62 20 62 72 |ou need a web br|
00001070 6f 77 73 65 72 0a 28 65 2e 67 2e 20 41 72 63 57 |owser.(e.g. ArcW|
00001080 65 62 2c 20 57 65 62 73 74 65 72 2c 20 57 65 62 |eb, Webster, Web|
00001090 69 74 65 2c 20 46 72 65 73 63 6f 29 20 74 6f 20 |ite, Fresco) to |
000010a0 75 73 65 20 69 74 2e 20 0a 0a 43 68 61 6e 67 65 |use it. ..Change|
000010b0 73 20 73 69 6e 63 65 20 76 2e 31 2e 30 3a 0a 20 |s since v.1.0:. |
000010c0 20 20 42 75 67 20 69 6e 20 73 77 69 74 63 68 20 | Bug in switch |
000010d0 73 74 61 74 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 63 75 72 65 64 2e |statement cured.|
000010e0 0a 20 20 20 54 68 65 20 65 78 61 6d 70 6c 65 20 |. The example |
000010f0 21 48 61 72 6e 65 73 73 20 68 61 73 20 62 65 65 |!Harness has bee|
00001100 6e 20 72 65 77 72 69 74 74 65 6e 20 74 6f 20 75 |n rewritten to u|
00001110 73 65 20 74 68 65 0a 20 20 20 6c 69 62 72 61 72 |se the. librar|
00001120 79 20 42 6f 62 3a 68 2e 77 69 6d 70 2e 0a 43 68 |y Bob:h.wimp..Ch|
00001130 61 6e 67 65 73 20 73 69 6e 63 65 20 76 2e 31 2e |anges since v.1.|
00001140 30 31 3a 0a 20 20 20 43 75 72 65 64 20 3e 3e 3d |01:. Cured >>=|
00001150 20 62 75 67 2e 20 0a 20 20 20 43 6f 72 72 65 63 | bug. . Correc|
00001160 74 65 64 20 62 75 67 20 69 6e 20 42 6f 62 3a 68 |ted bug in Bob:h|
00001170 2e 73 74 72 69 6e 67 2e 73 74 72 69 6e 67 2e 0a |.string.string..|
00001180 20 20 20 52 65 70 6c 61 63 65 64 20 21 48 61 72 | Replaced !Har|
00001190 6e 65 73 73 20 62 79 20 21 45 78 65 63 2e 0a 20 |ness by !Exec.. |
000011a0 20 20 43 6f 72 72 65 63 74 65 64 20 66 70 75 74 | Corrected fput|
000011b0 63 20 74 6f 20 70 75 74 63 20 69 6e 20 64 6f 63 |c to putc in doc|
000011c0 75 6d 65 6e 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 2e 0a 20 20 20 43 |umentation.. C|
000011d0 6f 72 72 65 63 74 65 64 20 72 65 6d 61 72 6b 20 |orrected remark |
000011e0 61 62 6f 75 74 20 54 52 55 45 20 69 6e 20 64 6f |about TRUE in do|
000011f0 63 75 6d 65 6e 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 49 74 73 |cumentation. Its|
00001200 0a 20 20 20 76 61 6c 75 65 20 69 73 20 31 2c 20 |. value is 1, |
00001210 6e 6f 74 20 2d 31 2e 0a 43 68 61 6e 67 65 73 20 |not -1..Changes |
00001220 73 69 6e 63 65 20 76 2e 31 2e 30 32 3a 0a 20 20 |since v.1.02:. |
00001230 20 54 68 72 6f 77 62 61 63 6b 20 61 64 64 65 64 | Throwback added|
00001240 2e 0a 43 68 61 6e 67 65 73 20 73 69 6e 63 65 20 |..Changes since |
00001250 76 2e 31 2e 30 33 3a 0a 20 20 20 20 46 6c 6f 61 |v.1.03:. Floa|
00001260 74 69 6e 67 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 20 61 72 69 74 68 |ting point arith|
00001270 6d 65 74 69 63 20 61 64 64 65 64 2e 0a 43 68 61 |metic added..Cha|
00001280 6e 67 65 73 20 73 69 6e 63 65 20 76 2e 32 2e 30 |nges since v.2.0|
00001290 0a 20 20 20 20 76 65 63 74 6f 72 20 7b 20 2e 2e |. vector { ..|
000012a0 2e 20 7d 20 61 6e 64 20 65 6e 75 6d 20 7b 20 2e |. } and enum { .|
000012b0 2e 2e 20 7d 20 63 6f 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74 73 20 |.. } constructs |
000012c0 61 64 64 65 64 2e 0a 20 20 20 20 73 79 6e 74 61 |added.. synta|
000012d0 78 20 6f 66 20 70 72 6f 6a 65 63 74 20 66 69 6c |x of project fil|
000012e0 65 73 20 6d 61 64 65 20 65 61 73 69 65 72 2e 0a |es made easier..|
000012f0 20 20 20 20 64 72 61 77 20 6c 69 62 72 61 72 79 | draw library|
00001300 20 61 64 64 65 64 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | added... |
00001310 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d | -|
00001320 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 45 4e 44 20 2d |---------- END -|
00001330 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |----------|
0000133a 
.