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F/+HARD2

This website contains an archive of files for the Acorn Electron, BBC Micro, Acorn Archimedes, Commodore 16 and Commodore 64 computers, which Dominic Ford has rescued from his private collection of floppy disks and cassettes.

Some of these files were originally commercial releases in the 1980s and 1990s, but they are now widely available online. I assume that copyright over them is no longer being asserted. If you own the copyright and would like files to be removed, please contact me.

Tape/disk: Home » Personal collection » Acorn ADFS disks » Electron_User_Group » EUG_35.ADF
Filename: F/+HARD2
Read OK: ✔
File size: 1970 bytes
Load address: 2B204556
Exec address: 44524148
Duplicates

There is 1 duplicate copy of this file in the archive:

File contents
1. After power up the host computer sends a command block to the
controller telling it about the drive connected (this remains in use until
power is lost or the RESET line is pulled low) eg. WD1002.  The problem is
the host computer needs to know when to send the info to the controller
(problem with the BBC as controller reverts to power up default parameters
every time BREAK is pressed).

2. If the controller is microprocessor based then the default parameter
values are stored as part of the program in Eprom on the controller card. 
These default parameters can be edited so that they match your drive, eg.
DTC controllers.

3. Truly intelligent controllers are "told" about the drive when it is
formatted, and a special sector is written to the Winchester (on track
0/head 0) automatically containing drive parameter information.  On
subsequent power ups (or after BREAK is pressed on the BBC) the controller
reads the special sector to find out about the drive, eg. Adaptec ACB4000
and Xebec S1410a series controllers.

Interfacing to a host computer

Generally, to interface a controller to a host, a pair of 8 bit parallel
read ports and an 8 bit parallel latched write port are required with some
extra logic to handle the control signals (hand shaking etc.) - all data
into/out of the controller is negative logic, so for the majority of
machines, it has to be inverted.  The interface between a standard SASI
controller and a particular host computer is usually known as a "Host
Interface Adaptor" or "Winchester Host Adaptor", further sections of this
article describe host adaptors for various computers.

Once a host adaptor is implemented a power supply is required for the
drive and controller, typically a Winchester will require +5v at 1A and
+12v at 2.5A when running (peak of 4A at switch on), and the controller
will require around 3A at 5v, these supplies should be "computer grade",
ie. well regulated, probably from a switched mode power supply unit.

Software to "drive" a winchester varies greatly with the host in use, for
the BBC micro the routines required are already inside Acorn's ADFS ROM,
for a Z80 based CP/M machine a driver routine is required for the BIOS
(similar too for IBM PC type machines with MSDOS).  If you cannot find
software to handle a Winchester on your computer you will have to write
routines from scratch - the controller manuals usually give detailed flow
charts to make this easier...

Winchester disk systems  Buying hardware
Buying winchester disk drives/controllers/hardware

Drives

There is a reasonable supply of cheap drive units  available on the second
hand market, but prices and quality vary greatly.  Points of note:

1. All Winchesters (except the very large units with removable media) are
sealed in a clean room, most manufacturers put a seal across the top plate
- don't buy a drive that has the seals broken. (Some drives have been back
to the manufacturer and been re furbished and may have two sets of seals,
this is quite probably okay as long as the top set are not broken).

2. All winchesters have control logic attached to them to operate the
stepper motor, regulate drive speed etc. (should have a 4 pin power
connector, 20 way and 34 way edge connector) - don't but a lump of die
cast aluminium that is no use other than a door stop!

3. Sometimes, if you're lucky, the disk controller is mounted on the
winchester and already (still) connected up (by 20 way and 34 way IDC
ribbon cable) - if the drive looks okay you might have a bargain, it might
even be worth buying the drive just to get the controller board depending
on the price!

4. If possible try out the drive on someone's system before parting with
cash, or at least try the motor, put power on the drive (+5v and +12v) and
watch/listen, most drives (all the ones I have met) are up to speed after
about 30 seconds, the end of a successful power up is indicated by the
drive re calibrating the heads (stepping them out and back to track zero)
- you should hear the stepper motor move the heads.  If, after 30 seconds,
the drive speed has not settled down (motor speed hunting), or nothing is
happened, or if you hear a loud clattering noise, then switch off - choose
another drive!

5. Look on the side of the drive for a sticker called "Bad Block Map",
"Illegal Address Map" or similar, this details any areas on the winchester
that were found to be defective at manufacture - if possible find a drive
that has no map entries (a "physically perfect" disk).  Many disks have
bad blocks, this is not a problem because these can be overcome during
formatting making a "logically perfect" disk.

6. Always get technical information on a drive you are buying, you will
need to know a number of parameters to configure your controller card/host
system.  You will need to know such things as the number of cylinders,
number of heads, head step time, cylinder number after which reduced write
current is used, etc.

There is not too much point in going into who makes what in the way of
drives - basically there are two types: head positioned by stepper motor
or by voice coil, the later is much more expensive and usually reserved
for multi user systems where speed is really critical.

Older 5, 7 and 10Mb drives usually have a fixed head step speed 3mS,
whereas newer drives support buffered seek.  Buffered seek means that the
controller sends all the head step pulses to the drive, which counts them,
and then the drive works out the best way to move the head quickly to the
required cylinder.  Various manufacturers have implemented their own ways
of moving the heads quickly, and may call them such things as "fast step
algorithms" etc. basically it doesn't matter since it is transparent to
the controller.

There is a good chance that you will see more Rodime drives around than
some others as they are a BRITISH (!!!) company (and they are a pretty
good make!).  The RO200 series is most popular and goes something like: 
RO201 = 5Mb, RO202 = 10Mb, RO203 = 15Mb, RO204 = 20Mb, RO203E = 30Mb and
RO204E = 40Mb.  The RO200 series are all 5.25" full height, quiet and
reliable.

Controllers

There are a number of different SASI controllers around on the market made
by Shugart, Adaptec, Xebec, DTC, Western Digital, NCL etc., most of these
are software compatible as far as the command structure is concerned
except some of the Western Digital controllers.  The list below is not
complete or exhaustive, there are other makes of controller that may be
suitable.


00000000  0d 31 2e 20 41 66 74 65  72 20 70 6f 77 65 72 20  |.1. After power |
00000010  75 70 20 74 68 65 20 68  6f 73 74 20 63 6f 6d 70  |up the host comp|
00000020  75 74 65 72 20 73 65 6e  64 73 20 61 20 63 6f 6d  |uter sends a com|
00000030  6d 61 6e 64 20 62 6c 6f  63 6b 20 74 6f 20 74 68  |mand block to th|
00000040  65 0d 63 6f 6e 74 72 6f  6c 6c 65 72 20 74 65 6c  |e.controller tel|
00000050  6c 69 6e 67 20 69 74 20  61 62 6f 75 74 20 74 68  |ling it about th|
00000060  65 20 64 72 69 76 65 20  63 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 65  |e drive connecte|
00000070  64 20 28 74 68 69 73 20  72 65 6d 61 69 6e 73 20  |d (this remains |
00000080  69 6e 20 75 73 65 20 75  6e 74 69 6c 0d 70 6f 77  |in use until.pow|
00000090  65 72 20 69 73 20 6c 6f  73 74 20 6f 72 20 74 68  |er is lost or th|
000000a0  65 20 52 45 53 45 54 20  6c 69 6e 65 20 69 73 20  |e RESET line is |
000000b0  70 75 6c 6c 65 64 20 6c  6f 77 29 20 65 67 2e 20  |pulled low) eg. |
000000c0  57 44 31 30 30 32 2e 20  20 54 68 65 20 70 72 6f  |WD1002.  The pro|
000000d0  62 6c 65 6d 20 69 73 0d  74 68 65 20 68 6f 73 74  |blem is.the host|
000000e0  20 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 65  72 20 6e 65 65 64 73 20  | computer needs |
000000f0  74 6f 20 6b 6e 6f 77 20  77 68 65 6e 20 74 6f 20  |to know when to |
00000100  73 65 6e 64 20 74 68 65  20 69 6e 66 6f 20 74 6f  |send the info to|
00000110  20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6e  74 72 6f 6c 6c 65 72 0d  | the controller.|
00000120  28 70 72 6f 62 6c 65 6d  20 77 69 74 68 20 74 68  |(problem with th|
00000130  65 20 42 42 43 20 61 73  20 63 6f 6e 74 72 6f 6c  |e BBC as control|
00000140  6c 65 72 20 72 65 76 65  72 74 73 20 74 6f 20 70  |ler reverts to p|
00000150  6f 77 65 72 20 75 70 20  64 65 66 61 75 6c 74 20  |ower up default |
00000160  70 61 72 61 6d 65 74 65  72 73 0d 65 76 65 72 79  |parameters.every|
00000170  20 74 69 6d 65 20 42 52  45 41 4b 20 69 73 20 70  | time BREAK is p|
00000180  72 65 73 73 65 64 29 2e  0d 0d 32 2e 20 49 66 20  |ressed)...2. If |
00000190  74 68 65 20 63 6f 6e 74  72 6f 6c 6c 65 72 20 69  |the controller i|
000001a0  73 20 6d 69 63 72 6f 70  72 6f 63 65 73 73 6f 72  |s microprocessor|
000001b0  20 62 61 73 65 64 20 74  68 65 6e 20 74 68 65 20  | based then the |
000001c0  64 65 66 61 75 6c 74 20  70 61 72 61 6d 65 74 65  |default paramete|
000001d0  72 0d 76 61 6c 75 65 73  20 61 72 65 20 73 74 6f  |r.values are sto|
000001e0  72 65 64 20 61 73 20 70  61 72 74 20 6f 66 20 74  |red as part of t|
000001f0  68 65 20 70 72 6f 67 72  61 6d 20 69 6e 20 45 70  |he program in Ep|
00000200  72 6f 6d 20 6f 6e 20 74  68 65 20 63 6f 6e 74 72  |rom on the contr|
00000210  6f 6c 6c 65 72 20 63 61  72 64 2e 20 0d 54 68 65  |oller card. .The|
00000220  73 65 20 64 65 66 61 75  6c 74 20 70 61 72 61 6d  |se default param|
00000230  65 74 65 72 73 20 63 61  6e 20 62 65 20 65 64 69  |eters can be edi|
00000240  74 65 64 20 73 6f 20 74  68 61 74 20 74 68 65 79  |ted so that they|
00000250  20 6d 61 74 63 68 20 79  6f 75 72 20 64 72 69 76  | match your driv|
00000260  65 2c 20 65 67 2e 0d 44  54 43 20 63 6f 6e 74 72  |e, eg..DTC contr|
00000270  6f 6c 6c 65 72 73 2e 0d  0d 33 2e 20 54 72 75 6c  |ollers...3. Trul|
00000280  79 20 69 6e 74 65 6c 6c  69 67 65 6e 74 20 63 6f  |y intelligent co|
00000290  6e 74 72 6f 6c 6c 65 72  73 20 61 72 65 20 22 74  |ntrollers are "t|
000002a0  6f 6c 64 22 20 61 62 6f  75 74 20 74 68 65 20 64  |old" about the d|
000002b0  72 69 76 65 20 77 68 65  6e 20 69 74 20 69 73 0d  |rive when it is.|
000002c0  66 6f 72 6d 61 74 74 65  64 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 61  |formatted, and a|
000002d0  20 73 70 65 63 69 61 6c  20 73 65 63 74 6f 72 20  | special sector |
000002e0  69 73 20 77 72 69 74 74  65 6e 20 74 6f 20 74 68  |is written to th|
000002f0  65 20 57 69 6e 63 68 65  73 74 65 72 20 28 6f 6e  |e Winchester (on|
00000300  20 74 72 61 63 6b 0d 30  2f 68 65 61 64 20 30 29  | track.0/head 0)|
00000310  20 61 75 74 6f 6d 61 74  69 63 61 6c 6c 79 20 63  | automatically c|
00000320  6f 6e 74 61 69 6e 69 6e  67 20 64 72 69 76 65 20  |ontaining drive |
00000330  70 61 72 61 6d 65 74 65  72 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d  |parameter inform|
00000340  61 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 20  4f 6e 0d 73 75 62 73 65  |ation.  On.subse|
00000350  71 75 65 6e 74 20 70 6f  77 65 72 20 75 70 73 20  |quent power ups |
00000360  28 6f 72 20 61 66 74 65  72 20 42 52 45 41 4b 20  |(or after BREAK |
00000370  69 73 20 70 72 65 73 73  65 64 20 6f 6e 20 74 68  |is pressed on th|
00000380  65 20 42 42 43 29 20 74  68 65 20 63 6f 6e 74 72  |e BBC) the contr|
00000390  6f 6c 6c 65 72 0d 72 65  61 64 73 20 74 68 65 20  |oller.reads the |
000003a0  73 70 65 63 69 61 6c 20  73 65 63 74 6f 72 20 74  |special sector t|
000003b0  6f 20 66 69 6e 64 20 6f  75 74 20 61 62 6f 75 74  |o find out about|
000003c0  20 74 68 65 20 64 72 69  76 65 2c 20 65 67 2e 20  | the drive, eg. |
000003d0  41 64 61 70 74 65 63 20  41 43 42 34 30 30 30 0d  |Adaptec ACB4000.|
000003e0  61 6e 64 20 58 65 62 65  63 20 53 31 34 31 30 61  |and Xebec S1410a|
000003f0  20 73 65 72 69 65 73 20  63 6f 6e 74 72 6f 6c 6c  | series controll|
00000400  65 72 73 2e 0d 0d 49 6e  74 65 72 66 61 63 69 6e  |ers...Interfacin|
00000410  67 20 74 6f 20 61 20 68  6f 73 74 20 63 6f 6d 70  |g to a host comp|
00000420  75 74 65 72 0d 0d 47 65  6e 65 72 61 6c 6c 79 2c  |uter..Generally,|
00000430  20 74 6f 20 69 6e 74 65  72 66 61 63 65 20 61 20  | to interface a |
00000440  63 6f 6e 74 72 6f 6c 6c  65 72 20 74 6f 20 61 20  |controller to a |
00000450  68 6f 73 74 2c 20 61 20  70 61 69 72 20 6f 66 20  |host, a pair of |
00000460  38 20 62 69 74 20 70 61  72 61 6c 6c 65 6c 0d 72  |8 bit parallel.r|
00000470  65 61 64 20 70 6f 72 74  73 20 61 6e 64 20 61 6e  |ead ports and an|
00000480  20 38 20 62 69 74 20 70  61 72 61 6c 6c 65 6c 20  | 8 bit parallel |
00000490  6c 61 74 63 68 65 64 20  77 72 69 74 65 20 70 6f  |latched write po|
000004a0  72 74 20 61 72 65 20 72  65 71 75 69 72 65 64 20  |rt are required |
000004b0  77 69 74 68 20 73 6f 6d  65 0d 65 78 74 72 61 20  |with some.extra |
000004c0  6c 6f 67 69 63 20 74 6f  20 68 61 6e 64 6c 65 20  |logic to handle |
000004d0  74 68 65 20 63 6f 6e 74  72 6f 6c 20 73 69 67 6e  |the control sign|
000004e0  61 6c 73 20 28 68 61 6e  64 20 73 68 61 6b 69 6e  |als (hand shakin|
000004f0  67 20 65 74 63 2e 29 20  2d 20 61 6c 6c 20 64 61  |g etc.) - all da|
00000500  74 61 0d 69 6e 74 6f 2f  6f 75 74 20 6f 66 20 74  |ta.into/out of t|
00000510  68 65 20 63 6f 6e 74 72  6f 6c 6c 65 72 20 69 73  |he controller is|
00000520  20 6e 65 67 61 74 69 76  65 20 6c 6f 67 69 63 2c  | negative logic,|
00000530  20 73 6f 20 66 6f 72 20  74 68 65 20 6d 61 6a 6f  | so for the majo|
00000540  72 69 74 79 20 6f 66 0d  6d 61 63 68 69 6e 65 73  |rity of.machines|
00000550  2c 20 69 74 20 68 61 73  20 74 6f 20 62 65 20 69  |, it has to be i|
00000560  6e 76 65 72 74 65 64 2e  20 20 54 68 65 20 69 6e  |nverted.  The in|
00000570  74 65 72 66 61 63 65 20  62 65 74 77 65 65 6e 20  |terface between |
00000580  61 20 73 74 61 6e 64 61  72 64 20 53 41 53 49 0d  |a standard SASI.|
00000590  63 6f 6e 74 72 6f 6c 6c  65 72 20 61 6e 64 20 61  |controller and a|
000005a0  20 70 61 72 74 69 63 75  6c 61 72 20 68 6f 73 74  | particular host|
000005b0  20 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 65  72 20 69 73 20 75 73 75  | computer is usu|
000005c0  61 6c 6c 79 20 6b 6e 6f  77 6e 20 61 73 20 61 20  |ally known as a |
000005d0  22 48 6f 73 74 0d 49 6e  74 65 72 66 61 63 65 20  |"Host.Interface |
000005e0  41 64 61 70 74 6f 72 22  20 6f 72 20 22 57 69 6e  |Adaptor" or "Win|
000005f0  63 68 65 73 74 65 72 20  48 6f 73 74 20 41 64 61  |chester Host Ada|
00000600  70 74 6f 72 22 2c 20 66  75 72 74 68 65 72 20 73  |ptor", further s|
00000610  65 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 20  6f 66 20 74 68 69 73 0d  |ections of this.|
00000620  61 72 74 69 63 6c 65 20  64 65 73 63 72 69 62 65  |article describe|
00000630  20 68 6f 73 74 20 61 64  61 70 74 6f 72 73 20 66  | host adaptors f|
00000640  6f 72 20 76 61 72 69 6f  75 73 20 63 6f 6d 70 75  |or various compu|
00000650  74 65 72 73 2e 0d 0d 4f  6e 63 65 20 61 20 68 6f  |ters...Once a ho|
00000660  73 74 20 61 64 61 70 74  6f 72 20 69 73 20 69 6d  |st adaptor is im|
00000670  70 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 65  64 20 61 20 70 6f 77 65  |plemented a powe|
00000680  72 20 73 75 70 70 6c 79  20 69 73 20 72 65 71 75  |r supply is requ|
00000690  69 72 65 64 20 66 6f 72  20 74 68 65 0d 64 72 69  |ired for the.dri|
000006a0  76 65 20 61 6e 64 20 63  6f 6e 74 72 6f 6c 6c 65  |ve and controlle|
000006b0  72 2c 20 74 79 70 69 63  61 6c 6c 79 20 61 20 57  |r, typically a W|
000006c0  69 6e 63 68 65 73 74 65  72 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 72  |inchester will r|
000006d0  65 71 75 69 72 65 20 2b  35 76 20 61 74 20 31 41  |equire +5v at 1A|
000006e0  20 61 6e 64 0d 2b 31 32  76 20 61 74 20 32 2e 35  | and.+12v at 2.5|
000006f0  41 20 77 68 65 6e 20 72  75 6e 6e 69 6e 67 20 28  |A when running (|
00000700  70 65 61 6b 20 6f 66 20  34 41 20 61 74 20 73 77  |peak of 4A at sw|
00000710  69 74 63 68 20 6f 6e 29  2c 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68  |itch on), and th|
00000720  65 20 63 6f 6e 74 72 6f  6c 6c 65 72 0d 77 69 6c  |e controller.wil|
00000730  6c 20 72 65 71 75 69 72  65 20 61 72 6f 75 6e 64  |l require around|
00000740  20 33 41 20 61 74 20 35  76 2c 20 74 68 65 73 65  | 3A at 5v, these|
00000750  20 73 75 70 70 6c 69 65  73 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64  | supplies should|
00000760  20 62 65 20 22 63 6f 6d  70 75 74 65 72 20 67 72  | be "computer gr|
00000770  61 64 65 22 2c 0d 69 65  2e 20 77 65 6c 6c 20 72  |ade",.ie. well r|
00000780  65 67 75 6c 61 74 65 64  2c 20 70 72 6f 62 61 62  |egulated, probab|
00000790  6c 79 20 66 72 6f 6d 20  61 20 73 77 69 74 63 68  |ly from a switch|
000007a0  65 64 20 6d 6f 64 65 20  70 6f 77 65 72 20 73 75  |ed mode power su|
000007b0  70 70 6c 79 20 75 6e 69  74 2e 0d 0d 53 6f 66 74  |pply unit...Soft|
000007c0  77 61 72 65 20 74 6f 20  22 64 72 69 76 65 22 20  |ware to "drive" |
000007d0  61 20 77 69 6e 63 68 65  73 74 65 72 20 76 61 72  |a winchester var|
000007e0  69 65 73 20 67 72 65 61  74 6c 79 20 77 69 74 68  |ies greatly with|
000007f0  20 74 68 65 20 68 6f 73  74 20 69 6e 20 75 73 65  | the host in use|
00000800  2c 20 66 6f 72 0d 74 68  65 20 42 42 43 20 6d 69  |, for.the BBC mi|
00000810  63 72 6f 20 74 68 65 20  72 6f 75 74 69 6e 65 73  |cro the routines|
00000820  20 72 65 71 75 69 72 65  64 20 61 72 65 20 61 6c  | required are al|
00000830  72 65 61 64 79 20 69 6e  73 69 64 65 20 41 63 6f  |ready inside Aco|
00000840  72 6e 27 73 20 41 44 46  53 20 52 4f 4d 2c 0d 66  |rn's ADFS ROM,.f|
00000850  6f 72 20 61 20 5a 38 30  20 62 61 73 65 64 20 43  |or a Z80 based C|
00000860  50 2f 4d 20 6d 61 63 68  69 6e 65 20 61 20 64 72  |P/M machine a dr|
00000870  69 76 65 72 20 72 6f 75  74 69 6e 65 20 69 73 20  |iver routine is |
00000880  72 65 71 75 69 72 65 64  20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65  |required for the|
00000890  20 42 49 4f 53 0d 28 73  69 6d 69 6c 61 72 20 74  | BIOS.(similar t|
000008a0  6f 6f 20 66 6f 72 20 49  42 4d 20 50 43 20 74 79  |oo for IBM PC ty|
000008b0  70 65 20 6d 61 63 68 69  6e 65 73 20 77 69 74 68  |pe machines with|
000008c0  20 4d 53 44 4f 53 29 2e  20 20 49 66 20 79 6f 75  | MSDOS).  If you|
000008d0  20 63 61 6e 6e 6f 74 20  66 69 6e 64 0d 73 6f 66  | cannot find.sof|
000008e0  74 77 61 72 65 20 74 6f  20 68 61 6e 64 6c 65 20  |tware to handle |
000008f0  61 20 57 69 6e 63 68 65  73 74 65 72 20 6f 6e 20  |a Winchester on |
00000900  79 6f 75 72 20 63 6f 6d  70 75 74 65 72 20 79 6f  |your computer yo|
00000910  75 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 68  61 76 65 20 74 6f 20 77  |u will have to w|
00000920  72 69 74 65 0d 72 6f 75  74 69 6e 65 73 20 66 72  |rite.routines fr|
00000930  6f 6d 20 73 63 72 61 74  63 68 20 2d 20 74 68 65  |om scratch - the|
00000940  20 63 6f 6e 74 72 6f 6c  6c 65 72 20 6d 61 6e 75  | controller manu|
00000950  61 6c 73 20 75 73 75 61  6c 6c 79 20 67 69 76 65  |als usually give|
00000960  20 64 65 74 61 69 6c 65  64 20 66 6c 6f 77 0d 63  | detailed flow.c|
00000970  68 61 72 74 73 20 74 6f  20 6d 61 6b 65 20 74 68  |harts to make th|
00000980  69 73 20 65 61 73 69 65  72 2e 2e 2e 0d 0d 57 69  |is easier.....Wi|
00000990  6e 63 68 65 73 74 65 72  20 64 69 73 6b 20 73 79  |nchester disk sy|
000009a0  73 74 65 6d 73 20 20 42  75 79 69 6e 67 20 68 61  |stems  Buying ha|
000009b0  72 64 77 61 72 65 0d 42  75 79 69 6e 67 20 77 69  |rdware.Buying wi|
000009c0  6e 63 68 65 73 74 65 72  20 64 69 73 6b 20 64 72  |nchester disk dr|
000009d0  69 76 65 73 2f 63 6f 6e  74 72 6f 6c 6c 65 72 73  |ives/controllers|
000009e0  2f 68 61 72 64 77 61 72  65 0d 0d 44 72 69 76 65  |/hardware..Drive|
000009f0  73 0d 0d 54 68 65 72 65  20 69 73 20 61 20 72 65  |s..There is a re|
00000a00  61 73 6f 6e 61 62 6c 65  20 73 75 70 70 6c 79 20  |asonable supply |
00000a10  6f 66 20 63 68 65 61 70  20 64 72 69 76 65 20 75  |of cheap drive u|
00000a20  6e 69 74 73 20 20 61 76  61 69 6c 61 62 6c 65 20  |nits  available |
00000a30  6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 73  65 63 6f 6e 64 0d 68 61  |on the second.ha|
00000a40  6e 64 20 6d 61 72 6b 65  74 2c 20 62 75 74 20 70  |nd market, but p|
00000a50  72 69 63 65 73 20 61 6e  64 20 71 75 61 6c 69 74  |rices and qualit|
00000a60  79 20 76 61 72 79 20 67  72 65 61 74 6c 79 2e 20  |y vary greatly. |
00000a70  20 50 6f 69 6e 74 73 20  6f 66 20 6e 6f 74 65 3a  | Points of note:|
00000a80  0d 0d 31 2e 20 41 6c 6c  20 57 69 6e 63 68 65 73  |..1. All Winches|
00000a90  74 65 72 73 20 28 65 78  63 65 70 74 20 74 68 65  |ters (except the|
00000aa0  20 76 65 72 79 20 6c 61  72 67 65 20 75 6e 69 74  | very large unit|
00000ab0  73 20 77 69 74 68 20 72  65 6d 6f 76 61 62 6c 65  |s with removable|
00000ac0  20 6d 65 64 69 61 29 20  61 72 65 0d 73 65 61 6c  | media) are.seal|
00000ad0  65 64 20 69 6e 20 61 20  63 6c 65 61 6e 20 72 6f  |ed in a clean ro|
00000ae0  6f 6d 2c 20 6d 6f 73 74  20 6d 61 6e 75 66 61 63  |om, most manufac|
00000af0  74 75 72 65 72 73 20 70  75 74 20 61 20 73 65 61  |turers put a sea|
00000b00  6c 20 61 63 72 6f 73 73  20 74 68 65 20 74 6f 70  |l across the top|
00000b10  20 70 6c 61 74 65 0d 2d  20 64 6f 6e 27 74 20 62  | plate.- don't b|
00000b20  75 79 20 61 20 64 72 69  76 65 20 74 68 61 74 20  |uy a drive that |
00000b30  68 61 73 20 74 68 65 20  73 65 61 6c 73 20 62 72  |has the seals br|
00000b40  6f 6b 65 6e 2e 20 28 53  6f 6d 65 20 64 72 69 76  |oken. (Some driv|
00000b50  65 73 20 68 61 76 65 20  62 65 65 6e 20 62 61 63  |es have been bac|
00000b60  6b 0d 74 6f 20 74 68 65  20 6d 61 6e 75 66 61 63  |k.to the manufac|
00000b70  74 75 72 65 72 20 61 6e  64 20 62 65 65 6e 20 72  |turer and been r|
00000b80  65 20 66 75 72 62 69 73  68 65 64 20 61 6e 64 20  |e furbished and |
00000b90  6d 61 79 20 68 61 76 65  20 74 77 6f 20 73 65 74  |may have two set|
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00001970
F/+HARD2.m0
F/+HARD2.m1
F/+HARD2.m2
F/+HARD2.m4
F/+HARD2.m5

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