Home » Archimedes archive » Archimedes World » AW-1996-12.adf » !AcornAns_AcornAns » December/!Balls/BallsNoInt
December/!Balls/BallsNoInt
This website contains an archive of files for the Acorn Electron, BBC Micro, Acorn Archimedes, Commodore 16 and Commodore 64 computers, which Dominic Ford has rescued from his private collection of floppy disks and cassettes.
Some of these files were originally commercial releases in the 1980s and 1990s, but they are now widely available online. I assume that copyright over them is no longer being asserted. If you own the copyright and would like files to be removed, please contact me.
| Tape/disk: | Home » Archimedes archive » Archimedes World » AW-1996-12.adf » !AcornAns_AcornAns |
| Filename: | December/!Balls/BallsNoInt |
| Read OK: | ✔ |
| File size: | 4383 bytes |
| Load address: | 0000 |
| Exec address: | 0000 |
File contents
10REM >Balls
20REM
30:
40REM NB program will produce a beep if animation speed falls
50REM below the target fps rate.
60targetfps% = 50
70IF 100MODtargetfps%<>0 ERROR 1, "Require targetfps divides into 100"
80:
90SYS &20280, 0, -1 TO ;flags%
100IF flags% AND 1 THEN arm3%=FALSE ELSE arm3%=TRUE
110:
120ON ERROR SYS 6,112,1:SYS 6,113,1:PRINT REPORT$;" at line ";ERL:END
130D% = RND(-TIME)
140:
150CLS
160PRINT " B A L L S D E M O"'
170PRINT "� Program will beep if animation speed falls below the target of ";targetfps%;" fps."
180PRINT "� Pressing any key during demo will add one more ball."
190PRINT "� Press Escape to end program."'
200INPUT "Please input Standard (0) or VGA (1) display";VGA%
210IF VGA%<>1 VGA%=0
220:
230hpix%=288
240vpix%=200
250IF VGA% THEN
260 mode%=99
270 avpix%=400
280 hadd%=hpix%*2
290 lhadd%=6
300 lhpix%=5
310ELSE
320 mode%=98
330 avpix%=200
340 hadd%=hpix%
350 lhadd%=5
360 lhpix%=5
370ENDIF
380:
390DIM balldata% 864*3
400SYS "OS_File", 255, "<Balls$Dir>.Resources.BallrData", balldata%, 0
410SYS "OS_File", 255, "<Balls$Dir>.Resources.BallgData", balldata%+864, 0
420SYS "OS_File", 255, "<Balls$Dir>.Resources.BallbData", balldata%+864*2, 0
430DIM backdata% 57656
440SYS "OS_File", 255, "<Balls$Dir>.Resources.BackSpr", backdata%, 0
450DIM middata% 57656
460SYS "OS_File", 255, "<Balls$Dir>.Resources.MidSpr", middata%, 0
470:
480DIM vblin% 8, vblout% 8
490!vblin%=148:vblin%!4=-1
500MODE mode%+128
510SYS "OS_ReadVduVariables", vblin%, vblout%
520scrst2%=!vblout%
530MODE mode%
540SYS "OS_ReadVduVariables", vblin%, vblout%
550scrst1%=!vblout%
560OFF
570:
580maxn%=200
590DIM b% maxn%*24
600REM NB b% stores array (of size n%) of structure:
610REM {x coord, y coord, x increment, y increment, sticking count, ball type}
620:
630PROCass
640:
650SYS 6,112,1:SYS 6,113,1
660n%=1
670!an%=n%
680:
690REM initialise ball locations & velocities
700FOR i% = 0 TO n%*24-1 STEP 24
710 b%!(i%+0) = 259*256
720 b%!(i%+4) = 174*256
730 b%!(i%+8) = RND(64)-32
740 b%!(i%+12) = -4*256+RND(128)-64
750 b%!(i%+16) = 0
760 b%!(i%+20) = RND(3)-1
770NEXT
780:
790CALL makeback%
800:
810REPEAT
820 CALL anim%
830 IF n%<maxn% THEN
840 i%=24*n%
850 b%!(i%+0) = 259*256
860 b%!(i%+4) = 174*256
870 b%!(i%+8) = RND(64)-32
880 b%!(i%+12) = -4*256+RND(128)-64
890 b%!(i%+16) = 0
900 b%!(i%+20) = RND(3)-1
910 n%+=1
920 !an%=n%
930 ENDIF
940UNTIL FALSE
950:
960END
970:
980DEF PROCass
990DIM code% 10240, sqrt% 257*4, sincos% 256*8
1000FOR i%=0 TO 256
1010 sqrt%!(4*i%) = 0.5+SQR(256*i%)
1020NEXT
1030FOR i%=0 TO 255
1040 sincos%!(8*i% ) = 0.5+256*SIN(2*PI*i%/256)
1050 sincos%!(8*i%+4) = 0.5+256*COS(2*PI*i%/256)
1060NEXT
1070scrst%=scrst1%
1080FOR pass% = 0 TO 2 STEP 2
1090 P%=code%
1100 [OPT pass%
1110 .aspframe% EQUD 0
1120 .ascrstsum% EQUD scrst1%+scrst2%
1130 .an% EQUD 0
1140 .ab% EQUD b%
1150 .atime% EQUD 0 ;time storage for frame speed calc
1160 .afc% EQUD 0 ;frame counter
1170 .anim%
1180 STMFD 13!, {14}
1190 STR 13, aspframe% ;store sp to free up r13
1200 .nextframe%
1210 :
1220 SWI "OS_ReadMonotonicTime" ;track frame speed
1230 STR 0, atime%
1240 :
1250 MOV 0, #19
1260 SWI "OS_Byte" ;wait for vsync
1270 MOV 0, #113
1280 LDR 1, abank%
1290 RSB 3, 1, #3
1300 STR 3, abank%
1310 SWI "OS_Byte" ;swap displayed screen bank
1320 LDR 0, ascrstsum%
1330 LDR 1, ascrst%
1340 SUB 1, 0, 1
1350 STR 1, ascrst% ;swap ptr to other bank
1360 BL copyback% ;cls that bank to background
1370 :
1380 LDR 12, ab%
1390 LDR 13, an%
1400 .framemoveloop% ;then move each ball
1410 LDMIA 12, {0,1,2,3,4,5} ; read x,y,xi,yi,sc,bt
1420 BL movencheck%
1430 STMIA 12!, {0,1,2,3,4,5} ; restore x,y,xi,yi,sc,bt
1440 SUBS 13, 13, #1
1450 BNE framemoveloop% ;then do next ball
1460 :
1470 LDR 12, ab%
1480 LDR 13, an%
1490 .frameplotloop% ;now plot each ball:
1500 LDMIA 12, {0,1} ; read x,y coords from data
1510 LDR 2, [12, #20]
1520 MOV 0, 0, ASR #8
1530 MOV 1, 1, ASR #8
1540 BL plot% ; plot ball at x,y
1550 ADD 12, 12, #24
1560 SUBS 13, 13, #1
1570 BNE frameplotloop% ;then do next ball
1580 LDR 11, afc%
1590 ADD 11, 11, #1
1600 STR 11, afc% ;update frame count
1610 :
1620 ]
1630 IF VGA% THEN
1640 [OPT pass%
1650 LDR 14, ascrst% ;if in VGA mode, fill in the extra
1660 ADD 13, 14, #hadd%-hpix%;blank lines by copying the line
1670 MOV 12, #vpix% ;above
1680 .interlacel1%
1690 LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
1700 STMIA 13!, {0-11}
1710 LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
1720 STMIA 13!, {0-11}
1730 LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
1740 STMIA 13!, {0-11}
1750 LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
1760 STMIA 13!, {0-11}
1770 LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
1780 STMIA 13!, {0-11}
1790 LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
1800 STMIA 13!, {0-11}
1810 ADD 13, 13, #hadd%-hpix%
1820 ADD 14, 14, #hadd%-hpix%
1830 SUBS 12, 12, #1
1840 BNE interlacel1%
1850 ]
1860 ENDIF
1870 [OPT pass%
1880 :
1890 SWI "OS_ReadMonotonicTime" ;calculate frame speed
1900 LDR 1, atime%
1910 SUB 0, 0, 1
1920 CMP 0, #100/targetfps%
1930 SWIGT 256+7 ;beep if it falls below target fps
1940 :
1950 MOV 0, #129
1960 MOV 1, #0
1970 MOV 2, #0
1980 SWI "OS_Byte"
1990 CMP 2, #&FF
2000 BEQ nextframe% ;if no key pressed, do next frame
2010 LDR 13, aspframe% ;restore sp
2020 LDMFD 13!, {PC} ;return to BASIC
2030 :
2040 .makeback%
2050 LDR 0, abackdata%
2060 LDR 1, amiddata%
2070 MOV 2, #vpix%*hpix%
2080 MOV 4, #255
2090 .makebackloop%
2100 LDRB 3, [1]
2110 CMP 3, #0
2120 STRNEB 3, [0]
2130 STRNEB 4, [1]
2140 ADD 1, 1, #1
2150 ADD 0, 0, #1
2160 SUBS 2, 2, #1
2170 BNE makebackloop%
2180 MOVS PC, 14
2190 :
2200 .ascrst% EQUD scrst%
2210 .adata% EQUD balldata%
2220 .abackdata% EQUD backdata%+56
2230 .amiddata% EQUD middata%+56
2240 .abank% EQUD 1
2250 .aplotregs% EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0
2260 .plot% ;plot our ball sprite at coords r0,r1
2270 ;where 0,0 is top left & 287,199 is bottom right
2280 ;NB sprite MUST lie entirely within screen
2290 ADR 11, aplotregs%
2300 STMIA 11, {12,13,14}
2310 AND 4, 0, #3 ;calc which of 4 sprite alignments
2320 ADD 3, 4, 4, ASL #1 ;we need via (xAND3)*12*2*9 + data%
2330 ADD 3, 3, 3, ASL #3
2340 BIC 0, 0, #3 ;round x down to mult of 3
2350 ADD 1, 1, 1, ASL #3
2360 LDR 4, ascrst%
2370 ADD 4, 4, 1, ASL #lhadd%
2380 ADD 0, 4, 0 ;calc (screen ptr + hadd%*y + x)
2390 LDR 1, adata%
2400 RSB 4, 2, 2, ASL #5
2410 SUB 4, 4, 2, ASL #2
2420 ADD 1, 1, 4, ASL #5
2430 ADD 1, 1, 3, ASL #3 ;finally calc (xAND3)*12*2*9+data%
2440 MOV 2, #3
2450 ADD 3, 1, #12*9
2460 .loop1% ;now plot sprite
2470 FNplotfrag(pass%) ;plot 1st row
2480 ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-12 ;move screen ptr to start next row
2490 FNplotfrag(pass%)
2500 ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-12
2510 FNplotfrag(pass%) ;plot 3rd row
2520 ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-12
2530 SUBS 2, 2, #1
2540 BNE loop1% ;repeat above 3 times to do all 9 rows
2550 ADR 11, aplotregs% ;plot completed - return to caller
2560 LDMIA 11, {12,13,PC} ;preserving r12 & r13.
2570 :
2580 .acollregs% EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0
2590 EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0
2600 .movencheck% ;move then collision check our
2610 ;ball sprite at coords r0,r1
2620 ;where 0,0 is top left & 287,199 is bottom right
2630 ;NB sprite MUST lie entirely within screen
2640 ADR 11, acollregs%
2650 ADD 0, 0, 2
2660 ADD 1, 1, 3
2670 STMIA 11, {0-5,12,13,14}
2680 MOV 0, 0, ASR #8
2690 MOV 1, 1, ASR #8
2700 AND 2, 0, #3 ;calc which of 4 sprite alignments
2710 ADD 3, 2, 2, ASL #1 ;we need via (xAND3)*12*2*9 + data%
2720 ADD 3, 3, 3, ASL #3
2730 BIC 0, 0, #3 ;round x down to mult of 3
2740 ADD 1, 1, 1, ASL #3
2750 LDR 2, amiddata%
2760 ADD 2, 2, 1, ASL #lhpix%
2770 ADD 0, 2, 0 ;calc (back mask ptr + hpix%*y + x)
2780 LDR 1, adata%
2790 RSB 2, 5, 5, ASL #5
2800 SUB 2, 2, 5, ASL #2
2810 ADD 1, 1, 2, ASL #5 ;add in to data ptr 864*balltype
2820 ADD 1, 1, 3, ASL #3 ;finally calc (xAND3)*12*2*9+data%
2830 ADD 1, 1, #12*9
2840 ADR 2, colladdrbuf% ;store back and sprite data addrs
2850 STMIA 2, {0,1} ;corresponding to top left of ball
2860 MOV 2, #3
2870 .collloop1% ;now check sprite
2880 FNcollfrag(pass%) ;check 1st row (if coll B gotcoll%)
2890 ADD 0, 0, #hpix%-12 ;move back ptr to start next row
2900 FNcollfrag(pass%)
2910 ADD 0, 0, #hpix%-12
2920 FNcollfrag(pass%) ;check 4th row
2930 ADD 0, 0, #hpix%-12
2940 SUBS 2, 2, #1
2950 BNE collloop1% ;repeat above 3 times to do all 9 rows
2960 ADR 11, acollregs%
2970 LDMIA 11, {0-5,12,13,14}
2980 ADD 3, 3, #8 ; accelerate ball downwards
2990 MOV 4, #0
3000 MOV PC, 14
3010 .colladdrbuf% EQUD 0:EQUD 0
3020 .gotcoll%
3030 ADR 11, acollregs%
3040 LDMIA 11, {0-3}
3050 SUB 0, 0, 2 ;reset position, moving it out of
3060 SUB 1, 1, 3 ;collision
3070 STMIA 11, {0,1}
3080 MOV 6, #0 ;in my lin reg notes, n
3090 MOV 7, #0 ; u
3100 MOV 8, #0 ; v
3110 MOV 9, #0 ; p
3120 MOV 10, #0 ; q
3130 ADR 2, colladdrbuf%
3140 LDMIA 2, {0,1} ;recall screen/data addrs for top
3150 MOV 3, #0 ;row 0 ;left of sprite
3160 .statloop1%
3170 MOV 2, #0 ;col 0
3180 .statloop2%
3190 LDR 4, [0], #4 ;rescan each pixel in collision area
3200 LDR 5, [1], #4 ;and for each collided pixel add its
3210 AND 4, 4, 5 ;coords (relative to topleft sprite)
3220 FNstatfrag(pass%, 255) ;onto the regression statistics
3230 ADD 2, 2, #1
3240 FNstatfrag(pass%, 255<<8)
3250 ADD 2, 2, #1
3260 FNstatfrag(pass%, 255<<16)
3270 ADD 2, 2, #1
3280 FNstatfrag(pass%, 255<<24)
3290 ADD 2, 2, #1
3300 CMP 2, #12
3310 BLT statloop2%
3320 ADD 0, 0, #hpix%-12
3330 ADD 3, 3, #1
3340 CMP 3, #9
3350 BLT statloop1% ;when done, n, u & v computed
3360 MUL 9, 6, 9
3370 ADD 5, 7, 8
3380 SUB 14, 7, 8
3390 MLA 9, 5, 14, 9 ;p computed
3400 MUL 10, 6, 10
3410 MUL 14, 7, 8
3420 SUB 10, 10, 14
3430 ADD 10, 10, 10 ;q computed
3440 MOVS 6, 9
3450 RSBMI 6, 6, #0 ;ap = abs p
3460 MOVS 7, 10
3470 RSBMI 7, 7, #0 ;aq = abs q
3480 CMP 6, 7
3490 MOV 8, 6
3500 MOVLT 8, 7 ; m = max {ap,aq}
3510 CMP 8, #0 ;if have degenerate collision
3520 BEQ patch1% ;(eg with single pixel), can't calc
3530 .statloop3% ;a linear regression, so go patch1%
3540 CMP 8, #1<<12 ;which simply reverses velocities!
3550 MOVGE 8, 8, ASR #1
3560 MOVGE 6, 6, ASR #1 ;proportionately reduce ap and aq in
3570 MOVGE 7, 7, ASR #1 ;magnitude, until in necessary range
3580 BGE statloop3%
3590 MUL 11, 6, 6 ;ap^2 in low range
3600 MUL 12, 7, 7 ;aq^2 in low range
3610 ADD 13, 11, 12 ;divisor ap^2+aq^2
3620 MOV 0, 11, ASL #8
3630 FNdiv(pass%, 0, 13, 11, 1) ;t in r11 = 256ap^2/(ap^2+aq^2)
3640 MOV 0, 12, ASL #8
3650 FNdiv(pass%, 0, 13, 12, 1) ;tb in r12 = 256aq^2/(ap^2+aq^2)
3660 LDR 13, asqrt%
3670 LDR 7, [13, 11, LSL #2] ;square root t
3680 LDR 8, [13, 12, LSL #2] ;and tb, via look-up-table
3690 CMP 9, #0
3700 RSBLT 7, 7, #0 ;final t in r7
3710 CMP 10, #0
3720 RSBPL 8, 8, #0 ;final tb in r8
3730 ADR 11, acollregs%
3740 LDMIA 11, {0-5,12,13,14}
3750 MUL 11, 7, 2 ;now modify velocity by
3760 MLA 11, 8, 3, 11 ;reflecting it in the
3770 RSB 11, 11, #0 ;line generated by the linear
3780 MUL 6, 7, 3 ;regression calculation
3790 MUL 9, 8, 2 ;(which we use to approximate the
3800 SUB 6, 6, 9 ; tangent at the collision surface)
3810 RSB 11, 11, 11, ASL #8
3820 RSB 6, 6, 6, ASL #8 ;& then attenuate by factor 255/256
3830 MOV 2, 11, ASR #16 ;(simulate energy loss on coll)
3840 MOV 3, 6, ASR #16
3850 ADD 4, 4, #1 ;track how many consecutive frames
3860 : ;this ball has been stuck in a
3870 CMP 4,#2 ;collision and if 2 or more, try to
3880 BLT movencheck% ;escape it via a bodge:
3890 .bodge1% ;bodge begin ...
3900 ADR 7, seed%
3910 LDMIA 7, {6, 11}
3920 MOVS 11, 11, LSR #1 ;generate random 32-bit number
3930 MOVS 8, 6, RRX
3940 ADC 11, 11, 11
3950 EOR 8, 8, 6, LSL #12
3960 EOR 6, 8, 8, LSR #20
3970 STMIA 7, {6, 11}
3980 LDR 7, asincos% ;when balls get stuck
3990 AND 6, 6, #255 ;due to conflict between correct
4000 ADD 7, 7, 6, ASL #3 ;reflection & small velocity or
4010 LDMIA 7, {6, 11} ;jagged overlap problems ...
4020 MUL 7, 2, 6
4030 MLA 7, 3, 11, 7 ;try a 'fix' - rotate velocity by
4040 MUL 8, 2, 11 ;a random angle, so eventually
4050 MUL 9, 3, 6 ;should pick some velocity that
4060 SUB 8, 8, 9 ;extricates ball from stuck position
4070 MOV 2, 7, ASR #8
4080 MOV 3, 8, ASR #8 ;... bodge end
4090 CMP 4, #16
4100 BLT movencheck%
4110 MOV PC, 14
4120 :
4130 .asincos% EQUD sincos%
4140 .seed% EQUD -1:EQUD -1
4150 .patch1% ;a patch to deal with collision case
4160 ADR 11, acollregs% ;where no linear regression exists
4170 LDMIA 11, {0-5,12,13,14} ;(eg where collision involves only
4180 SUB 2, 2, 2, ASL #8 ; one pixel)
4190 SUB 3, 3, 3, ASL #8 ;- simply reverse velocity!
4200 MOV 2, 2, ASR #8
4210 MOV 3, 3, ASR #8 ;nb also attenuate by factor 255/256
4220 ADD 4, 4, #1 ;(simulate energy loss on coll)
4230 CMP 4,#2
4240 BLT movencheck%
4250 B bodge1% ;if been stuck in collision for >= 2
4260 : ;frames go and apply bodged 'escape'
4270 .asqrt% EQUD sqrt%
4280 .alrcls% EQUD 0
4290 .aspcls% EQUD 0
4300 .copyback% ;simple routine to clear screen to
4310 STR 14, alrcls% ;background as rapidly as possible -
4320 STR 13, aspcls% ;note the heavy use of LDM/STM.
4330 LDR 0, ascrst%
4340 LDR 1, abackdata%
4350 MOV 2, #200
4360 .clsloop%
4370 LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
4380 STMIA 0!, {3-14}
4390 LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
4400 STMIA 0!, {3-14}
4410 LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
4420 STMIA 0!, {3-14}
4430 LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
4440 STMIA 0!, {3-14}
4450 LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
4460 STMIA 0!, {3-14}
4470 LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
4480 STMIA 0!, {3-14}
4490 ]
4500 IF VGA% THEN
4510 [OPT pass%
4520 ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-hpix%
4530 ]
4540 ENDIF
4550 [OPT pass%
4560 SUBS 2, 2, #1
4570 BNE clsloop%
4580 LDR 13, aspcls%
4590 LDR PC, alrcls%
4600 ]
4610NEXT
4620ENDPROC
4630:
4640DEF FNplotfrag(pass%) :REM macro to plot a row (12 pixels)
4650[OPT pass% :REM of our sprite
4660LDMIA 0, {4-6} ;read 3 words of screen (12 pixels)
4670LDMIA 1!, {7-9} ;read 12 sprite pixels
4680LDMIA 3!, {10-12} ;& 12 masks
4690BIC 4, 4, 10 ;apply mask to screen, zeroing
4700BIC 5, 5, 11 ; those bits where will write
4710BIC 6, 6, 12 ; sprite image in a moment
4720ORR 4, 4, 7 ;write in the sprite image
4730ORR 5, 5, 8
4740ORR 6, 6, 9
4750STMIA 0!, {4-6} ;restore the data back to screen
4760]
4770=pass%
4780:
4790DEF FNcollfrag(pass%) :REM macro to coll check a row
4800[OPT pass% :REM (12 pixels) of our sprite
4810LDMIA 0!, {3-5} ;read 3 words of screen (12 pixels)
4820LDMIA 1!, {8-10} ;read 12 sprite pixel masks
4830TST 3, 8
4840TSTEQ 4, 9
4850TSTEQ 5, 10
4860BNE gotcoll% ;branch to gotcoll% if any overlap
4870] :REM else continue with code after macro
4880=pass%
4890:
4900DEF FNstatfrag(pass%, m%):REM macro to add in regression stats
4910[OPT pass% :REM for one pixel (coords u(i),v(i))
4920TST 4, #m%
4930BEQ P%+8*4
4940ADDNE 6, 6, #1 ; n = n + 1
4950ADDNE 7, 7, 2 ; u = u + u(i)
4960ADDNE 8, 8, 3 ; v = v + v(i)
4970ADDNE 5, 2, 3
4980SUBNE 14, 3, 2
4990MLANE 9, 5, 14, 9 ; p = p + v(i)^2-u(i)^2
5000MLANE 10, 2, 3, 10 ; q = q + u(i)*v(i)
5010]
5020=pass%
5030:
5040DEF FNdiv(pass%, ra, rb, rc, rd) :REM macro to set rc=raDIVrb
5050[OPT pass%
5060MOV rd, rb
5070CMP rd, ra, LSR #1
5080MOVLS rd, rd, LSL #1
5090CMP rd, ra, LSR #1
5100BLS P%-2*4
5110MOV rc, #0
5120CMP ra, rd
5130SUBCS ra, ra, rd
5140ADC rc, rc, rc
5150MOV rd, rd, LSR #1
5160CMP rd, rb
5170BHS P%-5*4
5180]
5190=pass%
� >Balls
�
:
(=� NB program will produce a beep if animation speed falls
2 � below the target fps rate.
<targetfps% = 50
FA� 100�targetfps%<>0 � 1, "Require targetfps divides into 100"
P:
Z ș &20280, 0, -1 � ;flags%
d$� flags% � 1 � arm3%=� � arm3%=�
n:
x2� � ș 6,112,1:ș 6,113,1:� �$;" at line ";�:�
�D% = �(-�)
�:
��
�0� " B A L L S D E M O"'
�\� "� Program will beep if animation speed falls below the target of ";targetfps%;" fps."
�>� "� Pressing any key during demo will add one more ball."
�'� "� Press Escape to end program."'
�9� "Please input Standard (0) or VGA (1) display";VGA%
�� VGA%<>1 VGA%=0
�:
�
hpix%=288
�
vpix%=200
� � VGA% �
mode%=99
avpix%=400
hadd%=hpix%*2
"
lhadd%=6
,
lhpix%=5
6�
@
mode%=98
J avpix%=200
T hadd%=hpix%
^
lhadd%=5
h
lhpix%=5
r�
|:
�� balldata% 864*3
�Fș "OS_File", 255, "<Balls$Dir>.Resources.BallrData", balldata%, 0
�Jș "OS_File", 255, "<Balls$Dir>.Resources.BallgData", balldata%+864, 0
�Lș "OS_File", 255, "<Balls$Dir>.Resources.BallbData", balldata%+864*2, 0
�� backdata% 57656
�Dș "OS_File", 255, "<Balls$Dir>.Resources.BackSpr", backdata%, 0
�� middata% 57656
�Bș "OS_File", 255, "<Balls$Dir>.Resources.MidSpr", middata%, 0
�:
�� vblin% 8, vblout% 8
�!vblin%=148:vblin%!4=-1
�� mode%+128
�-ș "OS_ReadVduVariables", vblin%, vblout%
scrst2%=!vblout%
� mode%
-ș "OS_ReadVduVariables", vblin%, vblout%
&scrst1%=!vblout%
0�
::
D
maxn%=200
N� b% maxn%*24
X3� NB b% stores array (of size n%) of structure:
bM� {x coord, y coord, x increment, y increment, sticking count, ball type}
l:
v�ass
�:
�ș 6,112,1:ș 6,113,1
�n%=1
� !an%=n%
�:
�,� initialise ball locations & velocities
�� i% = 0 � n%*24-1 � 24
� b%!(i%+0) = 259*256
� b%!(i%+4) = 174*256
� b%!(i%+8) = �(64)-32
�# b%!(i%+12) = -4*256+�(128)-64
� b%!(i%+16) = 0
� b%!(i%+20) = �(3)-1
�
:
� makeback%
:
*�
4 � anim%
> � n%<maxn% �
H i%=24*n%
R b%!(i%+0) = 259*256
\ b%!(i%+4) = 174*256
f b%!(i%+8) = �(64)-32
p# b%!(i%+12) = -4*256+�(128)-64
z b%!(i%+16) = 0
� b%!(i%+20) = �(3)-1
� n%+=1
�
!an%=n%
� �
�� �
�:
��
�:
�
� �ass
�-� code% 10240, sqrt% 257*4, sincos% 256*8
�� i%=0 � 256
�! sqrt%!(4*i%) = 0.5+�(256*i%)
��
� i%=0 � 255
- sincos%!(8*i% ) = 0.5+256*�(2*�*i%/256)
- sincos%!(8*i%+4) = 0.5+256*�(2*�*i%/256)
$�
.scrst%=scrst1%
8� pass% = 0 � 2 � 2
B
P%=code%
L [OPT pass%
V .aspframe% EQUD 0
`, .ascrstsum% EQUD scrst1%+scrst2%
j .an% EQUD 0
t .ab% EQUD b%
~D .atime% EQUD 0 ;time storage for frame speed calc
�0 .afc% EQUD 0 ;frame counter
� .anim%
� STMFD 13!, {14}
�: STR 13, aspframe% ;store sp to free up r13
� .nextframe%
� :
�> SWI "OS_ReadMonotonicTime" ;track frame speed
� STR 0, atime%
� :
� MOV 0, #19
�; SWI "OS_Byte" ;wait for vsync
� MOV 0, #113
LDR 1, abank%
RSB 3, 1, #3
STR 3, abank%
= SWI "OS_Byte" ;swap displayed screen bank
( LDR 0, ascrstsum%
2 LDR 1, ascrst%
< SUB 1, 0, 1
F9 STR 1, ascrst% ;swap ptr to other bank
P> BL copyback% ;cls that bank to background
Z :
d LDR 12, ab%
n LDR 13, an%
x6 .framemoveloop% ;then move each ball
�8 LDMIA 12, {0,1,2,3,4,5} ; read x,y,xi,yi,sc,bt
� BL movencheck%
�; STMIA 12!, {0,1,2,3,4,5} ; restore x,y,xi,yi,sc,bt
� SUBS 13, 13, #1
�4 BNE framemoveloop% ;then do next ball
� :
� LDR 12, ab%
� LDR 13, an%
�6 .frameplotloop% ;now plot each ball:
�= LDMIA 12, {0,1} ; read x,y coords from data
� LDR 2, [12, #20]
� MOV 0, 0, ASR #8
� MOV 1, 1, ASR #8
4 BL plot% ; plot ball at x,y
ADD 12, 12, #24
SUBS 13, 13, #1
"4 BNE frameplotloop% ;then do next ball
, LDR 11, afc%
6 ADD 11, 11, #1
@5 STR 11, afc% ;update frame count
J :
T ]
^
� VGA% �
h [OPT pass%
rD LDR 14, ascrst% ;if in VGA mode, fill in the extra
|B ADD 13, 14, #hadd%-hpix%;blank lines by copying the line
�( MOV 12, #vpix% ;above
� .interlacel1%
� LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
� STMIA 13!, {0-11}
� LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
� STMIA 13!, {0-11}
� LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
� STMIA 13!, {0-11}
� LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
� STMIA 13!, {0-11}
� LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
� STMIA 13!, {0-11}
� LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
STMIA 13!, {0-11}
" ADD 13, 13, #hadd%-hpix%
" ADD 14, 14, #hadd%-hpix%
& SUBS 12, 12, #1
0 BNE interlacel1%
: ]
D �
N [OPT pass%
X :
bB SWI "OS_ReadMonotonicTime" ;calculate frame speed
l LDR 1, atime%
v SUB 0, 0, 1
� CMP 0, #100/targetfps%
�D SWIGT 256+7 ;beep if it falls below target fps
� :
� MOV 0, #129
� MOV 1, #0
� MOV 2, #0
� SWI "OS_Byte"
� CMP 2, #&FF
�C BEQ nextframe% ;if no key pressed, do next frame
�- LDR 13, aspframe% ;restore sp
�2 LDMFD 13!, {PC} ;return to BASIC
� :
� .makeback%
LDR 0, abackdata%
LDR 1, amiddata%
MOV 2, #vpix%*hpix%
MOV 4, #255
* .makebackloop%
4 LDRB 3, [1]
> CMP 3, #0
H STRNEB 3, [0]
R STRNEB 4, [1]
\ ADD 1, 1, #1
f ADD 0, 0, #1
p SUBS 2, 2, #1
z BNE makebackloop%
� MOVS PC, 14
� :
� .ascrst% EQUD scrst%
� .adata% EQUD balldata%
�) .abackdata% EQUD backdata%+56
�( .amiddata% EQUD middata%+56
� .abank% EQUD 1
�, .aplotregs% EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0
�3 .plot% ;plot our ball sprite at coords r0,r1
�> ;where 0,0 is top left & 287,199 is bottom right
�8 ;NB sprite MUST lie entirely within screen
� ADR 11, aplotregs%
� STMIA 11, {12,13,14}
B � 4, 0, #3 ;calc which of 4 sprite alignments
E ADD 3, 4, 4, ASL #1 ;we need via (xAND3)*12*2*9 + data%
ADD 3, 3, 3, ASL #3
$< BIC 0, 0, #3 ;round x down to mult of 3
. ADD 1, 1, 1, ASL #3
8 LDR 4, ascrst%
B" ADD 4, 4, 1, ASL #lhadd%
LB ADD 0, 4, 0 ;calc (screen ptr + hadd%*y + x)
V LDR 1, adata%
` RSB 4, 2, 2, ASL #5
j SUB 4, 4, 2, ASL #2
t ADD 1, 1, 4, ASL #5
~D ADD 1, 1, 3, ASL #3 ;finally calc (xAND3)*12*2*9+data%
� MOV 2, #3
� ADD 3, 1, #12*9
�2 .loop1% ;now plot sprite
�. �plotfrag(pass%) ;plot 1st row
�D ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-12 ;move screen ptr to start next row
� �plotfrag(pass%)
� ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-12
�. �plotfrag(pass%) ;plot 3rd row
� ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-12
� SUBS 2, 2, #1
�D BNE loop1% ;repeat above 3 times to do all 9 rows
�D ADR 11, aplotregs% ;plot completed - return to caller
8 LDMIA 11, {12,13,PC} ;preserving r12 & r13.
:
/ .acollregs% EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0
6 EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0
(4 .movencheck% ;move then collision check our
22 ;ball sprite at coords r0,r1
<F ;where 0,0 is top left & 287,199 is bottom right
F@ ;NB sprite MUST lie entirely within screen
P ADR 11, acollregs%
Z ADD 0, 0, 2
d ADD 1, 1, 3
n STMIA 11, {0-5,12,13,14}
x MOV 0, 0, ASR #8
� MOV 1, 1, ASR #8
�B � 2, 0, #3 ;calc which of 4 sprite alignments
�E ADD 3, 2, 2, ASL #1 ;we need via (xAND3)*12*2*9 + data%
� ADD 3, 3, 3, ASL #3
�< BIC 0, 0, #3 ;round x down to mult of 3
� ADD 1, 1, 1, ASL #3
� LDR 2, amiddata%
�" ADD 2, 2, 1, ASL #lhpix%
�E ADD 0, 2, 0 ;calc (back mask ptr + hpix%*y + x)
� LDR 1, adata%
� RSB 2, 5, 5, ASL #5
� SUB 2, 2, 5, ASL #2
�B ADD 1, 1, 2, ASL #5 ;add in to data ptr 864*balltype
D ADD 1, 1, 3, ASL #3 ;finally calc (xAND3)*12*2*9+data%
ADD 1, 1, #12*9
C ADR 2, colladdrbuf% ;store back and sprite data addrs
"D STMIA 2, {0,1} ;corresponding to top left of ball
, MOV 2, #3
63 .collloop1% ;now check sprite
@D �collfrag(pass%) ;check 1st row (if coll B gotcoll%)
JB ADD 0, 0, #hpix%-12 ;move back ptr to start next row
T �collfrag(pass%)
^ ADD 0, 0, #hpix%-12
h/ �collfrag(pass%) ;check 4th row
r ADD 0, 0, #hpix%-12
| SUBS 2, 2, #1
�D BNE collloop1% ;repeat above 3 times to do all 9 rows
� ADR 11, acollregs%
� LDMIA 11, {0-5,12,13,14}
�= ADD 3, 3, #8 ; accelerate ball downwards
� MOV 4, #0
� MOV PC, 14
�% .colladdrbuf% EQUD 0:EQUD 0
� .gotcoll%
� ADR 11, acollregs%
� LDMIA 11, {0-3}
�C SUB 0, 0, 2 ;reset position, moving it out of
�, SUB 1, 1, 3 ;collision
� STMIA 11, {0,1}
9 MOV 6, #0 ;in my lin reg notes, n
9 MOV 7, #0 ; u
9 MOV 8, #0 ; v
&9 MOV 9, #0 ; p
09 MOV 10, #0 ; q
: ADR 2, colladdrbuf%
DC LDMIA 2, {0,1} ;recall screen/data addrs for top
N1 MOV 3, #0 ;row 0 ;left of sprite
X .statloop1%
b MOV 2, #0 ;col 0
l .statloop2%
vF LDR 4, [0], #4 ;rescan each pixel in collision area
�F LDR 5, [1], #4 ;and for each collided pixel add its
�D � 4, 4, 5 ;coords (relative to topleft sprite)
�@ �statfrag(pass%, 255) ;onto the regression statistics
� ADD 2, 2, #1
� �statfrag(pass%, 255<<8)
� ADD 2, 2, #1
� �statfrag(pass%, 255<<16)
� ADD 2, 2, #1
� �statfrag(pass%, 255<<24)
� ADD 2, 2, #1
� CMP 2, #12
� BLT statloop2%
� ADD 0, 0, #hpix%-12
ADD 3, 3, #1
CMP 3, #9
? BLT statloop1% ;when done, n, u & v computed
MUL 9, 6, 9
* ADD 5, 7, 8
4 SUB 14, 7, 8
>- MLA 9, 5, 14, 9 ;p computed
H MUL 10, 6, 10
R MUL 14, 7, 8
\ SUB 10, 10, 14
f- ADD 10, 10, 10 ;q computed
p MOVS 6, 9
z- RSBMI 6, 6, #0 ;ap = abs p
� MOVS 7, 10
�- RSBMI 7, 7, #0 ;aq = abs q
� CMP 6, 7
� MOV 8, 6
�3 MOVLT 8, 7 ; m = max {ap,aq}
�? CMP 8, #0 ;if have degenerate collision
�E BEQ patch1% ;(eg with single pixel), can't calc
�E .statloop3% ;a linear regression, so go patch1%
�D CMP 8, #1<<12 ;which simply reverses velocities!
� MOVGE 8, 8, ASR #1
�F MOVGE 6, 6, ASR #1 ;proportionately reduce ap and aq in
�F MOVGE 7, 7, ASR #1 ;magnitude, until in necessary range
� BGE statloop3%
4 MUL 11, 6, 6 ;ap^2 in low range
4 MUL 12, 7, 7 ;aq^2 in low range
4 ADD 13, 11, 12 ;divisor ap^2+aq^2
$ MOV 0, 11, ASL #8
.A �div(pass%, 0, 13, 11, 1) ;t in r11 = 256ap^2/(ap^2+aq^2)
8 MOV 0, 12, ASL #8
BA �div(pass%, 0, 13, 12, 1) ;tb in r12 = 256aq^2/(ap^2+aq^2)
L LDR 13, asqrt%
V0 LDR 7, [13, 11, LSL #2] ;square root t
`< LDR 8, [13, 12, LSL #2] ;and tb, via look-up-table
j CMP 9, #0
t1 RSBLT 7, 7, #0 ;final t in r7
~ CMP 10, #0
�1 RSBPL 8, 8, #0 ;final tb in r8
� ADR 11, acollregs%
� LDMIA 11, {0-5,12,13,14}
�9 MUL 11, 7, 2 ;now modify velocity by
�7 MLA 11, 8, 3, 11 ;reflecting it in the
�? RSB 11, 11, #0 ;line generated by the linear
�9 MUL 6, 7, 3 ;regression calculation
�C MUL 9, 8, 2 ;(which we use to approximate the
�E SUB 6, 6, 9 ; tangent at the collision surface)
� RSB 11, 11, 11, ASL #8
�E RSB 6, 6, 6, ASL #8 ;& then attenuate by factor 255/256
�A MOV 2, 11, ASR #16 ;(simulate energy loss on coll)
MOV 3, 6, ASR #16
D ADD 4, 4, #1 ;track how many consecutive frames
@ : ;this ball has been stuck in a
E CMP 4,#2 ;collision and if 2 or more, try to
(9 BLT movencheck% ;escape it via a bodge:
22 .bodge1% ;bodge begin ...
< ADR 7, seed%
F LDMIA 7, {6, 11}
P@ MOVS 11, 11, LSR #1 ;generate random 32-bit number
Z MOVS 8, 6, RRX
d ADC 11, 11, 11
n � 8, 8, 6, LSL #12
x � 6, 8, 8, LSR #20
� STMIA 7, {6, 11}
�7 LDR 7, asincos% ;when balls get stuck
�@ � 6, 6, #255 ;due to conflict between correct
�A ADD 7, 7, 6, ASL #3 ;reflection & small velocity or
�> LDMIA 7, {6, 11} ;jagged overlap problems ...
� MUL 7, 2, 6
�C MLA 7, 3, 11, 7 ;try a 'fix' - rotate velocity by
�@ MUL 8, 2, 11 ;a random angle, so eventually
�A MUL 9, 3, 6 ;should pick some velocity that
�F SUB 8, 8, 9 ;extricates ball from stuck position
� MOV 2, 7, ASR #8
�0 MOV 3, 8, ASR #8 ;... bodge end
� CMP 4, #16
BLT movencheck%
MOV PC, 14
:
"$ .asincos% EQUD sincos%
, .seed% EQUD -1:EQUD -1
6F .patch1% ;a patch to deal with collision case
@D ADR 11, acollregs% ;where no linear regression exists
JD LDMIA 11, {0-5,12,13,14} ;(eg where collision involves only
T. SUB 2, 2, 2, ASL #8 ; one pixel)
^= SUB 3, 3, 3, ASL #8 ;- simply reverse velocity!
h MOV 2, 2, ASR #8
rF MOV 3, 3, ASR #8 ;nb also attenuate by factor 255/256
|A ADD 4, 4, #1 ;(simulate energy loss on coll)
� CMP 4,#2
� BLT movencheck%
�F B bodge1% ;if been stuck in collision for >= 2
�F : ;frames go and apply bodged 'escape'
� .asqrt% EQUD sqrt%
� .alrcls% EQUD 0
� .aspcls% EQUD 0
�D .copyback% ;simple routine to clear screen to
�F STR 14, alrcls% ;background as rapidly as possible -
�A STR 13, aspcls% ;note the heavy use of LDM/STM.
� LDR 0, ascrst%
� LDR 1, abackdata%
� MOV 2, #200
.clsloop%
LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
STMIA 0!, {3-14}
& LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
0 STMIA 0!, {3-14}
: LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
D STMIA 0!, {3-14}
N LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
X STMIA 0!, {3-14}
b LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
l STMIA 0!, {3-14}
v LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
� STMIA 0!, {3-14}
� ]
�
� VGA% �
� [OPT pass%
� ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-hpix%
� ]
� �
� [OPT pass%
� SUBS 2, 2, #1
� BNE clsloop%
� LDR 13, aspcls%
� LDR PC, alrcls%
� ]
�
�
:
<� �plotfrag(pass%) :� macro to plot a row (12 pixels)
*-[OPT pass% :� of our sprite
4ELDMIA 0, {4-6} ;read 3 words of screen (12 pixels)
>8LDMIA 1!, {7-9} ;read 12 sprite pixels
H-LDMIA 3!, {10-12} ;& 12 masks
R@BIC 4, 4, 10 ;apply mask to screen, zeroing
\?BIC 5, 5, 11 ; those bits where will write
f<BIC 6, 6, 12 ; sprite image in a moment
p;�R 4, 4, 7 ;write in the sprite image
z�R 5, 5, 8
��R 6, 6, 9
�BSTMIA 0!, {4-6} ;restore the data back to screen
�]
�
=pass%
�:
�6� �collfrag(pass%) :� macro to coll check a row
�9[OPT pass% :� (12 pixels) of our sprite
�ELDMIA 0!, {3-5} ;read 3 words of screen (12 pixels)
�=LDMIA 1!, {8-10} ;read 12 sprite pixel masks
�TST 3, 8
�TSTEQ 4, 9
�TSTEQ 5, 10
�DBNE gotcoll% ;branch to gotcoll% if any overlap
D] :� else continue with code after macro
=pass%
:
$=� �statfrag(pass%, m%):� macro to add in regression stats
.@[OPT pass% :� for one pixel (coords u(i),v(i))
8TST 4, #m%
BBEQ P%+8*4
L-ADDNE 6, 6, #1 ; n = n + 1
V0ADDNE 7, 7, 2 ; u = u + u(i)
`0ADDNE 8, 8, 3 ; v = v + v(i)
jADDNE 5, 2, 3
tSUBNE 14, 3, 2
~9MLANE 9, 5, 14, 9 ; p = p + v(i)^2-u(i)^2
�5MLANE 10, 2, 3, 10 ; q = q + u(i)*v(i)
�]
�
=pass%
�:
�<� �div(pass%, ra, rb, rc, rd) :� macro to set rc=raDIVrb
�[OPT pass%
�MOV rd, rb
� CMP rd, ra, LSR #1
� MOVLS rd, rd, LSL #1
� CMP rd, ra, LSR #1
�BLS P%-2*4
�MOV rc, #0
CMP ra, rd
SUBCS ra, ra, rd
ADC rc, rc, rc
MOV rd, rd, LSR #1
(CMP rd, rb
2BHS P%-5*4
<]
F
=pass%
� 00000000 0d 00 0a 0c f4 20 3e 42 61 6c 6c 73 0d 00 14 05 |..... >Balls....|
00000010 f4 0d 00 1e 05 3a 0d 00 28 3d f4 20 4e 42 20 70 |.....:..(=. NB p|
00000020 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 70 72 6f 64 |rogram will prod|
00000030 75 63 65 20 61 20 62 65 65 70 20 69 66 20 61 6e |uce a beep if an|
00000040 69 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 73 70 65 65 64 20 66 61 |imation speed fa|
00000050 6c 6c 73 0d 00 32 20 f4 20 62 65 6c 6f 77 20 74 |lls..2 . below t|
00000060 68 65 20 74 61 72 67 65 74 20 66 70 73 20 72 61 |he target fps ra|
00000070 74 65 2e 0d 00 3c 13 74 61 72 67 65 74 66 70 73 |te...<.targetfps|
00000080 25 20 3d 20 35 30 0d 00 46 41 e7 20 31 30 30 83 |% = 50..FA. 100.|
00000090 74 61 72 67 65 74 66 70 73 25 3c 3e 30 20 85 20 |targetfps%<>0 . |
000000a0 31 2c 20 22 52 65 71 75 69 72 65 20 74 61 72 67 |1, "Require targ|
000000b0 65 74 66 70 73 20 64 69 76 69 64 65 73 20 69 6e |etfps divides in|
000000c0 74 6f 20 31 30 30 22 0d 00 50 05 3a 0d 00 5a 1e |to 100"..P.:..Z.|
000000d0 c8 99 20 26 32 30 32 38 30 2c 20 30 2c 20 2d 31 |.. &20280, 0, -1|
000000e0 20 b8 20 3b 66 6c 61 67 73 25 0d 00 64 24 e7 20 | . ;flags%..d$. |
000000f0 66 6c 61 67 73 25 20 80 20 31 20 8c 20 61 72 6d |flags% . 1 . arm|
00000100 33 25 3d a3 20 8b 20 61 72 6d 33 25 3d b9 0d 00 |3%=. . arm3%=...|
00000110 6e 05 3a 0d 00 78 32 ee 20 85 20 c8 99 20 36 2c |n.:..x2. . .. 6,|
00000120 31 31 32 2c 31 3a c8 99 20 36 2c 31 31 33 2c 31 |112,1:.. 6,113,1|
00000130 3a f1 20 f6 24 3b 22 20 61 74 20 6c 69 6e 65 20 |:. .$;" at line |
00000140 22 3b 9e 3a e0 0d 00 82 0e 44 25 20 3d 20 b3 28 |";.:.....D% = .(|
00000150 2d 91 29 0d 00 8c 05 3a 0d 00 96 05 db 0d 00 a0 |-.)....:........|
00000160 30 f1 20 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |0. " |
00000170 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 42 20 41 20 4c 20 4c 20 | B A L L |
00000180 53 20 20 20 44 20 45 20 4d 20 4f 22 27 0d 00 aa |S D E M O"'...|
00000190 5c f1 20 22 8f 20 50 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 77 69 |\. ". Program wi|
000001a0 6c 6c 20 62 65 65 70 20 69 66 20 61 6e 69 6d 61 |ll beep if anima|
000001b0 74 69 6f 6e 20 73 70 65 65 64 20 66 61 6c 6c 73 |tion speed falls|
000001c0 20 62 65 6c 6f 77 20 74 68 65 20 74 61 72 67 65 | below the targe|
000001d0 74 20 6f 66 20 22 3b 74 61 72 67 65 74 66 70 73 |t of ";targetfps|
000001e0 25 3b 22 20 66 70 73 2e 22 0d 00 b4 3e f1 20 22 |%;" fps."...>. "|
000001f0 8f 20 50 72 65 73 73 69 6e 67 20 61 6e 79 20 6b |. Pressing any k|
00000200 65 79 20 64 75 72 69 6e 67 20 64 65 6d 6f 20 77 |ey during demo w|
00000210 69 6c 6c 20 61 64 64 20 6f 6e 65 20 6d 6f 72 65 |ill add one more|
00000220 20 62 61 6c 6c 2e 22 0d 00 be 27 f1 20 22 8f 20 | ball."...'. ". |
00000230 50 72 65 73 73 20 45 73 63 61 70 65 20 74 6f 20 |Press Escape to |
00000240 65 6e 64 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 2e 22 27 0d 00 |end program."'..|
00000250 c8 39 e8 20 22 50 6c 65 61 73 65 20 69 6e 70 75 |.9. "Please inpu|
00000260 74 20 53 74 61 6e 64 61 72 64 20 28 30 29 20 6f |t Standard (0) o|
00000270 72 20 56 47 41 20 28 31 29 20 64 69 73 70 6c 61 |r VGA (1) displa|
00000280 79 22 3b 56 47 41 25 0d 00 d2 14 e7 20 56 47 41 |y";VGA%..... VGA|
00000290 25 3c 3e 31 20 56 47 41 25 3d 30 0d 00 dc 05 3a |%<>1 VGA%=0....:|
000002a0 0d 00 e6 0d 68 70 69 78 25 3d 32 38 38 0d 00 f0 |....hpix%=288...|
000002b0 0d 76 70 69 78 25 3d 32 30 30 0d 00 fa 0c e7 20 |.vpix%=200..... |
000002c0 56 47 41 25 20 8c 0d 01 04 0d 20 6d 6f 64 65 25 |VGA% ..... mode%|
000002d0 3d 39 39 0d 01 0e 0f 20 61 76 70 69 78 25 3d 34 |=99.... avpix%=4|
000002e0 30 30 0d 01 18 12 20 68 61 64 64 25 3d 68 70 69 |00.... hadd%=hpi|
000002f0 78 25 2a 32 0d 01 22 0d 20 6c 68 61 64 64 25 3d |x%*2..". lhadd%=|
00000300 36 0d 01 2c 0d 20 6c 68 70 69 78 25 3d 35 0d 01 |6..,. lhpix%=5..|
00000310 36 05 cc 0d 01 40 0d 20 6d 6f 64 65 25 3d 39 38 |6....@. mode%=98|
00000320 0d 01 4a 0f 20 61 76 70 69 78 25 3d 32 30 30 0d |..J. avpix%=200.|
00000330 01 54 10 20 68 61 64 64 25 3d 68 70 69 78 25 0d |.T. hadd%=hpix%.|
00000340 01 5e 0d 20 6c 68 61 64 64 25 3d 35 0d 01 68 0d |.^. lhadd%=5..h.|
00000350 20 6c 68 70 69 78 25 3d 35 0d 01 72 05 cd 0d 01 | lhpix%=5..r....|
00000360 7c 05 3a 0d 01 86 15 de 20 62 61 6c 6c 64 61 74 ||.:..... balldat|
00000370 61 25 20 38 36 34 2a 33 0d 01 90 46 c8 99 20 22 |a% 864*3...F.. "|
00000380 4f 53 5f 46 69 6c 65 22 2c 20 32 35 35 2c 20 22 |OS_File", 255, "|
00000390 3c 42 61 6c 6c 73 24 44 69 72 3e 2e 52 65 73 6f |<Balls$Dir>.Reso|
000003a0 75 72 63 65 73 2e 42 61 6c 6c 72 44 61 74 61 22 |urces.BallrData"|
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00002150 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b | ;|
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00002210 41 44 44 20 20 20 20 20 20 30 2c 20 30 2c 20 23 |ADD 0, 0, #|
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00002230 6c 6c 66 72 61 67 28 70 61 73 73 25 29 20 20 20 |llfrag(pass%) |
00002240 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 63 68 65 63 6b 20 | ;check |
00002250 34 74 68 20 72 6f 77 0d 0b 72 1d 20 41 44 44 20 |4th row..r. ADD |
00002260 20 20 20 20 20 30 2c 20 30 2c 20 23 68 70 69 78 | 0, 0, #hpix|
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00002320 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 20 61 63 | ; ac|
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000024b0 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | |
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000024e0 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | |
*
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00002870 20 20 20 20 33 2c 20 23 39 0d 0d 16 3f 20 42 4c | 3, #9...? BL|
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000028c0 20 20 20 20 20 20 39 2c 20 36 2c 20 39 0d 0d 2a | 9, 6, 9..*|
000028d0 15 20 41 44 44 20 20 20 20 20 20 35 2c 20 37 2c |. ADD 5, 7,|
000028e0 20 38 0d 0d 34 16 20 53 55 42 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 8..4. SUB |
000028f0 31 34 2c 20 37 2c 20 38 0d 0d 3e 2d 20 4d 4c 41 |14, 7, 8..>- MLA|
00002900 20 20 20 20 20 20 39 2c 20 35 2c 20 31 34 2c 20 | 9, 5, 14, |
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00002930 20 20 20 31 30 2c 20 36 2c 20 31 30 0d 0d 52 16 | 10, 6, 10..R.|
00002940 20 4d 55 4c 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 34 2c 20 37 2c | MUL 14, 7,|
00002950 20 38 0d 0d 5c 18 20 53 55 42 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 8..\. SUB |
00002960 31 30 2c 20 31 30 2c 20 31 34 0d 0d 66 2d 20 41 |10, 10, 14..f- A|
00002970 44 44 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 30 2c 20 31 30 2c 20 |DD 10, 10, |
00002980 31 30 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 71 20 63 |10 ;q c|
00002990 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 64 0d 0d 70 12 20 4d 4f 56 53 |omputed..p. MOVS|
000029a0 20 20 20 20 20 36 2c 20 39 0d 0d 7a 2d 20 52 53 | 6, 9..z- RS|
000029b0 42 4d 49 20 20 20 20 36 2c 20 36 2c 20 23 30 20 |BMI 6, 6, #0 |
000029c0 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 61 70 20 3d | ;ap =|
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000029e0 20 20 20 20 37 2c 20 31 30 0d 0d 8e 2d 20 52 53 | 7, 10...- RS|
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00002a30 20 20 20 20 20 20 38 2c 20 36 0d 0d ac 33 20 4d | 8, 6...3 M|
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00002a50 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 20 6d 20 | ; m |
00002a60 3d 20 6d 61 78 20 7b 61 70 2c 61 71 7d 0d 0d b6 |= max {ap,aq}...|
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00002a80 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b | ;|
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00002ab0 20 42 45 51 20 20 20 20 20 20 70 61 74 63 68 31 | BEQ patch1|
00002ac0 25 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 28 |% ;(|
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00002ae0 69 78 65 6c 29 2c 20 63 61 6e 27 74 20 63 61 6c |ixel), can't cal|
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00002b40 20 20 20 20 38 2c 20 23 31 3c 3c 31 32 20 20 20 | 8, #1<<12 |
00002b50 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 77 68 69 63 68 20 73 | ;which s|
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00002bb0 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 70 72 6f 70 6f 72 74 69 6f | ;proportio|
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00002bd0 20 61 6e 64 20 61 71 20 69 6e 0d 0d f2 46 20 4d | and aq in...F M|
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00002bf0 52 20 23 31 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 6d 61 67 |R #1 ;mag|
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00002c20 0d 0d fc 18 20 42 47 45 20 20 20 20 20 20 73 74 |.... BGE st|
00002c30 61 74 6c 6f 6f 70 33 25 0d 0e 06 34 20 4d 55 4c |atloop3%...4 MUL|
00002c40 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 31 2c 20 36 2c 20 36 20 20 | 11, 6, 6 |
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00002c70 20 4d 55 4c 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 32 2c 20 37 2c | MUL 12, 7,|
00002c80 20 37 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 61 | 7 ;a|
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00002ca0 0d 0e 1a 34 20 41 44 44 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 33 |...4 ADD 13|
00002cb0 2c 20 31 31 2c 20 31 32 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |, 11, 12 |
00002cc0 20 20 3b 64 69 76 69 73 6f 72 20 61 70 5e 32 2b | ;divisor ap^2+|
00002cd0 61 71 5e 32 0d 0e 24 1b 20 4d 4f 56 20 20 20 20 |aq^2..$. MOV |
00002ce0 20 20 30 2c 20 31 31 2c 20 41 53 4c 20 23 38 0d | 0, 11, ASL #8.|
00002cf0 0e 2e 41 20 a4 64 69 76 28 70 61 73 73 25 2c 20 |..A .div(pass%, |
00002d00 30 2c 20 31 33 2c 20 31 31 2c 20 31 29 20 20 20 |0, 13, 11, 1) |
00002d10 3b 74 20 20 69 6e 20 72 31 31 20 3d 20 32 35 36 |;t in r11 = 256|
00002d20 61 70 5e 32 2f 28 61 70 5e 32 2b 61 71 5e 32 29 |ap^2/(ap^2+aq^2)|
00002d30 0d 0e 38 1b 20 4d 4f 56 20 20 20 20 20 20 30 2c |..8. MOV 0,|
00002d40 20 31 32 2c 20 41 53 4c 20 23 38 0d 0e 42 41 20 | 12, ASL #8..BA |
00002d50 a4 64 69 76 28 70 61 73 73 25 2c 20 30 2c 20 31 |.div(pass%, 0, 1|
00002d60 33 2c 20 31 32 2c 20 31 29 20 20 20 3b 74 62 20 |3, 12, 1) ;tb |
00002d70 69 6e 20 72 31 32 20 3d 20 32 35 36 61 71 5e 32 |in r12 = 256aq^2|
00002d80 2f 28 61 70 5e 32 2b 61 71 5e 32 29 0d 0e 4c 18 |/(ap^2+aq^2)..L.|
00002d90 20 4c 44 52 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 33 2c 20 61 73 | LDR 13, as|
00002da0 71 72 74 25 0d 0e 56 30 20 4c 44 52 20 20 20 20 |qrt%..V0 LDR |
00002db0 20 20 37 2c 20 5b 31 33 2c 20 31 31 2c 20 4c 53 | 7, [13, 11, LS|
00002dc0 4c 20 23 32 5d 20 3b 73 71 75 61 72 65 20 72 6f |L #2] ;square ro|
00002dd0 6f 74 20 74 0d 0e 60 3c 20 4c 44 52 20 20 20 20 |ot t..`< LDR |
00002de0 20 20 38 2c 20 5b 31 33 2c 20 31 32 2c 20 4c 53 | 8, [13, 12, LS|
00002df0 4c 20 23 32 5d 20 3b 61 6e 64 20 74 62 2c 20 76 |L #2] ;and tb, v|
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00002e20 20 23 30 0d 0e 74 31 20 52 53 42 4c 54 20 20 20 | #0..t1 RSBLT |
00002e30 20 37 2c 20 37 2c 20 23 30 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 7, 7, #0 |
00002e40 20 20 20 20 20 3b 66 69 6e 61 6c 20 74 20 20 69 | ;final t i|
00002e50 6e 20 72 37 0d 0e 7e 14 20 43 4d 50 20 20 20 20 |n r7..~. CMP |
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00002e70 50 4c 20 20 20 20 38 2c 20 38 2c 20 23 30 20 20 |PL 8, 8, #0 |
00002e80 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 66 69 6e 61 6c | ;final|
00002e90 20 74 62 20 69 6e 20 72 38 0d 0e 92 1c 20 41 44 | tb in r8.... AD|
00002ea0 52 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 31 2c 20 61 63 6f 6c 6c |R 11, acoll|
00002eb0 72 65 67 73 25 0d 0e 9c 20 20 4c 44 4d 49 41 20 |regs%... LDMIA |
00002ec0 20 20 20 31 31 2c 20 7b 30 2d 35 2c 31 32 2c 31 | 11, {0-5,12,1|
00002ed0 33 2c 31 34 7d 0d 0e a6 39 20 4d 55 4c 20 20 20 |3,14}...9 MUL |
00002ee0 20 20 20 31 31 2c 20 37 2c 20 32 20 20 20 20 20 | 11, 7, 2 |
00002ef0 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 6e 6f 77 20 6d 6f 64 69 | ;now modi|
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00002f10 b0 37 20 4d 4c 41 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 31 2c 20 |.7 MLA 11, |
00002f20 38 2c 20 33 2c 20 31 31 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |8, 3, 11 |
00002f30 3b 72 65 66 6c 65 63 74 69 6e 67 20 69 74 20 69 |;reflecting it i|
00002f40 6e 20 74 68 65 0d 0e ba 3f 20 52 53 42 20 20 20 |n the...? RSB |
00002f50 20 20 20 31 31 2c 20 31 31 2c 20 23 30 20 20 20 | 11, 11, #0 |
00002f60 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 6c 69 6e 65 20 67 65 6e | ;line gen|
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00002f90 20 20 36 2c 20 37 2c 20 33 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 6, 7, 3 |
00002fa0 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 72 65 67 72 65 73 73 69 6f | ;regressio|
00002fb0 6e 20 63 61 6c 63 75 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0e ce |n calculation...|
00002fc0 43 20 4d 55 4c 20 20 20 20 20 20 39 2c 20 38 2c |C MUL 9, 8,|
00002fd0 20 32 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b | 2 ;|
00002fe0 28 77 68 69 63 68 20 77 65 20 75 73 65 20 74 6f |(which we use to|
00002ff0 20 61 70 70 72 6f 78 69 6d 61 74 65 20 74 68 65 | approximate the|
00003000 0d 0e d8 45 20 53 55 42 20 20 20 20 20 20 36 2c |...E SUB 6,|
00003010 20 36 2c 20 39 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 6, 9 |
00003020 20 20 3b 20 74 61 6e 67 65 6e 74 20 61 74 20 74 | ; tangent at t|
00003030 68 65 20 63 6f 6c 6c 69 73 69 6f 6e 20 73 75 72 |he collision sur|
00003040 66 61 63 65 29 0d 0e e2 20 20 52 53 42 20 20 20 |face)... RSB |
00003050 20 20 20 31 31 2c 20 31 31 2c 20 31 31 2c 20 41 | 11, 11, 11, A|
00003060 53 4c 20 23 38 0d 0e ec 45 20 52 53 42 20 20 20 |SL #8...E RSB |
00003070 20 20 20 36 2c 20 36 2c 20 36 2c 20 41 53 4c 20 | 6, 6, 6, ASL |
00003080 23 38 20 20 20 20 20 3b 26 20 74 68 65 6e 20 61 |#8 ;& then a|
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000030a0 6f 72 20 32 35 35 2f 32 35 36 0d 0e f6 41 20 4d |or 255/256...A M|
000030b0 4f 56 20 20 20 20 20 20 32 2c 20 31 31 2c 20 41 |OV 2, 11, A|
000030c0 53 52 20 23 31 36 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 28 73 69 |SR #16 ;(si|
000030d0 6d 75 6c 61 74 65 20 65 6e 65 72 67 79 20 6c 6f |mulate energy lo|
000030e0 73 73 20 6f 6e 20 63 6f 6c 6c 29 0d 0f 00 1b 20 |ss on coll).... |
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00003100 53 52 20 23 31 36 0d 0f 0a 44 20 41 44 44 20 20 |SR #16...D ADD |
00003110 20 20 20 20 34 2c 20 34 2c 20 23 31 20 20 20 20 | 4, 4, #1 |
00003120 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 74 72 61 63 6b 20 68 | ;track h|
00003130 6f 77 20 6d 61 6e 79 20 63 6f 6e 73 65 63 75 74 |ow many consecut|
00003140 69 76 65 20 66 72 61 6d 65 73 0d 0f 14 40 20 3a |ive frames...@ :|
00003150 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | |
00003160 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 74 68 69 | ;thi|
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00003190 4d 50 20 20 20 20 20 20 34 2c 23 32 20 20 20 20 |MP 4,#2 |
000031a0 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 63 6f 6c | ;col|
000031b0 6c 69 73 69 6f 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 69 66 20 32 20 |lision and if 2 |
000031c0 6f 72 20 6d 6f 72 65 2c 20 74 72 79 20 74 6f 0d |or more, try to.|
000031d0 0f 28 39 20 42 4c 54 20 20 20 20 20 20 6d 6f 76 |.(9 BLT mov|
000031e0 65 6e 63 68 65 63 6b 25 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |encheck% |
000031f0 20 3b 65 73 63 61 70 65 20 69 74 20 76 69 61 20 | ;escape it via |
00003200 61 20 62 6f 64 67 65 3a 0d 0f 32 32 20 2e 62 6f |a bodge:..22 .bo|
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00004190 7e 39 4d 4c 41 4e 45 20 20 20 20 20 39 2c 20 35 |~9MLANE 9, 5|
000041a0 2c 20 31 34 2c 20 39 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |, 14, 9 |
000041b0 3b 20 70 20 3d 20 70 20 2b 20 76 28 69 29 5e 32 |; p = p + v(i)^2|
000041c0 2d 75 28 69 29 5e 32 0d 13 88 35 4d 4c 41 4e 45 |-u(i)^2...5MLANE|
000041d0 20 20 20 20 20 31 30 2c 20 32 2c 20 33 2c 20 31 | 10, 2, 3, 1|
000041e0 30 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 20 71 20 3d 20 71 |0 ; q = q|
000041f0 20 2b 20 75 28 69 29 2a 76 28 69 29 0d 13 92 05 | + u(i)*v(i)....|
00004200 5d 0d 13 9c 0a 3d 70 61 73 73 25 0d 13 a6 05 3a |]....=pass%....:|
00004210 0d 13 b0 3c dd 20 a4 64 69 76 28 70 61 73 73 25 |...<. .div(pass%|
00004220 2c 20 72 61 2c 20 72 62 2c 20 72 63 2c 20 72 64 |, ra, rb, rc, rd|
00004230 29 20 3a f4 20 6d 61 63 72 6f 20 74 6f 20 73 65 |) :. macro to se|
00004240 74 20 72 63 3d 72 61 44 49 56 72 62 0d 13 ba 0e |t rc=raDIVrb....|
00004250 5b 4f 50 54 20 70 61 73 73 25 0d 13 c4 14 4d 4f |[OPT pass%....MO|
00004260 56 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 72 64 2c 20 72 62 0d 13 |V rd, rb..|
00004270 ce 1c 43 4d 50 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 72 64 2c 20 |..CMP rd, |
00004280 72 61 2c 20 4c 53 52 20 23 31 0d 13 d8 1c 4d 4f |ra, LSR #1....MO|
00004290 56 4c 53 20 20 20 20 20 72 64 2c 20 72 64 2c 20 |VLS rd, rd, |
000042a0 4c 53 4c 20 23 31 0d 13 e2 1c 43 4d 50 20 20 20 |LSL #1....CMP |
000042b0 20 20 20 20 72 64 2c 20 72 61 2c 20 4c 53 52 20 | rd, ra, LSR |
000042c0 23 31 0d 13 ec 14 42 4c 53 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |#1....BLS |
000042d0 50 25 2d 32 2a 34 0d 13 f6 14 4d 4f 56 20 20 20 |P%-2*4....MOV |
000042e0 20 20 20 20 72 63 2c 20 23 30 0d 14 00 14 43 4d | rc, #0....CM|
000042f0 50 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 72 61 2c 20 72 64 0d 14 |P ra, rd..|
00004300 0a 18 53 55 42 43 53 20 20 20 20 20 72 61 2c 20 |..SUBCS ra, |
00004310 72 61 2c 20 72 64 0d 14 14 18 41 44 43 20 20 20 |ra, rd....ADC |
00004320 20 20 20 20 72 63 2c 20 72 63 2c 20 72 63 0d 14 | rc, rc, rc..|
00004330 1e 1c 4d 4f 56 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 72 64 2c 20 |..MOV rd, |
00004340 72 64 2c 20 4c 53 52 20 23 31 0d 14 28 14 43 4d |rd, LSR #1..(.CM|
00004350 50 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 72 64 2c 20 72 62 0d 14 |P rd, rb..|
00004360 32 14 42 48 53 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 50 25 2d 35 |2.BHS P%-5|
00004370 2a 34 0d 14 3c 05 5d 0d 14 46 0a 3d 70 61 73 73 |*4..<.]..F.=pass|
00004380 25 0d ff |%..|
00004383 
.