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!AWSept94/Goodies/Ray3D/!Help+/Help_On/!RayShade
This website contains an archive of files for the Acorn Electron, BBC Micro, Acorn Archimedes, Commodore 16 and Commodore 64 computers, which Dominic Ford has rescued from his private collection of floppy disks and cassettes.
Some of these files were originally commercial releases in the 1980s and 1990s, but they are now widely available online. I assume that copyright over them is no longer being asserted. If you own the copyright and would like files to be removed, please contact me.
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| Filename: | !AWSept94/Goodies/Ray3D/!Help+/Help_On/!RayShade |
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| File size: | 328B bytes |
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File contents
@page:contents@!RayShade Contents
@Sprite:Wyvern@
_______________________________________________________
This Help file describes the use of !RayShade, a support application
for !Ray3d which will take a scene file and raytrace it using the
Public Domain raytracer, RayShade.
@goto:Intro: Introduction @ @goto:Copyright: Copyright @
@goto:tut: Tutorial @ @goto:Credits: Credits @
@goto:Using: Using !RayShade @
@goto:options: Raytracing options @
@end@
@Page:Intro@Introduction
@Colour:11@ Introduction
Originally, !Ray3d was written as one complete application, which
could raytrace your scenes on a number of different PD raytracers.
However, it soon became apparent that if I was to enable the program
to cater for an additional raytracer at a later date, I would need to
re-release a new version of !Ray3d.
This would have two problems:
* The size of the Ray3d application would continue to grow, and
ultimately become too large for base level machines.
* I would need to distribute the new version.
So I decided to break the program down into several applications,
namely the scene designer, and the raytracing applications of which
RayShade is one.
The advantages of this are:
* The size of the main !Ray3d application would remain fixed.
* New Raytracing applications could be released.
* Raytracing can now be done without !Ray3d being loaded. This
releases a substantial amount of memory for the raytracers, and
therefore allows bigger scenes to be raytraced.
@end@
@page:Copyright@Copyright
@colour:11@ Copyright
The !Rayshade application provides a front end for the raytracer
RayShade written by Craig Kolb. Both the front end, and the
raytracer are Public domain and may be freely distributed.
Specific Copyright information exists for each:
@goto:App_copyright: !RayShade (the front end) @
@goto:Tracer_Copyright: RayShade (the raytracer) @
@end@
@page:tracer_copyright@Copyright
@colour:11@ Copyright (C) 1989, Craig E. Kolb
This software may be freely copied, modified, and redistributed,
provided that this copyright notice is preserved on all copies.
There is no warranty or other guarantee of fitness for this
software, it is provided solely "as is". Bug reports or fixes
may be sent to the author, who may or may not act on them as he
desires.
You may not include this software in a program or other software
product without supplying the source, or without informing the
end-user that the source is available for no extra charge.
If you modify this software, you should include a notice giving
the name of the person performing the modification, the date of
modification, and the reason for such modification.
@end@
@Page:App_Copyright@Copyright
@colour:11@ !RayShade - Copyright 1994 Robert Taylor
!RayShade is a public domain application but it is copyright, so
please copy it freely but you must follow the conditions below.
o It may be copied freely as long as this is not done for a
profit or any sort of commercial gain or advantage and the
complete application is copied as a whole.
o The Author retains copyright at all times, and no part of the
application may be included in any other application without
the permission of the author.
o This application is supplied "as is", and the author cannot be
held responsible for loss or damages that arise from the use,
mis-use or lack of use of this program.
@end@
@page:credits@Credits
@colour:11@About the Authors
!RayShade (the Front end) was fully designed and coded exclusively
for Wyvern Software by:
Robert Taylor
5 Mayfield Grove
Skegness
Lincolnshire
PE25 3RY
RayShade (the Raytracer) is freely available from many public domain
libraries and was written by:
Craig E. Kolb
Yale University
Dept. of Mathematics
P.O. Box 2155
Yale Station
New Haven,
CT 06520-2155
@sprite:b_at@ yale.edu
@colour:11@Credits
I would like to thank Robert Garfoot, who suggested breaking !Ray3d
down into several applications, and for continually testing many of
my applications.
Robert Taylor.
@end@
@page:using@Using !RayShade
@colour:11@ Using !RayShade
To raytrace a scene using this application simply drop a scene file
which has been created with !Ray3d, onto the !RayShade icon on the
icon bar.
A normal RISC OS save window will appear which allows you to specify
where to save the raytraced image. As soon as this save has been done,
raytracing will commence. Please note that raytracing can take a very
long time (hours even).
If you try to save the raytrace over an existing file, a requestor will
appear allowing you to Cancel the operation, Overwrite the existing file
or Append the data to the existing file. Append should be used if you
are continuing a previously aborted raytrace.
Many @goto:options:raytracing options@ may be set up from the menu, which is
accessible from the !RayShade icon on the icon bar.
@end@
@Page:size@Image Size
@colour:11@ Image size
Moving across this option from the menu will present you with a
window where you can select the size of the image to be raytraced.
At the top of the window, the screen size is given in pixels.
These values can be altered by clicking on them and entering a new
value.
Underneath, these are a list of sizes which relate to the screen
size. If full size is selected, the image will be raytraced with
the same number of pixels as the screen size.
Any of the other sizes may be selected.
For example: If the screen size is 640 x 256, and the user has
selected a 1/4 size image, then the resulting image
will be 320 x 128 pixels - a quarter of the screen
size.
@end@
@Page:status@Status
@Colour:11@ Status
This option determines whether Rayshade should produce a status report
after completing each line of the raytrace.
The use of this option means that a raytrace can be aborted, and then
continued at a later date by starting the raytrace from the next line.
@end@
@Page:fov@Field of View
@Colour:11@ Field of View
This controls how much of an angle will be between the left and
right sides of the image. setting this to 360� would mean that
you could see in a full circle.
@end@
@Page:shadows@Shadows
@Colour:11@ Shadows
Controls whether or not RayShade will put shadows on the image.
@end@
@Page:ambience@Ambience Lighting
@Colour:11@ Ambience Lighting
This controls the amount of background lighting there is. Higher
values mean the whole scene is lighter.
@end@
@Page:cutoff@Ray cutoff threshold
@Colour:11@ Ray cutoff Threshold
Controls how many reflections will occur if two mirrors were
facing each other. Leave this at 1 for a quick raytrace, but
for better quality, a value of .001 should suffice.
Values greater than approx .001 will result in no transparent
objects being rendered properly.
@end@
@Page:depth@Depth of Field
@Colour:11@ Depth of Field
This option allows you to set the depth of field for the scene
to be raytraced. The depth of field controls the amount of focus
blur which is present in the final image. Objects close to the
observer appear in sharp focus, while those further away appear
blurred.
A value of 0 results in a pinhole camera, where no blur will take
place in the scene. Values greater than 0 result in a greeater
amount of blurring to take place.
@end@
@Page:Grid@Raytracing Grid
@Colour:11@ Raytracing Grid
This option determines whether a grid will be used by RayShade for
raytracing. A grid will speed up a raytrace for a complex scene,
but also takes more memory. If you get an 'out of memory' error,
turn this option off.
@end@
@Page:AA@Anti-Aliasing
@Colour:11@ Anti-Aliasing
Setting this option to anything above 0 will cause anti-aliasing
to occur. This improves the quality of the image, but slows down
the raytracing. A maximum value to use is around 4.
@end@
@Page:line@Begin raytracing on line...
@Colour:11@ Begin raytrace on line...
This option allows you start a raytrace from a particular line.
The advantage of this is that a raytrace can be aborted halfway
through, and then continued at a later date by using this option.
To do this, note down the last line raytraced when you abort it.
When continuing the raytrace turn on this option starting at the
line one less than the one you noted down.
@end@
@page:options@Raytracing Options
@colour:11@ Raytracing Options
@goto:size: Image Size @ @goto:status: Status Reports @
@goto:fov: Field of View @ @goto:Shadows: Shadows @
@goto:ambience: Ambience Lighting @ @goto:cutoff: Ray cutoff threshold @
@goto:depth: Depth of Field @ @goto:Grid: Grid for raytracing @
@goto:AA: Anti-Aliasing @ @goto:Line: Begin raytracing on line @
@end@
@page:tut@Tutorial
@colour:11@ Tutorial
So, you've just spent ages designing a scene using !Ray3d and you want
to raytrace it - but you don't know how to.
@colour:08@ Step 1
The easiest way to raytrace a scene is to simply drag the Ray3d scene
file from the disc onto the !Rayshade icon on the icon bar.
A normal RISC OS save box will appear, and you should save the file
back to the disc. (make sure you have plenty of free disc space as
these pictures can be VERY big.)
Raytracing will now begin, but it can take a long time so be patient.
When it has finished and the hourglass pointer has disappeared, load
!MTV-Spr and drag the picture file to it's icon on the icon bar and
save the sprite file to disc.
Alternatively, if you have !Translator, use this instead of !MTV-Spr
as it gives better results.
@colour:08@ Step 2
OK, you want to raytrace a bigger picture, or turn shadows on, etc.
Click the MENU button over the icon on the icon bar, and you will
see a menu with the following options. Click on the relevant topic
to see how to alter the defaults.
@goto:info: Info � @
@goto:size: Image size � @
@goto:options: options � @
@goto:quit: Quit @
When you have altered the options you require, follow the same
procedure as in Step 1.
@end@
@page:quit@Quit
@colour:11@Quit
Selecting this option will quit the !RayShade application.
@end@
@page:info@Info
@colour:11@Info
This displays information about the !RayShade application, such as the
version number and Author.
@end@
@page:glossary@Glossary
@colour:08@!Ray3d
!Ray3d is a scene designer which allows you to create a scene in
three dimensions, which can then be raytraced using !RayShade.
@colour:08@!MTV-Spr
This is an application which converts the MTV picture which is
produced by !Rayshade, into a sprite file so that it can be
viewed.
@colour:08@!Translator
This is an application which can convert pictures which are
stored in a different file format into sprite files. It is
Public Domain and achieves much better results than !MTV-Spr.
@colour:08@Raytracing
Raytracing is the technique used for generating realistic pictures
from a 3d scene. Each ray of light is traced from where it �hits�
the scene, back to the light source it came from. This process then
ensures that the scene generated is close to real life because it
follows the same physical laws.
@colour:08@Anti-aliasing
Anti-aliasing is a technique which tries to overcome the limits of
only having 256 colours, and make different shades of colours appear
to change gradually.
@colour:08@Depth of field
Depth of field is the term given to the way that objects in the
distance appear fuzzy and out of focus, while objects a specific
distance away appear clear.
@colour:08@Ambience light
Ambience light is the term given to the amount of background light
present in a raytraced picture.
If the value specified is too low then a scene will appear dark,
while s value which is too high will cause a washed out appearance.
@colour:08@Field of view
Field of View is the angle that your eyes can see. If you had a
field of view which was 360� then you would be able to see in a
full circle, including things that were behind you.
@end@
00000000 40 70 61 67 65 3a 63 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 73 40 21 |@page:contents@!| 00000010 52 61 79 53 68 61 64 65 20 43 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 |RayShade Content| 00000020 73 0a 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |s... | 00000030 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 0a | .| 00000040 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |. | 00000050 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 0a 20 20 20 | . | 00000060 20 40 53 70 72 69 74 65 3a 57 79 76 65 72 6e 40 | @Sprite:Wyvern@| 00000070 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | | 00000080 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f |. _________| 00000090 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f |________________| * 000000b0 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 0a 0a |______________..| 000000c0 20 20 20 54 68 69 73 20 48 65 6c 70 20 66 69 6c | This Help fil| 000000d0 65 20 64 65 73 63 72 69 62 65 73 20 74 68 65 20 |e describes the | 000000e0 75 73 65 20 6f 66 20 21 52 61 79 53 68 61 64 65 |use of !RayShade| 000000f0 2c 20 61 20 73 75 70 70 6f 72 74 20 61 70 70 6c |, a support appl| 00000100 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 0a 20 20 20 66 6f 72 20 21 |ication. for !| 00000110 52 61 79 33 64 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 77 69 6c 6c |Ray3d which will| 00000120 20 74 61 6b 65 20 61 20 73 63 65 6e 65 20 66 69 | take a scene fi| 00000130 6c 65 20 61 6e 64 20 72 61 79 74 72 61 63 65 20 |le and raytrace | 00000140 69 74 20 75 73 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 0a 20 20 20 |it using the. | 00000150 50 75 62 6c 69 63 20 44 6f 6d 61 69 6e 20 72 61 |Public Domain ra| 00000160 79 74 72 61 63 65 72 2c 20 52 61 79 53 68 61 64 |ytracer, RayShad| 00000170 65 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 40 67 6f 74 |e... @got| 00000180 6f 3a 49 6e 74 72 6f 3a 20 20 49 6e 74 72 6f 64 |o:Intro: Introd| 00000190 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |uction | 000001a0 20 40 20 20 20 20 20 40 67 6f 74 6f 3a 43 6f 70 | @ @goto:Cop| 000001b0 79 72 69 67 68 74 3a 20 20 43 6f 70 79 72 69 67 |yright: Copyrig| 000001c0 68 74 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ht | 000001d0 40 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 40 67 6f 74 6f 3a |@. @goto:| 000001e0 74 75 74 3a 20 20 54 75 74 6f 72 69 61 6c 20 20 |tut: Tutorial | 000001f0 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 40 20 20 | @ | 00000200 20 20 20 40 67 6f 74 6f 3a 43 72 65 64 69 74 73 | @goto:Credits| 00000210 3a 20 20 43 72 65 64 69 74 73 20 20 20 20 20 20 |: Credits | 00000220 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 40 0a 20 20 20 20 | @. | 00000230 20 20 20 20 40 67 6f 74 6f 3a 55 73 69 6e 67 3a | @goto:Using:| 00000240 20 20 55 73 69 6e 67 20 21 52 61 79 53 68 61 64 | Using !RayShad| 00000250 65 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 40 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |e @. | 00000260 20 20 20 40 67 6f 74 6f 3a 6f 70 74 69 6f 6e 73 | @goto:options| 00000270 3a 20 20 52 61 79 74 72 61 63 69 6e 67 20 6f 70 |: Raytracing op| 00000280 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 20 20 20 20 40 0a 20 20 20 20 |tions @. | 00000290 20 20 20 20 20 20 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | . | 000002a0 20 0a 0a 40 65 6e 64 40 0a 40 50 61 67 65 3a 49 | ..@end@.@Page:I| 000002b0 6e 74 72 6f 40 49 6e 74 72 6f 64 75 63 74 69 6f |ntro@Introductio| 000002c0 6e 0a 0a 40 43 6f 6c 6f 75 72 3a 31 31 40 20 20 |n..@Colour:11@ | 000002d0 20 49 6e 74 72 6f 64 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 0a 0a 20 | Introduction.. | 000002e0 20 20 4f 72 69 67 69 6e 61 6c 6c 79 2c 20 21 52 | Originally, !R| 000002f0 61 79 33 64 20 77 61 73 20 77 72 69 74 74 65 6e |ay3d was written| 00000300 20 61 73 20 6f 6e 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 6c 65 74 65 | as one complete| 00000310 20 61 70 70 6c 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 2c 20 77 68 | application, wh| 00000320 69 63 68 0a 20 20 20 63 6f 75 6c 64 20 72 61 79 |ich. could ray| 00000330 74 72 61 63 65 20 79 6f 75 72 20 73 63 65 6e 65 |trace your scene| 00000340 73 20 6f 6e 20 61 20 6e 75 6d 62 65 72 20 6f 66 |s on a number of| 00000350 20 64 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e 74 20 50 44 20 72 61 | different PD ra| 00000360 79 74 72 61 63 65 72 73 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 48 6f |ytracers... Ho| 00000370 77 65 76 65 72 2c 20 69 74 20 73 6f 6f 6e 20 62 |wever, it soon b| 00000380 65 63 61 6d 65 20 61 70 70 61 72 65 6e 74 20 74 |ecame apparent t| 00000390 68 61 74 20 69 66 20 49 20 77 61 73 20 74 6f 20 |hat if I was to | 000003a0 65 6e 61 62 6c 65 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 6f 67 72 |enable the progr| 000003b0 61 6d 0a 20 20 20 74 6f 20 63 61 74 65 72 20 66 |am. to cater f| 000003c0 6f 72 20 61 6e 20 61 64 64 69 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c |or an additional| 000003d0 20 72 61 79 74 72 61 63 65 72 20 61 74 20 61 20 | raytracer at a | 000003e0 6c 61 74 65 72 20 64 61 74 65 2c 20 49 20 77 6f |later date, I wo| 000003f0 75 6c 64 20 6e 65 65 64 20 74 6f 0a 20 20 20 72 |uld need to. r| 00000400 65 2d 72 65 6c 65 61 73 65 20 61 20 6e 65 77 20 |e-release a new | 00000410 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 21 52 61 79 33 |version of !Ray3| 00000420 64 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 54 68 69 73 20 77 6f 75 6c |d... This woul| 00000430 64 20 68 61 76 65 20 74 77 6f 20 70 72 6f 62 6c |d have two probl| 00000440 65 6d 73 3a 0a 0a 20 20 20 2a 20 54 68 65 20 73 |ems:.. * The s| 00000450 69 7a 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 52 61 79 33 64 |ize of the Ray3d| 00000460 20 61 70 70 6c 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 77 6f 75 | application wou| 00000470 6c 64 20 63 6f 6e 74 69 6e 75 65 20 74 6f 20 67 |ld continue to g| 00000480 72 6f 77 2c 20 61 6e 64 0a 20 20 20 20 20 75 6c |row, and. ul| 00000490 74 69 6d 61 74 65 6c 79 20 62 65 63 6f 6d 65 20 |timately become | 000004a0 74 6f 6f 20 6c 61 72 67 65 20 66 6f 72 20 62 61 |too large for ba| 000004b0 73 65 20 6c 65 76 65 6c 20 6d 61 63 68 69 6e 65 |se level machine| 000004c0 73 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 2a 20 49 20 77 6f 75 6c 64 |s... * I would| 000004d0 20 6e 65 65 64 20 74 6f 20 64 69 73 74 72 69 62 | need to distrib| 000004e0 75 74 65 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 77 20 76 65 72 73 |ute the new vers| 000004f0 69 6f 6e 2e 0a 20 20 20 0a 20 20 20 53 6f 20 49 |ion.. . So I| 00000500 20 64 65 63 69 64 65 64 20 74 6f 20 62 72 65 61 | decided to brea| 00000510 6b 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 64 6f |k the program do| 00000520 77 6e 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 73 65 76 65 72 61 6c 20 |wn into several | 00000530 61 70 70 6c 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 2c 0a 20 20 |applications,. | 00000540 20 6e 61 6d 65 6c 79 20 74 68 65 20 73 63 65 6e | namely the scen| 00000550 65 20 64 65 73 69 67 6e 65 72 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 |e designer, and | 00000560 74 68 65 20 72 61 79 74 72 61 63 69 6e 67 20 61 |the raytracing a| 00000570 70 70 6c 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f 66 20 77 |pplications of w| 00000580 68 69 63 68 0a 20 20 20 52 61 79 53 68 61 64 65 |hich. RayShade| 00000590 20 69 73 20 6f 6e 65 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 54 68 65 | is one... The| 000005a0 20 61 64 76 61 6e 74 61 67 65 73 20 6f 66 20 74 | advantages of t| 000005b0 68 69 73 20 61 72 65 3a 0a 0a 20 20 20 2a 20 54 |his are:.. * T| 000005c0 68 65 20 73 69 7a 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 6d |he size of the m| 000005d0 61 69 6e 20 21 52 61 79 33 64 20 61 70 70 6c 69 |ain !Ray3d appli| 000005e0 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 77 6f 75 6c 64 20 72 65 6d |cation would rem| 000005f0 61 69 6e 20 66 69 78 65 64 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 2a |ain fixed... *| 00000600 20 4e 65 77 20 52 61 79 74 72 61 63 69 6e 67 20 | New Raytracing | 00000610 61 70 70 6c 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 63 6f 75 |applications cou| 00000620 6c 64 20 62 65 20 72 65 6c 65 61 73 65 64 2e 0a |ld be released..| 00000630 0a 20 20 20 2a 20 52 61 79 74 72 61 63 69 6e 67 |. * Raytracing| 00000640 20 63 61 6e 20 6e 6f 77 20 62 65 20 64 6f 6e 65 | can now be done| 00000650 20 77 69 74 68 6f 75 74 20 21 52 61 79 33 64 20 | without !Ray3d | 00000660 62 65 69 6e 67 20 6c 6f 61 64 65 64 2e 20 54 68 |being loaded. Th| 00000670 69 73 0a 20 20 20 20 20 72 65 6c 65 61 73 65 73 |is. releases| 00000680 20 61 20 73 75 62 73 74 61 6e 74 69 61 6c 20 61 | a substantial a| 00000690 6d 6f 75 6e 74 20 6f 66 20 6d 65 6d 6f 72 79 20 |mount of memory | 000006a0 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 72 61 79 74 72 61 63 65 |for the raytrace| 000006b0 72 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 0a 20 20 20 20 20 74 68 65 |rs, and. the| 000006c0 72 65 66 6f 72 65 20 61 6c 6c 6f 77 73 20 62 69 |refore allows bi| 000006d0 67 67 65 72 20 73 63 65 6e 65 73 20 74 6f 20 62 |gger scenes to b| 000006e0 65 20 72 61 79 74 72 61 63 65 64 2e 0a 0a 40 65 |e raytraced...@e| 000006f0 6e 64 40 0a 40 70 61 67 65 3a 43 6f 70 79 72 69 |nd@.@page:Copyri| 00000700 67 68 74 40 43 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 0a 0a 40 |ght@Copyright..@| 00000710 63 6f 6c 6f 75 72 3a 31 31 40 20 20 20 43 6f 70 |colour:11@ Cop| 00000720 79 72 69 67 68 74 0a 0a 20 20 20 54 68 65 20 21 |yright.. The !| 00000730 52 61 79 73 68 61 64 65 20 61 70 70 6c 69 63 61 |Rayshade applica| 00000740 74 69 6f 6e 20 70 72 6f 76 69 64 65 73 20 61 20 |tion provides a | 00000750 66 72 6f 6e 74 20 65 6e 64 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 |front end for th| 00000760 65 20 72 61 79 74 72 61 63 65 72 0a 20 20 20 52 |e raytracer. R| 00000770 61 79 53 68 61 64 65 20 77 72 69 74 74 65 6e 20 |ayShade written | 00000780 62 79 20 43 72 61 69 67 20 4b 6f 6c 62 2e 20 42 |by Craig Kolb. B| 00000790 6f 74 68 20 74 68 65 20 66 72 6f 6e 74 20 65 6e |oth the front en| 000007a0 64 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 0a 20 20 20 72 61 |d, and the. ra| 000007b0 79 74 72 61 63 65 72 20 61 72 65 20 50 75 62 6c |ytracer are Publ| 000007c0 69 63 20 64 6f 6d 61 69 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 6d 61 |ic domain and ma| 000007d0 79 20 62 65 20 66 72 65 65 6c 79 20 64 69 73 74 |y be freely dist| 000007e0 72 69 62 75 74 65 64 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 53 70 65 |ributed... Spe| 000007f0 63 69 66 69 63 20 43 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 |cific Copyright | 00000800 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 65 78 69 73 |information exis| 00000810 74 73 20 66 6f 72 20 65 61 63 68 3a 0a 0a 20 20 |ts for each:.. | 00000820 20 20 20 40 67 6f 74 6f 3a 41 70 70 5f 63 6f 70 | @goto:App_cop| 00000830 79 72 69 67 68 74 3a 20 21 52 61 79 53 68 61 64 |yright: !RayShad| 00000840 65 20 28 74 68 65 20 66 72 6f 6e 74 20 65 6e 64 |e (the front end| 00000850 29 20 40 0a 20 20 20 20 20 40 67 6f 74 6f 3a 54 |) @. @goto:T| 00000860 72 61 63 65 72 5f 43 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 3a |racer_Copyright:| 00000870 20 20 52 61 79 53 68 61 64 65 20 28 74 68 65 20 | RayShade (the | 00000880 72 61 79 74 72 61 63 65 72 29 20 40 0a 0a 40 65 |raytracer) @..@e| 00000890 6e 64 40 0a 40 70 61 67 65 3a 74 72 61 63 65 72 |nd@.@page:tracer| 000008a0 5f 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 40 43 6f 70 79 72 |_copyright@Copyr| 000008b0 69 67 68 74 0a 0a 40 63 6f 6c 6f 75 72 3a 31 31 |ight..@colour:11| 000008c0 40 20 20 20 43 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 28 43 |@ Copyright (C| 000008d0 29 20 31 39 38 39 2c 20 43 72 61 69 67 20 45 2e |) 1989, Craig E.| 000008e0 20 4b 6f 6c 62 0a 0a 20 20 20 54 68 69 73 20 73 | Kolb.. This s| 000008f0 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 20 66 |oftware may be f| 00000900 72 65 65 6c 79 20 63 6f 70 69 65 64 2c 20 6d 6f |reely copied, mo| 00000910 64 69 66 69 65 64 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 72 65 64 69 |dified, and redi| 00000920 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 65 64 2c 0a 20 20 20 70 72 |stributed,. pr| 00000930 6f 76 69 64 65 64 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 69 73 |ovided that this| 00000940 20 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 6e 6f 74 69 63 | copyright notic| 00000950 65 20 69 73 20 70 72 65 73 65 72 76 65 64 20 6f |e is preserved o| 00000960 6e 20 61 6c 6c 20 63 6f 70 69 65 73 2e 0a 20 20 |n all copies.. | 00000970 20 54 68 65 72 65 20 69 73 20 6e 6f 20 77 61 72 | There is no war| 00000980 72 61 6e 74 79 20 6f 72 20 6f 74 68 65 72 20 67 |ranty or other g| 00000990 75 61 72 61 6e 74 65 65 20 6f 66 20 66 69 74 6e |uarantee of fitn| 000009a0 65 73 73 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 69 73 0a 20 20 20 |ess for this. | 000009b0 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 2c 20 69 74 20 69 73 20 |software, it is | 000009c0 70 72 6f 76 69 64 65 64 20 73 6f 6c 65 6c 79 20 |provided solely | 000009d0 22 61 73 20 69 73 22 2e 20 20 42 75 67 20 72 65 |"as is". Bug re| 000009e0 70 6f 72 74 73 20 6f 72 20 66 69 78 65 73 0a 20 |ports or fixes. | 000009f0 20 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 20 73 65 6e 74 20 74 6f | may be sent to| 00000a00 20 74 68 65 20 61 75 74 68 6f 72 2c 20 77 68 6f | the author, who| 00000a10 20 6d 61 79 20 6f 72 20 6d 61 79 20 6e 6f 74 20 | may or may not | 00000a20 61 63 74 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 6d 20 61 73 20 68 |act on them as h| 00000a30 65 0a 20 20 20 64 65 73 69 72 65 73 2e 0a 20 20 |e. desires.. | 00000a40 20 0a 20 20 20 59 6f 75 20 6d 61 79 20 6e 6f 74 | . You may not| 00000a50 20 69 6e 63 6c 75 64 65 20 74 68 69 73 20 73 6f | include this so| 00000a60 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 69 6e 20 61 20 70 72 6f 67 |ftware in a prog| 00000a70 72 61 6d 20 6f 72 20 6f 74 68 65 72 20 73 6f 66 |ram or other sof| 00000a80 74 77 61 72 65 0a 20 20 20 70 72 6f 64 75 63 74 |tware. product| 00000a90 20 77 69 74 68 6f 75 74 20 73 75 70 70 6c 79 69 | without supplyi| 00000aa0 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 73 6f 75 72 63 65 2c 20 6f |ng the source, o| 00000ab0 72 20 77 69 74 68 6f 75 74 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d |r without inform| 00000ac0 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 0a 20 20 20 65 6e 64 2d 75 |ing the. end-u| 00000ad0 73 65 72 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 73 6f 75 |ser that the sou| 00000ae0 72 63 65 20 69 73 20 61 76 61 69 6c 61 62 6c 65 |rce is available| 00000af0 20 66 6f 72 20 6e 6f 20 65 78 74 72 61 20 63 68 | for no extra ch| 00000b00 61 72 67 65 2e 0a 20 20 20 0a 20 20 20 49 66 20 |arge.. . If | 00000b10 79 6f 75 20 6d 6f 64 69 66 79 20 74 68 69 73 20 |you modify this | 00000b20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 2c 20 79 6f 75 20 73 68 |software, you sh| 00000b30 6f 75 6c 64 20 69 6e 63 6c 75 64 65 20 61 20 6e |ould include a n| 00000b40 6f 74 69 63 65 20 67 69 76 69 6e 67 0a 20 20 20 |otice giving. | 00000b50 74 68 65 20 6e 61 6d 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 |the name of the | 00000b60 70 65 72 73 6f 6e 20 70 65 72 66 6f 72 6d 69 6e |person performin| 00000b70 67 20 74 68 65 20 6d 6f 64 69 66 69 63 61 74 69 |g the modificati| 00000b80 6f 6e 2c 20 74 68 65 20 64 61 74 65 20 6f 66 0a |on, the date of.| 00000b90 20 20 20 6d 6f 64 69 66 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 2c | modification,| 00000ba0 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 72 65 61 73 6f 6e 20 | and the reason | 00000bb0 66 6f 72 20 73 75 63 68 20 6d 6f 64 69 66 69 63 |for such modific| 00000bc0 61 74 69 6f 6e 2e 0a 0a 40 65 6e 64 40 0a 40 50 |ation...@end@.@P| 00000bd0 61 67 65 3a 41 70 70 5f 43 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 |age:App_Copyrigh| 00000be0 74 40 43 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 0a 0a 40 63 6f |t@Copyright..@co| 00000bf0 6c 6f 75 72 3a 31 31 40 20 20 20 21 52 61 79 53 |lour:11@ !RayS| 00000c00 68 61 64 65 20 2d 20 43 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 |hade - Copyright| 00000c10 20 31 39 39 34 20 52 6f 62 65 72 74 20 54 61 79 | 1994 Robert Tay| 00000c20 6c 6f 72 0a 0a 20 20 20 21 52 61 79 53 68 61 64 |lor.. !RayShad| 00000c30 65 20 69 73 20 61 20 70 75 62 6c 69 63 20 64 6f |e is a public do| 00000c40 6d 61 69 6e 20 61 70 70 6c 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e |main application| 00000c50 20 62 75 74 20 69 74 20 69 73 20 63 6f 70 79 72 | but it is copyr| 00000c60 69 67 68 74 2c 20 73 6f 0a 20 20 20 70 6c 65 61 |ight, so. plea| 00000c70 73 65 20 63 6f 70 79 20 69 74 20 66 72 65 65 6c |se copy it freel| 00000c80 79 20 62 75 74 20 79 6f 75 20 6d 75 73 74 20 66 |y but you must f| 00000c90 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6e 64 69 74 |ollow the condit| 00000ca0 69 6f 6e 73 20 62 65 6c 6f 77 2e 0a 20 20 20 0a |ions below.. .| 00000cb0 20 20 20 6f 20 20 49 74 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 20 | o It may be | 00000cc0 63 6f 70 69 65 64 20 66 72 65 65 6c 79 20 61 73 |copied freely as| 00000cd0 20 6c 6f 6e 67 20 61 73 20 74 68 69 73 20 69 73 | long as this is| 00000ce0 20 6e 6f 74 20 64 6f 6e 65 20 66 6f 72 20 61 0a | not done for a.| 00000cf0 20 20 20 20 20 20 70 72 6f 66 69 74 20 6f 72 20 | profit or | 00000d00 61 6e 79 20 73 6f 72 74 20 6f 66 20 63 6f 6d 6d |any sort of comm| 00000d10 65 72 63 69 61 6c 20 67 61 69 6e 20 6f 72 20 61 |ercial gain or a| 00000d20 64 76 61 6e 74 61 67 65 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 |dvantage and the| 00000d30 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 63 6f 6d 70 6c 65 74 65 20 |. complete | 00000d40 61 70 70 6c 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 73 20 63 |application is c| 00000d50 6f 70 69 65 64 20 61 73 20 61 20 77 68 6f 6c 65 |opied as a whole| 00000d60 2e 0a 20 20 20 0a 20 20 20 6f 20 20 54 68 65 20 |.. . o The | 00000d70 41 75 74 68 6f 72 20 72 65 74 61 69 6e 73 20 63 |Author retains c| 00000d80 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 61 74 20 61 6c 6c 20 |opyright at all | 00000d90 74 69 6d 65 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 6e 6f 20 70 61 |times, and no pa| 00000da0 72 74 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |rt of the. | 00000db0 61 70 70 6c 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 6d 61 79 20 |application may | 00000dc0 62 65 20 69 6e 63 6c 75 64 65 64 20 69 6e 20 61 |be included in a| 00000dd0 6e 79 20 6f 74 68 65 72 20 61 70 70 6c 69 63 61 |ny other applica| 00000de0 74 69 6f 6e 20 77 69 74 68 6f 75 74 0a 20 20 20 |tion without. | 00000df0 20 20 20 74 68 65 20 70 65 72 6d 69 73 73 69 6f | the permissio| 00000e00 6e 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 61 75 74 68 6f 72 2e |n of the author.| 00000e10 0a 0a 20 20 20 6f 20 20 54 68 69 73 20 61 70 70 |.. o This app| 00000e20 6c 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 73 20 73 75 70 70 |lication is supp| 00000e30 6c 69 65 64 20 22 61 73 20 69 73 22 2c 20 61 6e |lied "as is", an| 00000e40 64 20 74 68 65 20 61 75 74 68 6f 72 20 63 61 6e |d the author can| 00000e50 6e 6f 74 20 62 65 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 68 65 6c |not be. hel| 00000e60 64 20 72 65 73 70 6f 6e 73 69 62 6c 65 20 66 6f |d responsible fo| 00000e70 72 20 6c 6f 73 73 20 6f 72 20 64 61 6d 61 67 65 |r loss or damage| 00000e80 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 61 72 69 73 65 20 66 72 6f |s that arise fro| 00000e90 6d 20 74 68 65 20 75 73 65 2c 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |m the use,. | 00000ea0 20 6d 69 73 2d 75 73 65 20 6f 72 20 6c 61 63 6b | mis-use or lack| 00000eb0 20 6f 66 20 75 73 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 69 73 20 | of use of this | 00000ec0 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 2e 0a 0a 40 65 6e 64 40 0a |program...@end@.| 00000ed0 40 70 61 67 65 3a 63 72 65 64 69 74 73 40 43 72 |@page:credits@Cr| 00000ee0 65 64 69 74 73 0a 0a 20 20 20 40 63 6f 6c 6f 75 |edits.. @colou| 00000ef0 72 3a 31 31 40 41 62 6f 75 74 20 74 68 65 20 41 |r:11@About the A| 00000f00 75 74 68 6f 72 73 0a 0a 20 20 20 21 52 61 79 53 |uthors.. !RayS| 00000f10 68 61 64 65 20 28 74 68 65 20 46 72 6f 6e 74 20 |hade (the Front | 00000f20 65 6e 64 29 20 77 61 73 20 66 75 6c 6c 79 20 64 |end) was fully d| 00000f30 65 73 69 67 6e 65 64 20 61 6e 64 20 63 6f 64 65 |esigned and code| 00000f40 64 20 65 78 63 6c 75 73 69 76 65 6c 79 0a 20 20 |d exclusively. | 00000f50 20 66 6f 72 20 57 79 76 65 72 6e 20 53 6f 66 74 | for Wyvern Soft| 00000f60 77 61 72 65 20 62 79 3a 0a 20 20 20 0a 20 20 20 |ware by:. . | 00000f70 20 20 20 52 6f 62 65 72 74 20 54 61 79 6c 6f 72 | Robert Taylor| 00000f80 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 35 20 4d 61 79 66 69 65 6c |. 5 Mayfiel| 00000f90 64 20 47 72 6f 76 65 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 53 6b |d Grove. Sk| 00000fa0 65 67 6e 65 73 73 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 4c 69 6e |egness. Lin| 00000fb0 63 6f 6c 6e 73 68 69 72 65 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |colnshire. | 00000fc0 50 45 32 35 20 33 52 59 0a 0a 20 20 20 52 61 79 |PE25 3RY.. Ray| 00000fd0 53 68 61 64 65 20 28 74 68 65 20 52 61 79 74 72 |Shade (the Raytr| 00000fe0 61 63 65 72 29 20 69 73 20 66 72 65 65 6c 79 20 |acer) is freely | 00000ff0 61 76 61 69 6c 61 62 6c 65 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 6d |available from m| 00001000 61 6e 79 20 70 75 62 6c 69 63 20 64 6f 6d 61 69 |any public domai| 00001010 6e 0a 20 20 20 6c 69 62 72 61 72 69 65 73 20 61 |n. libraries a| 00001020 6e 64 20 77 61 73 20 77 72 69 74 74 65 6e 20 62 |nd was written b| 00001030 79 3a 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 43 72 61 69 67 20 |y:.. Craig | 00001040 45 2e 20 4b 6f 6c 62 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 59 61 |E. Kolb. Ya| 00001050 6c 65 20 55 6e 69 76 65 72 73 69 74 79 0a 20 20 |le University. | 00001060 20 20 20 20 44 65 70 74 2e 20 6f 66 20 4d 61 74 | Dept. of Mat| 00001070 68 65 6d 61 74 69 63 73 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 50 |hematics. P| 00001080 2e 4f 2e 20 42 6f 78 20 32 31 35 35 0a 20 20 20 |.O. Box 2155. | 00001090 20 20 20 59 61 6c 65 20 53 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 0a | Yale Station.| 000010a0 20 20 20 20 20 20 4e 65 77 20 48 61 76 65 6e 2c | New Haven,| 000010b0 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 43 54 20 30 36 35 32 30 2d |. CT 06520-| 000010c0 32 31 35 35 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 40 73 70 72 69 |2155. @spri| 000010d0 74 65 3a 62 5f 61 74 40 20 79 61 6c 65 2e 65 64 |te:b_at@ yale.ed| 000010e0 75 0a 0a 20 20 20 40 63 6f 6c 6f 75 72 3a 31 31 |u.. @colour:11| 000010f0 40 43 72 65 64 69 74 73 0a 0a 20 20 20 49 20 77 |@Credits.. I w| 00001100 6f 75 6c 64 20 6c 69 6b 65 20 74 6f 20 74 68 61 |ould like to tha| 00001110 6e 6b 20 52 6f 62 65 72 74 20 47 61 72 66 6f 6f |nk Robert Garfoo| 00001120 74 2c 20 77 68 6f 20 73 75 67 67 65 73 74 65 64 |t, who suggested| 00001130 20 62 72 65 61 6b 69 6e 67 20 21 52 61 79 33 64 | breaking !Ray3d| 00001140 0a 20 20 20 64 6f 77 6e 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 73 65 |. down into se| 00001150 76 65 72 61 6c 20 61 70 70 6c 69 63 61 74 69 6f |veral applicatio| 00001160 6e 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 66 6f 72 20 63 6f 6e 74 |ns, and for cont| 00001170 69 6e 75 61 6c 6c 79 20 74 65 73 74 69 6e 67 20 |inually testing | 00001180 6d 61 6e 79 20 6f 66 0a 20 20 20 6d 79 20 61 70 |many of. my ap| 00001190 70 6c 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 |plications... | 000011a0 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | | 000011b0 20 52 6f 62 65 72 74 20 54 61 79 6c 6f 72 2e 0a | Robert Taylor..| 000011c0 0a 40 65 6e 64 40 0a 40 70 61 67 65 3a 75 73 69 |.@end@.@page:usi| 000011d0 6e 67 40 55 73 69 6e 67 20 21 52 61 79 53 68 61 |ng@Using !RaySha| 000011e0 64 65 0a 0a 40 63 6f 6c 6f 75 72 3a 31 31 40 20 |de..@colour:11@ | 000011f0 20 20 55 73 69 6e 67 20 21 52 61 79 53 68 61 64 | Using !RayShad| 00001200 65 0a 0a 20 20 20 54 6f 20 72 61 79 74 72 61 63 |e.. 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Many @| 000014b0 67 6f 74 6f 3a 6f 70 74 69 6f 6e 73 3a 72 61 79 |goto:options:ray| 000014c0 74 72 61 63 69 6e 67 20 6f 70 74 69 6f 6e 73 40 |tracing options@| 000014d0 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 20 73 65 74 20 75 70 20 66 | may be set up f| 000014e0 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 6d 65 6e 75 2c 20 77 68 |rom the menu, wh| 000014f0 69 63 68 20 69 73 0a 20 20 20 61 63 63 65 73 73 |ich is. access| 00001500 69 62 6c 65 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 21 52 |ible from the !R| 00001510 61 79 53 68 61 64 65 20 69 63 6f 6e 20 6f 6e 20 |ayShade icon on | 00001520 74 68 65 20 69 63 6f 6e 20 62 61 72 2e 0a 0a 40 |the icon bar...@| 00001530 65 6e 64 40 0a 40 50 61 67 65 3a 73 69 7a 65 40 |end@.@Page:size@| 00001540 49 6d 61 67 65 20 53 69 7a 65 0a 0a 40 63 6f 6c |Image Size..@col| 00001550 6f 75 72 3a 31 31 40 20 20 20 49 6d 61 67 65 20 |our:11@ Image | 00001560 73 69 7a 65 0a 0a 20 20 20 4d 6f 76 69 6e 67 20 |size.. 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A norma| 00002680 6c 20 52 49 53 43 20 4f 53 20 73 61 76 65 20 62 |l RISC OS save b| 00002690 6f 78 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 61 70 70 65 61 72 2c 20 |ox will appear, | 000026a0 61 6e 64 20 79 6f 75 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 73 |and you should s| 000026b0 61 76 65 20 74 68 65 20 66 69 6c 65 0a 20 20 20 |ave the file. | 000026c0 62 61 63 6b 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 64 69 73 63 |back to the disc| 000026d0 2e 20 28 6d 61 6b 65 20 73 75 72 65 20 79 6f 75 |. (make sure you| 000026e0 20 68 61 76 65 20 70 6c 65 6e 74 79 20 6f 66 20 | have plenty of | 000026f0 66 72 65 65 20 64 69 73 63 20 73 70 61 63 65 20 |free disc space | 00002700 61 73 0a 20 20 20 74 68 65 73 65 20 70 69 63 74 |as. these pict| 00002710 75 72 65 73 20 63 61 6e 20 62 65 20 56 45 52 59 |ures can be VERY| 00002720 20 62 69 67 2e 29 0a 0a 20 20 20 52 61 79 74 72 | big.).. 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Alternativ| 00002830 65 6c 79 2c 20 69 66 20 79 6f 75 20 68 61 76 65 |ely, if you have| 00002840 20 21 54 72 61 6e 73 6c 61 74 6f 72 2c 20 75 73 | !Translator, us| 00002850 65 20 74 68 69 73 20 69 6e 73 74 65 61 64 20 6f |e this instead o| 00002860 66 20 21 4d 54 56 2d 53 70 72 0a 20 20 20 61 73 |f !MTV-Spr. as| 00002870 20 69 74 20 67 69 76 65 73 20 62 65 74 74 65 72 | it gives better| 00002880 20 72 65 73 75 6c 74 73 2e 0a 0a 40 63 6f 6c 6f | results...@colo| 00002890 75 72 3a 30 38 40 20 20 20 53 74 65 70 20 32 0a |ur:08@ Step 2.| 000028a0 0a 20 20 20 4f 4b 2c 20 79 6f 75 20 77 61 6e 74 |. OK, you want| 000028b0 20 74 6f 20 72 61 79 74 72 61 63 65 20 61 20 62 | to raytrace a b| 000028c0 69 67 67 65 72 20 70 69 63 74 75 72 65 2c 20 6f |igger picture, o| 000028d0 72 20 74 75 72 6e 20 73 68 61 64 6f 77 73 20 6f |r turn shadows o| 000028e0 6e 2c 20 65 74 63 2e 0a 20 20 20 0a 20 20 20 43 |n, etc.. . 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