Home » Archimedes archive » Archimedes World » AW-1996-12.adf » !AcornAns_AcornAns » November/!Balls/Balls
November/!Balls/Balls
This website contains an archive of files for the Acorn Electron, BBC Micro, Acorn Archimedes, Commodore 16 and Commodore 64 computers, which Dominic Ford has rescued from his private collection of floppy disks and cassettes.
Some of these files were originally commercial releases in the 1980s and 1990s, but they are now widely available online. I assume that copyright over them is no longer being asserted. If you own the copyright and would like files to be removed, please contact me.
| Tape/disk: | Home » Archimedes archive » Archimedes World » AW-1996-12.adf » !AcornAns_AcornAns |
| Filename: | November/!Balls/Balls |
| Read OK: | ✔ |
| File size: | 4154 bytes |
| Load address: | 0000 |
| Exec address: | 0000 |
File contents
10REM >Balls
20REM
30:
40REM NB program will produce a beep if animation speed falls
50REM below the target fps rate.
60targetfps% = 50
70IF 100MODtargetfps%<>0 ERROR 1, "Require targetfps divides into 100"
80:
90SYS &20280, 0, -1 TO ;flags%
100IF flags% AND 1 THEN arm3%=FALSE ELSE arm3%=TRUE
110:
120ON ERROR SYS 6,112,1:SYS 6,113,1:PRINT REPORT$;" at line ";ERL:END
130D% = RND(-TIME)
140:
150CLS
160PRINT " B A L L S D E M O"'
170PRINT "� Program will beep if animation speed falls below the target of ";targetfps%;" fps."
180PRINT "� Pressing any key during demo will add one more ball."
190PRINT "� Press Escape to end program."'
200INPUT "Please input Standard (0) or VGA (1) display";VGA%
210IF VGA%<>1 VGA%=0
220:
230hpix%=288
240vpix%=200
250IF VGA% THEN
260 mode%=99
270 avpix%=400
280 hadd%=hpix%*2
290 lhadd%=6
300ELSE
310 mode%=98
320 avpix%=200
330 hadd%=hpix%
340 lhadd%=5
350ENDIF
360:
370DIM balldata% 2560
380SYS "OS_File", 255, "<Balls$Dir>.Resources.BallData", balldata%, 0
390DIM backdata% 57656
400SYS "OS_File", 255, "<Balls$Dir>.Resources.BackSpr", backdata%, 0
410:
420DIM vblin% 8, vblout% 8
430!vblin%=148:vblin%!4=-1
440MODE mode%+128
450SYS "OS_ReadVduVariables", vblin%, vblout%
460scrst2%=!vblout%
470MODE mode%
480SYS "OS_ReadVduVariables", vblin%, vblout%
490scrst1%=!vblout%
500OFF
510:
520maxn%=200
530DIM b% maxn%*20
540REM NB b% stores array (of size n%) of structure:
550REM {x coord, y coord, x increment, y increment, sticking count}
560:
570PROCass
580:
590SYS 6,112,1:SYS 6,113,1
600n%=1
610!an%=n%
620:
630REM initialise ball locations & velocities
640FOR i% = 0 TO n%*20-1 STEP 20
650 b%!(i%+0) = 259*256
660 b%!(i%+4) = 174*256
670 b%!(i%+8) = RND(64)-32
680 b%!(i%+12) = -4*256+RND(128)-64
690 b%!(i%+16) = 0
700NEXT
710:
720REPEAT
730 CALL anim%
740 IF n%<maxn% THEN
750 i%=20*n%
760 b%!(i%+0) = 259*256
770 b%!(i%+4) = 174*256
780 b%!(i%+8) = RND(64)-32
790 b%!(i%+12) = -4*256+RND(128)-64
800 b%!(i%+16) = 0
810 n%+=1
820 !an%=n%
830 ENDIF
840UNTIL FALSE
850:
860END
870:
880DEF PROCass
890DIM code% 10240, sqrt% 257*4, sincos% 256*8
900FOR i%=0 TO 256
910 sqrt%!(4*i%) = 0.5+SQR(256*i%)
920NEXT
930FOR i%=0 TO 255
940 sincos%!(8*i% ) = 0.5+256*SIN(2*PI*i%/256)
950 sincos%!(8*i%+4) = 0.5+256*COS(2*PI*i%/256)
960NEXT
970scrst%=scrst1%
980FOR pass% = 0 TO 2 STEP 2
990 P%=code%
1000 [OPT pass%
1010 .aspframe% EQUD 0
1020 .ascrstsum% EQUD scrst1%+scrst2%
1030 .an% EQUD 0
1040 .ab% EQUD b%
1050 .atime% EQUD 0 ;time storage for frame speed calc
1060 .afc% EQUD 0 ;frame counter
1070 .anim%
1080 STMFD 13!, {14}
1090 STR 13, aspframe% ;store sp to free up r13
1100 .nextframe%
1110 :
1120 SWI "OS_ReadMonotonicTime" ;track frame speed
1130 STR 0, atime%
1140 :
1150 MOV 0, #19
1160 SWI "OS_Byte" ;wait for vsync
1170 MOV 0, #113
1180 LDR 1, abank%
1190 RSB 3, 1, #3
1200 STR 3, abank%
1210 SWI "OS_Byte" ;swap displayed screen bank
1220 LDR 0, ascrstsum%
1230 LDR 1, ascrst%
1240 SUB 1, 0, 1
1250 STR 1, ascrst% ;swap ptr to other bank
1260 BL copyback% ;cls that bank to background
1270 :
1280 LDR 12, ab%
1290 LDR 13, an%
1300 .framemoveloop% ;then move each ball
1310 LDMIA 12, {0,1,2,3,4} ; read x,y,xi,yi,sc
1320 BL movencheck%
1330 STMIA 12!, {0,1,2,3,4} ; restore x,y,xi,yi,sc
1340 SUBS 13, 13, #1
1350 BNE framemoveloop% ;then do next ball
1360 :
1370 LDR 12, ab%
1380 LDR 13, an%
1390 .frameplotloop% ;now plot each ball:
1400 LDMIA 12, {0,1} ; read x,y coords from data
1410 MOV 0, 0, ASR #8
1420 MOV 1, 1, ASR #8
1430 BL plot% ; plot ball at x,y
1440 ADD 12, 12, #20
1450 SUBS 13, 13, #1
1460 BNE frameplotloop% ;then do next ball
1470 LDR 11, afc%
1480 ADD 11, 11, #1
1490 STR 11, afc% ;update frame count
1500 :
1510 ]
1520 IF VGA% THEN
1530 [OPT pass%
1540 LDR 14, ascrst% ;if in VGA mode, fill in the extra
1550 ADD 13, 14, #hadd%-hpix%;blank lines by copying the line
1560 MOV 12, #vpix% ;above
1570 .interlacel1%
1580 LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
1590 STMIA 13!, {0-11}
1600 LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
1610 STMIA 13!, {0-11}
1620 LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
1630 STMIA 13!, {0-11}
1640 LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
1650 STMIA 13!, {0-11}
1660 LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
1670 STMIA 13!, {0-11}
1680 LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
1690 STMIA 13!, {0-11}
1700 ADD 13, 13, #hadd%-hpix%
1710 ADD 14, 14, #hadd%-hpix%
1720 SUBS 12, 12, #1
1730 BNE interlacel1%
1740 ]
1750 ENDIF
1760 [OPT pass%
1770 :
1780 SWI "OS_ReadMonotonicTime" ;calculate frame speed
1790 LDR 1, atime%
1800 SUB 0, 0, 1
1810 CMP 0, #100/targetfps%
1820 SWIGT 256+7 ;beep if it falls below target fps
1830 :
1840 MOV 0, #129
1850 MOV 1, #0
1860 MOV 2, #0
1870 SWI "OS_Byte"
1880 CMP 2, #&FF
1890 BEQ nextframe% ;if no key pressed, do next frame
1900 LDR 13, aspframe% ;restore sp
1910 LDMFD 13!, {PC} ;return to BASIC
1920 :
1930 .ascrst% EQUD scrst%
1940 .adata% EQUD balldata%
1950 .abackdata% EQUD backdata%
1960 .abank% EQUD 1
1970 .aplotregs% EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0
1980 .plot% ;plot our ball sprite at coords r0,r1
1990 ;where 0,0 is top left & 287,199 is bottom right
2000 ;NB sprite MUST lie entirely within screen
2010 ADR 11, aplotregs%
2020 STMIA 11, {12,13,14}
2030 AND 2, 0, #3 ;calc which of 4 sprite alignments
2040 ADD 3, 2, 2, ASL #2 ;we need via (xAND3)*20*2*16 + data%
2050 BIC 0, 0, #3 ;round x down to mult of 3
2060 ADD 1, 1, 1, ASL #3
2070 LDR 2, ascrst%
2080 ADD 2, 2, 1, ASL #lhadd%
2090 ADD 0, 2, 0 ;calc (screen ptr + hadd%*y + x)
2100 LDR 1, adata%
2110 ADD 1, 1, 3, ASL #7 ;finally calc (xAND3)*20*2*16+data%
2120 MOV 2, #4
2130 ADD 3, 1, #20*16
2140 .loop1% ;now plot sprite
2150 FNplotfrag(pass%) ;plot 1st row
2160 ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-20 ;move screen ptr to start next row
2170 FNplotfrag(pass%)
2180 ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-20
2190 FNplotfrag(pass%)
2200 ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-20
2210 FNplotfrag(pass%) ;plot 4th row
2220 ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-20
2230 SUBS 2, 2, #1
2240 BNE loop1% ;repeat above 4 times to do all 16 rows
2250 ADR 11, aplotregs% ;plot completed - return to caller
2260 LDMIA 11, {12,13,PC} ;preserving r12 & r13.
2270 :
2280 .acollregs% EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0
2290 EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0
2300 .movencheck% ;move then collision check our
2310 ;ball sprite at coords r0,r1
2320 ;where 0,0 is top left & 287,199 is bottom right
2330 ;NB sprite MUST lie entirely within screen
2340 ADR 11, acollregs%
2350 ADD 0, 0, 2
2360 ADD 1, 1, 3
2370 STMIA 11, {0-4,12,13,14}
2380 MOV 0, 0, ASR #8
2390 MOV 1, 1, ASR #8
2400 AND 2, 0, #3 ;calc which of 4 sprite alignments
2410 ADD 3, 2, 2, ASL #2 ;we need via (xAND3)*20*2*16 + data%
2420 BIC 0, 0, #3 ;round x down to mult of 3
2430 ADD 1, 1, 1, ASL #3
2440 LDR 2, ascrst%
2450 ADD 2, 2, 1, ASL #lhadd%
2460 ADD 0, 2, 0 ;calc (screen ptr + hadd%*y + x)
2470 LDR 1, adata%
2480 ADD 1, 1, 3, ASL #7 ;finally calc (xAND3)*20*2*16+data%
2490 ADD 1, 1, #20*16
2500 ADR 2, colladdrbuf% ;store screen and sprite data addrs
2510 STMIA 2, {0,1} ;corresponding to top left of ball
2520 MOV 2, #4
2530 .collloop1% ;now check sprite
2540 FNcollfrag(pass%) ;check 1st row (if coll B gotcoll%)
2550 ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-20 ;move screen ptr to start next row
2560 FNcollfrag(pass%)
2570 ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-20
2580 FNcollfrag(pass%)
2590 ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-20
2600 FNcollfrag(pass%) ;check 4th row
2610 ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-20
2620 SUBS 2, 2, #1
2630 BNE collloop1% ;repeat above 4 times to do all 16 rows
2640 ADR 11, acollregs%
2650 LDMIA 11, {0-4,12,13,14}
2660 ADD 3, 3, #8 ; accelerate ball downwards
2670 MOV 4, #0
2680 MOV PC, 14
2690 .colladdrbuf% EQUD 0:EQUD 0
2700 .gotcoll%
2710 ADR 11, acollregs%
2720 LDMIA 11, {0-3}
2730 SUB 0, 0, 2 ;reset position, moving it out of
2740 SUB 1, 1, 3 ;collision
2750 STMIA 11, {0,1}
2760 MOV 6, #0 ;in my lin reg notes, n
2770 MOV 7, #0 ; u
2780 MOV 8, #0 ; v
2790 MOV 9, #0 ; p
2800 MOV 10, #0 ; q
2810 ADR 2, colladdrbuf%
2820 LDMIA 2, {0,1} ;recall screen/data addrs for top
2830 MOV 3, #0 ;row 0 ;left of sprite
2840 .statloop1%
2850 MOV 2, #0 ;col 0
2860 .statloop2%
2870 LDR 4, [0], #4 ;rescan each pixel in collision area
2880 LDR 5, [1], #4 ;and for each collided pixel add its
2890 AND 4, 4, 5 ;coords (relative to topleft sprite)
2900 FNstatfrag(pass%, 255) ;onto the regression statistics
2910 ADD 2, 2, #1
2920 FNstatfrag(pass%, 255<<8)
2930 ADD 2, 2, #1
2940 FNstatfrag(pass%, 255<<16)
2950 ADD 2, 2, #1
2960 FNstatfrag(pass%, 255<<24)
2970 ADD 2, 2, #1
2980 CMP 2, #20
2990 BLT statloop2%
3000 ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-20
3010 ADD 3, 3, #1
3020 CMP 3, #16
3030 BLT statloop1% ;when done, n, u & v computed
3040 MUL 9, 6, 9
3050 ADD 5, 7, 8
3060 SUB 14, 7, 8
3070 MLA 9, 5, 14, 9 ;p computed
3080 MUL 10, 6, 10
3090 MUL 14, 7, 8
3100 SUB 10, 10, 14
3110 ADD 10, 10, 10 ;q computed
3120 MOVS 6, 9
3130 RSBMI 6, 6, #0 ;ap = abs p
3140 MOVS 7, 10
3150 RSBMI 7, 7, #0 ;aq = abs q
3160 CMP 6, 7
3170 MOV 8, 6
3180 MOVLT 8, 7 ; m = max {ap,aq}
3190 CMP 8, #0 ;if have degenerate collision
3200 BEQ patch1% ;(eg with single pixel), can't calc
3210 .statloop3% ;a linear regression, so go patch1%
3220 CMP 8, #1<<12 ;which simply reverses velocities!
3230 MOVGE 8, 8, ASR #1
3240 MOVGE 6, 6, ASR #1 ;proportionately reduce ap and aq in
3250 MOVGE 7, 7, ASR #1 ;magnitude, until in necessary range
3260 BGE statloop3%
3270 MUL 11, 6, 6 ;ap^2 in low range
3280 MUL 12, 7, 7 ;aq^2 in low range
3290 ADD 13, 11, 12 ;divisor ap^2+aq^2
3300 MOV 0, 11, ASL #8
3310 FNdiv(pass%, 0, 13, 11, 1) ;t in r11 = 256ap^2/(ap^2+aq^2)
3320 MOV 0, 12, ASL #8
3330 FNdiv(pass%, 0, 13, 12, 1) ;tb in r12 = 256aq^2/(ap^2+aq^2)
3340 LDR 13, asqrt%
3350 LDR 7, [13, 11, LSL #2] ;square root t
3360 LDR 8, [13, 12, LSL #2] ;and tb, via look-up-table
3370 CMP 9, #0
3380 RSBLT 7, 7, #0 ;final t in r7
3390 CMP 10, #0
3400 RSBPL 8, 8, #0 ;final tb in r8
3410 ADR 11, acollregs%
3420 LDMIA 11, {0-4,12,13,14}
3430 MUL 5, 7, 2 ;now modify velocity by
3440 MLA 5, 8, 3, 5 ;reflecting it in the
3450 RSB 5, 5, #0 ;line generated by the linear
3460 MUL 6, 7, 3 ;regression calculation
3470 MUL 9, 8, 2 ;(which we use to approximate the
3480 SUB 6, 6, 9 ; tangent at the collision surface)
3490 RSB 5, 5, 5, ASL #8
3500 RSB 6, 6, 6, ASL #8 ;& then attenuate by factor 255/256
3510 MOV 2, 5, ASR #16 ;(simulate energy loss on coll)
3520 MOV 3, 6, ASR #16
3530 ADD 4, 4, #1 ;track how many consecutive frames
3540 : ;this ball has been stuck in a
3550 CMP 4,#2 ;collision and if 2 or more, try to
3560 BLT movencheck% ;escape it via a bodge:
3570 .bodge1% ;bodge begin ...
3580 ADR 7, seed%
3590 LDMIA 7, {5, 6}
3600 MOVS 6, 6, LSR #1 ;generate random 32-bit number
3610 MOVS 8, 5, RRX
3620 ADC 6, 6, 6
3630 EOR 8, 8, 5, LSL #12
3640 EOR 5, 8, 8, LSR #20
3650 STMIA 7, {5, 6}
3660 LDR 7, asincos% ;when balls get stuck
3670 AND 5, 5, #255 ;due to conflict between correct
3680 ADD 7, 7, 5, ASL #3 ;reflection & small velocity or
3690 LDMIA 7, {5, 6} ;jagged overlap problems ...
3700 MUL 7, 2, 5
3710 MLA 7, 3, 6, 7 ;try a 'fix' - rotate velocity by
3720 MUL 8, 2, 6 ;a random angle, so eventually
3730 MUL 9, 3, 5 ;should pick some velocity that
3740 SUB 8, 8, 9 ;extricates ball from stuck position
3750 MOV 2, 7, ASR #8
3760 MOV 3, 8, ASR #8 ;... bodge end
3770 CMP 4, #16
3780 BLT movencheck%
3790 MOV PC, 14
3800 :
3810 .asincos% EQUD sincos%
3820 .seed% EQUD -1:EQUD -1
3830 .patch1% ;a patch to deal with collision case
3840 ADR 11, acollregs% ;where no linear regression exists
3850 LDMIA 11, {0-4,12,13,14} ;(eg where collision involves only
3860 SUB 2, 2, 2, ASL #8 ; one pixel)
3870 SUB 3, 3, 3, ASL #8 ;- simply reverse velocity!
3880 MOV 2, 2, ASR #8
3890 MOV 3, 3, ASR #8 ;nb also attenuate by factor 255/256
3900 ADD 4, 4, #1 ;(simulate energy loss on coll)
3910 CMP 4,#2
3920 BLT movencheck%
3930 B bodge1% ;if been stuck in collision for >= 2
3940 : ;frames go and apply bodged 'escape'
3950 .asqrt% EQUD sqrt%
3960 .alrcls% EQUD 0
3970 .aspcls% EQUD 0
3980 .copyback% ;simple routine to clear screen to
3990 STR 14, alrcls% ;background as rapidly as possible -
4000 STR 13, aspcls% ;note the heavy use of LDM/STM.
4010 LDR 0, ascrst%
4020 LDR 1, abackdata%
4030 ADD 1, 1, #56
4040 MOV 2, #200
4050 .clsloop%
4060 LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
4070 STMIA 0!, {3-14}
4080 LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
4090 STMIA 0!, {3-14}
4100 LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
4110 STMIA 0!, {3-14}
4120 LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
4130 STMIA 0!, {3-14}
4140 LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
4150 STMIA 0!, {3-14}
4160 LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
4170 STMIA 0!, {3-14}
4180 ]
4190 IF VGA% THEN
4200 [OPT pass%
4210 ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-hpix%
4220 ]
4230 ENDIF
4240 [OPT pass%
4250 SUBS 2, 2, #1
4260 BNE clsloop%
4270 LDR 13, aspcls%
4280 LDR PC, alrcls%
4290 ]
4300NEXT
4310ENDPROC
4320:
4330DEF FNplotfrag(pass%) :REM macro to plot a row (20 pixels)
4340[OPT pass% :REM of our sprite
4350LDMIA 0, {4-6} ;read 3 words of screen (12 pixels)
4360LDMIA 1!, {7-9} ;read 12 sprite pixels
4370LDMIA 3!, {10-12} ;& 12 masks
4380BIC 4, 4, 10 ;apply mask to screen, zeroing
4390BIC 5, 5, 11 ; those bits where will write
4400BIC 6, 6, 12 ; sprite image in a moment
4410ORR 4, 4, 7 ;write in the sprite image
4420ORR 5, 5, 8
4430ORR 6, 6, 9
4440STMIA 0!, {4-6} ;restore the data back to screen
4450LDMIA 0, {4-5} ;read 2 words of screen (8 pixels)
4460LDMIA 1!, {7-8} ;read 8 sprite pixels
4470LDMIA 3!, {10-11} ;& 8 masks
4480BIC 4, 4, 10
4490BIC 5, 5, 11
4500ORR 4, 4, 7
4510ORR 5, 5, 8
4520STMIA 0!, {4-5} ;restore the data back to screen
4530]
4540=pass%
4550:
4560DEF FNcollfrag(pass%) :REM macro to coll check a row
4570[OPT pass% :REM (20 pixels) of our sprite
4580LDMIA 0!, {3-7} ;read 5 words of screen (20 pixels)
4590LDMIA 1!, {8-12} ;read 20 sprite pixel masks
4600TST 3, 8
4610TSTEQ 4, 9
4620TSTEQ 5, 10
4630TSTEQ 6, 11
4640TSTEQ 7, 12
4650BNE gotcoll% ;branch to gotcoll% if any overlap
4660] :REM else continue with code after macro
4670=pass%
4680:
4690DEF FNstatfrag(pass%, m%):REM macro to add in regression stats
4700[OPT pass% :REM for one pixel (coords u(i),v(i))
4710TST 4, #m%
4720BEQ P%+8*4
4730ADDNE 6, 6, #1 ; n = n + 1
4740ADDNE 7, 7, 2 ; u = u + u(i)
4750ADDNE 8, 8, 3 ; v = v + v(i)
4760ADDNE 5, 2, 3
4770SUBNE 14, 3, 2
4780MLANE 9, 5, 14, 9 ; p = p + v(i)^2-u(i)^2
4790MLANE 10, 2, 3, 10 ; q = q + u(i)*v(i)
4800]
4810=pass%
4820:
4830DEF FNdiv(pass%, ra, rb, rc, rd) :REM macro to set rc=raDIVrb
4840[OPT pass%
4850MOV rd, rb
4860CMP rd, ra, LSR #1
4870MOVLS rd, rd, LSL #1
4880CMP rd, ra, LSR #1
4890BLS P%-2*4
4900MOV rc, #0
4910CMP ra, rd
4920SUBCS ra, ra, rd
4930ADC rc, rc, rc
4940MOV rd, rd, LSR #1
4950CMP rd, rb
4960BHS P%-5*4
4970]
4980=pass%
� >Balls
�
:
(=� NB program will produce a beep if animation speed falls
2 � below the target fps rate.
<targetfps% = 50
FA� 100�targetfps%<>0 � 1, "Require targetfps divides into 100"
P:
Z ș &20280, 0, -1 � ;flags%
d$� flags% � 1 � arm3%=� � arm3%=�
n:
x2� � ș 6,112,1:ș 6,113,1:� �$;" at line ";�:�
�D% = �(-�)
�:
��
�0� " B A L L S D E M O"'
�\� "� Program will beep if animation speed falls below the target of ";targetfps%;" fps."
�>� "� Pressing any key during demo will add one more ball."
�'� "� Press Escape to end program."'
�9� "Please input Standard (0) or VGA (1) display";VGA%
�� VGA%<>1 VGA%=0
�:
�
hpix%=288
�
vpix%=200
� � VGA% �
mode%=99
avpix%=400
hadd%=hpix%*2
"
lhadd%=6
,�
6
mode%=98
@ avpix%=200
J hadd%=hpix%
T
lhadd%=5
^�
h:
r� balldata% 2560
|Eș "OS_File", 255, "<Balls$Dir>.Resources.BallData", balldata%, 0
�� backdata% 57656
�Dș "OS_File", 255, "<Balls$Dir>.Resources.BackSpr", backdata%, 0
�:
�� vblin% 8, vblout% 8
�!vblin%=148:vblin%!4=-1
�� mode%+128
�-ș "OS_ReadVduVariables", vblin%, vblout%
�scrst2%=!vblout%
� � mode%
�-ș "OS_ReadVduVariables", vblin%, vblout%
�scrst1%=!vblout%
��
�:
maxn%=200
� b% maxn%*20
3� NB b% stores array (of size n%) of structure:
&B� {x coord, y coord, x increment, y increment, sticking count}
0:
:�ass
D:
Nș 6,112,1:ș 6,113,1
Xn%=1
b !an%=n%
l:
v,� initialise ball locations & velocities
�� i% = 0 � n%*20-1 � 20
� b%!(i%+0) = 259*256
� b%!(i%+4) = 174*256
� b%!(i%+8) = �(64)-32
�# b%!(i%+12) = -4*256+�(128)-64
� b%!(i%+16) = 0
��
�:
��
� � anim%
� � n%<maxn% �
� i%=20*n%
� b%!(i%+0) = 259*256
b%!(i%+4) = 174*256
b%!(i%+8) = �(64)-32
# b%!(i%+12) = -4*256+�(128)-64
b%!(i%+16) = 0
* n%+=1
4
!an%=n%
> �
H� �
R:
\�
f:
p
� �ass
z-� code% 10240, sqrt% 257*4, sincos% 256*8
�� i%=0 � 256
�! sqrt%!(4*i%) = 0.5+�(256*i%)
��
�� i%=0 � 255
�- sincos%!(8*i% ) = 0.5+256*�(2*�*i%/256)
�- sincos%!(8*i%+4) = 0.5+256*�(2*�*i%/256)
��
�scrst%=scrst1%
�� pass% = 0 � 2 � 2
�
P%=code%
� [OPT pass%
� .aspframe% EQUD 0
�, .ascrstsum% EQUD scrst1%+scrst2%
.an% EQUD 0
.ab% EQUD b%
D .atime% EQUD 0 ;time storage for frame speed calc
$0 .afc% EQUD 0 ;frame counter
. .anim%
8 STMFD 13!, {14}
B: STR 13, aspframe% ;store sp to free up r13
L .nextframe%
V :
`> SWI "OS_ReadMonotonicTime" ;track frame speed
j STR 0, atime%
t :
~ MOV 0, #19
�; SWI "OS_Byte" ;wait for vsync
� MOV 0, #113
� LDR 1, abank%
� RSB 3, 1, #3
� STR 3, abank%
�= SWI "OS_Byte" ;swap displayed screen bank
� LDR 0, ascrstsum%
� LDR 1, ascrst%
� SUB 1, 0, 1
�9 STR 1, ascrst% ;swap ptr to other bank
�> BL copyback% ;cls that bank to background
� :
LDR 12, ab%
LDR 13, an%
6 .framemoveloop% ;then move each ball
5 LDMIA 12, {0,1,2,3,4} ; read x,y,xi,yi,sc
( BL movencheck%
28 STMIA 12!, {0,1,2,3,4} ; restore x,y,xi,yi,sc
< SUBS 13, 13, #1
F4 BNE framemoveloop% ;then do next ball
P :
Z LDR 12, ab%
d LDR 13, an%
n6 .frameplotloop% ;now plot each ball:
x= LDMIA 12, {0,1} ; read x,y coords from data
� MOV 0, 0, ASR #8
� MOV 1, 1, ASR #8
�4 BL plot% ; plot ball at x,y
� ADD 12, 12, #20
� SUBS 13, 13, #1
�4 BNE frameplotloop% ;then do next ball
� LDR 11, afc%
� ADD 11, 11, #1
�5 STR 11, afc% ;update frame count
� :
� ]
�
� VGA% �
� [OPT pass%
D LDR 14, ascrst% ;if in VGA mode, fill in the extra
B ADD 13, 14, #hadd%-hpix%;blank lines by copying the line
( MOV 12, #vpix% ;above
" .interlacel1%
, LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
6 STMIA 13!, {0-11}
@ LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
J STMIA 13!, {0-11}
T LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
^ STMIA 13!, {0-11}
h LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
r STMIA 13!, {0-11}
| LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
� STMIA 13!, {0-11}
� LDMIA 14!, {0-11}
� STMIA 13!, {0-11}
�" ADD 13, 13, #hadd%-hpix%
�" ADD 14, 14, #hadd%-hpix%
� SUBS 12, 12, #1
� BNE interlacel1%
� ]
� �
� [OPT pass%
� :
�B SWI "OS_ReadMonotonicTime" ;calculate frame speed
� LDR 1, atime%
SUB 0, 0, 1
CMP 0, #100/targetfps%
D SWIGT 256+7 ;beep if it falls below target fps
& :
0 MOV 0, #129
: MOV 1, #0
D MOV 2, #0
N SWI "OS_Byte"
X CMP 2, #&FF
bC BEQ nextframe% ;if no key pressed, do next frame
l- LDR 13, aspframe% ;restore sp
v2 LDMFD 13!, {PC} ;return to BASIC
� :
� .ascrst% EQUD scrst%
� .adata% EQUD balldata%
�& .abackdata% EQUD backdata%
� .abank% EQUD 1
�, .aplotregs% EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0
�3 .plot% ;plot our ball sprite at coords r0,r1
�> ;where 0,0 is top left & 287,199 is bottom right
�8 ;NB sprite MUST lie entirely within screen
� ADR 11, aplotregs%
� STMIA 11, {12,13,14}
�B � 2, 0, #3 ;calc which of 4 sprite alignments
�F ADD 3, 2, 2, ASL #2 ;we need via (xAND3)*20*2*16 + data%
< BIC 0, 0, #3 ;round x down to mult of 3
ADD 1, 1, 1, ASL #3
LDR 2, ascrst%
" ADD 2, 2, 1, ASL #lhadd%
*B ADD 0, 2, 0 ;calc (screen ptr + hadd%*y + x)
4 LDR 1, adata%
>E ADD 1, 1, 3, ASL #7 ;finally calc (xAND3)*20*2*16+data%
H MOV 2, #4
R ADD 3, 1, #20*16
\2 .loop1% ;now plot sprite
f. �plotfrag(pass%) ;plot 1st row
pD ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-20 ;move screen ptr to start next row
z �plotfrag(pass%)
� ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-20
� �plotfrag(pass%)
� ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-20
�. �plotfrag(pass%) ;plot 4th row
� ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-20
� SUBS 2, 2, #1
�E BNE loop1% ;repeat above 4 times to do all 16 rows
�D ADR 11, aplotregs% ;plot completed - return to caller
�8 LDMIA 11, {12,13,PC} ;preserving r12 & r13.
� :
�/ .acollregs% EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0
�/ EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0:EQUD 0
�4 .movencheck% ;move then collision check our
2 ;ball sprite at coords r0,r1
F ;where 0,0 is top left & 287,199 is bottom right
@ ;NB sprite MUST lie entirely within screen
$ ADR 11, acollregs%
. ADD 0, 0, 2
8 ADD 1, 1, 3
B STMIA 11, {0-4,12,13,14}
L MOV 0, 0, ASR #8
V MOV 1, 1, ASR #8
`B � 2, 0, #3 ;calc which of 4 sprite alignments
jF ADD 3, 2, 2, ASL #2 ;we need via (xAND3)*20*2*16 + data%
t< BIC 0, 0, #3 ;round x down to mult of 3
~ ADD 1, 1, 1, ASL #3
� LDR 2, ascrst%
�" ADD 2, 2, 1, ASL #lhadd%
�B ADD 0, 2, 0 ;calc (screen ptr + hadd%*y + x)
� LDR 1, adata%
�E ADD 1, 1, 3, ASL #7 ;finally calc (xAND3)*20*2*16+data%
� ADD 1, 1, #20*16
�E ADR 2, colladdrbuf% ;store screen and sprite data addrs
�D STMIA 2, {0,1} ;corresponding to top left of ball
� MOV 2, #4
�3 .collloop1% ;now check sprite
�D �collfrag(pass%) ;check 1st row (if coll B gotcoll%)
�D ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-20 ;move screen ptr to start next row
�collfrag(pass%)
ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-20
�collfrag(pass%)
ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-20
(/ �collfrag(pass%) ;check 4th row
2 ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-20
< SUBS 2, 2, #1
FE BNE collloop1% ;repeat above 4 times to do all 16 rows
P ADR 11, acollregs%
Z LDMIA 11, {0-4,12,13,14}
d= ADD 3, 3, #8 ; accelerate ball downwards
n MOV 4, #0
x MOV PC, 14
�% .colladdrbuf% EQUD 0:EQUD 0
� .gotcoll%
� ADR 11, acollregs%
� LDMIA 11, {0-3}
�C SUB 0, 0, 2 ;reset position, moving it out of
�, SUB 1, 1, 3 ;collision
� STMIA 11, {0,1}
�9 MOV 6, #0 ;in my lin reg notes, n
�9 MOV 7, #0 ; u
�9 MOV 8, #0 ; v
�9 MOV 9, #0 ; p
�9 MOV 10, #0 ; q
� ADR 2, colladdrbuf%
C LDMIA 2, {0,1} ;recall screen/data addrs for top
1 MOV 3, #0 ;row 0 ;left of sprite
.statloop1%
" MOV 2, #0 ;col 0
, .statloop2%
6F LDR 4, [0], #4 ;rescan each pixel in collision area
@F LDR 5, [1], #4 ;and for each collided pixel add its
JD � 4, 4, 5 ;coords (relative to topleft sprite)
T@ �statfrag(pass%, 255) ;onto the regression statistics
^ ADD 2, 2, #1
h �statfrag(pass%, 255<<8)
r ADD 2, 2, #1
| �statfrag(pass%, 255<<16)
� ADD 2, 2, #1
� �statfrag(pass%, 255<<24)
� ADD 2, 2, #1
� CMP 2, #20
� BLT statloop2%
� ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-20
� ADD 3, 3, #1
� CMP 3, #16
�? BLT statloop1% ;when done, n, u & v computed
� MUL 9, 6, 9
� ADD 5, 7, 8
� SUB 14, 7, 8
�- MLA 9, 5, 14, 9 ;p computed
MUL 10, 6, 10
MUL 14, 7, 8
SUB 10, 10, 14
&- ADD 10, 10, 10 ;q computed
0 MOVS 6, 9
:- RSBMI 6, 6, #0 ;ap = abs p
D MOVS 7, 10
N- RSBMI 7, 7, #0 ;aq = abs q
X CMP 6, 7
b MOV 8, 6
l3 MOVLT 8, 7 ; m = max {ap,aq}
v? CMP 8, #0 ;if have degenerate collision
�E BEQ patch1% ;(eg with single pixel), can't calc
�E .statloop3% ;a linear regression, so go patch1%
�D CMP 8, #1<<12 ;which simply reverses velocities!
� MOVGE 8, 8, ASR #1
�F MOVGE 6, 6, ASR #1 ;proportionately reduce ap and aq in
�F MOVGE 7, 7, ASR #1 ;magnitude, until in necessary range
� BGE statloop3%
�4 MUL 11, 6, 6 ;ap^2 in low range
�4 MUL 12, 7, 7 ;aq^2 in low range
�4 ADD 13, 11, 12 ;divisor ap^2+aq^2
� MOV 0, 11, ASL #8
�A �div(pass%, 0, 13, 11, 1) ;t in r11 = 256ap^2/(ap^2+aq^2)
� MOV 0, 12, ASL #8
A �div(pass%, 0, 13, 12, 1) ;tb in r12 = 256aq^2/(ap^2+aq^2)
LDR 13, asqrt%
0 LDR 7, [13, 11, LSL #2] ;square root t
< LDR 8, [13, 12, LSL #2] ;and tb, via look-up-table
* CMP 9, #0
41 RSBLT 7, 7, #0 ;final t in r7
> CMP 10, #0
H1 RSBPL 8, 8, #0 ;final tb in r8
R ADR 11, acollregs%
\ LDMIA 11, {0-4,12,13,14}
f9 MUL 5, 7, 2 ;now modify velocity by
p7 MLA 5, 8, 3, 5 ;reflecting it in the
z? RSB 5, 5, #0 ;line generated by the linear
�9 MUL 6, 7, 3 ;regression calculation
�C MUL 9, 8, 2 ;(which we use to approximate the
�E SUB 6, 6, 9 ; tangent at the collision surface)
� RSB 5, 5, 5, ASL #8
�E RSB 6, 6, 6, ASL #8 ;& then attenuate by factor 255/256
�A MOV 2, 5, ASR #16 ;(simulate energy loss on coll)
� MOV 3, 6, ASR #16
�D ADD 4, 4, #1 ;track how many consecutive frames
�@ : ;this ball has been stuck in a
�E CMP 4,#2 ;collision and if 2 or more, try to
�9 BLT movencheck% ;escape it via a bodge:
�2 .bodge1% ;bodge begin ...
� ADR 7, seed%
LDMIA 7, {5, 6}
@ MOVS 6, 6, LSR #1 ;generate random 32-bit number
MOVS 8, 5, RRX
$ ADC 6, 6, 6
. � 8, 8, 5, LSL #12
8 � 5, 8, 8, LSR #20
B STMIA 7, {5, 6}
L7 LDR 7, asincos% ;when balls get stuck
V@ � 5, 5, #255 ;due to conflict between correct
`A ADD 7, 7, 5, ASL #3 ;reflection & small velocity or
j> LDMIA 7, {5, 6} ;jagged overlap problems ...
t MUL 7, 2, 5
~C MLA 7, 3, 6, 7 ;try a 'fix' - rotate velocity by
�@ MUL 8, 2, 6 ;a random angle, so eventually
�A MUL 9, 3, 5 ;should pick some velocity that
�F SUB 8, 8, 9 ;extricates ball from stuck position
� MOV 2, 7, ASR #8
�0 MOV 3, 8, ASR #8 ;... bodge end
� CMP 4, #16
� BLT movencheck%
� MOV PC, 14
� :
�$ .asincos% EQUD sincos%
� .seed% EQUD -1:EQUD -1
�F .patch1% ;a patch to deal with collision case
D ADR 11, acollregs% ;where no linear regression exists
D LDMIA 11, {0-4,12,13,14} ;(eg where collision involves only
. SUB 2, 2, 2, ASL #8 ; one pixel)
= SUB 3, 3, 3, ASL #8 ;- simply reverse velocity!
( MOV 2, 2, ASR #8
2F MOV 3, 3, ASR #8 ;nb also attenuate by factor 255/256
<A ADD 4, 4, #1 ;(simulate energy loss on coll)
F CMP 4,#2
P BLT movencheck%
ZF B bodge1% ;if been stuck in collision for >= 2
dF : ;frames go and apply bodged 'escape'
n .asqrt% EQUD sqrt%
x .alrcls% EQUD 0
� .aspcls% EQUD 0
�D .copyback% ;simple routine to clear screen to
�F STR 14, alrcls% ;background as rapidly as possible -
�A STR 13, aspcls% ;note the heavy use of LDM/STM.
� LDR 0, ascrst%
� LDR 1, abackdata%
� ADD 1, 1, #56
� MOV 2, #200
� .clsloop%
� LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
� STMIA 0!, {3-14}
� LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
� STMIA 0!, {3-14}
LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
STMIA 0!, {3-14}
LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
" STMIA 0!, {3-14}
, LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
6 STMIA 0!, {3-14}
@ LDMIA 1!, {3-14}
J STMIA 0!, {3-14}
T ]
^
� VGA% �
h [OPT pass%
r ADD 0, 0, #hadd%-hpix%
| ]
� �
� [OPT pass%
� SUBS 2, 2, #1
� BNE clsloop%
� LDR 13, aspcls%
� LDR PC, alrcls%
� ]
��
��
�:
�<� �plotfrag(pass%) :� macro to plot a row (20 pixels)
�-[OPT pass% :� of our sprite
�ELDMIA 0, {4-6} ;read 3 words of screen (12 pixels)
8LDMIA 1!, {7-9} ;read 12 sprite pixels
-LDMIA 3!, {10-12} ;& 12 masks
@BIC 4, 4, 10 ;apply mask to screen, zeroing
&?BIC 5, 5, 11 ; those bits where will write
0<BIC 6, 6, 12 ; sprite image in a moment
:;�R 4, 4, 7 ;write in the sprite image
D�R 5, 5, 8
N�R 6, 6, 9
XBSTMIA 0!, {4-6} ;restore the data back to screen
bDLDMIA 0, {4-5} ;read 2 words of screen (8 pixels)
l7LDMIA 1!, {7-8} ;read 8 sprite pixels
v,LDMIA 3!, {10-11} ;& 8 masks
�BIC 4, 4, 10
�BIC 5, 5, 11
��R 4, 4, 7
��R 5, 5, 8
�BSTMIA 0!, {4-5} ;restore the data back to screen
�]
�
=pass%
�:
�6� �collfrag(pass%) :� macro to coll check a row
�9[OPT pass% :� (20 pixels) of our sprite
�ELDMIA 0!, {3-7} ;read 5 words of screen (20 pixels)
�=LDMIA 1!, {8-12} ;read 20 sprite pixel masks
�TST 3, 8
TSTEQ 4, 9
TSTEQ 5, 10
TSTEQ 6, 11
TSTEQ 7, 12
*DBNE gotcoll% ;branch to gotcoll% if any overlap
4D] :� else continue with code after macro
>
=pass%
H:
R=� �statfrag(pass%, m%):� macro to add in regression stats
\@[OPT pass% :� for one pixel (coords u(i),v(i))
fTST 4, #m%
pBEQ P%+8*4
z-ADDNE 6, 6, #1 ; n = n + 1
�0ADDNE 7, 7, 2 ; u = u + u(i)
�0ADDNE 8, 8, 3 ; v = v + v(i)
�ADDNE 5, 2, 3
�SUBNE 14, 3, 2
�9MLANE 9, 5, 14, 9 ; p = p + v(i)^2-u(i)^2
�5MLANE 10, 2, 3, 10 ; q = q + u(i)*v(i)
�]
�
=pass%
�:
�<� �div(pass%, ra, rb, rc, rd) :� macro to set rc=raDIVrb
�[OPT pass%
�MOV rd, rb
� CMP rd, ra, LSR #1
MOVLS rd, rd, LSL #1
CMP rd, ra, LSR #1
BLS P%-2*4
$MOV rc, #0
.CMP ra, rd
8SUBCS ra, ra, rd
BADC rc, rc, rc
L MOV rd, rd, LSR #1
VCMP rd, rb
`BHS P%-5*4
j]
t
=pass%
� 00000000 0d 00 0a 0c f4 20 3e 42 61 6c 6c 73 0d 00 14 05 |..... >Balls....|
00000010 f4 0d 00 1e 05 3a 0d 00 28 3d f4 20 4e 42 20 70 |.....:..(=. NB p|
00000020 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 70 72 6f 64 |rogram will prod|
00000030 75 63 65 20 61 20 62 65 65 70 20 69 66 20 61 6e |uce a beep if an|
00000040 69 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 73 70 65 65 64 20 66 61 |imation speed fa|
00000050 6c 6c 73 0d 00 32 20 f4 20 62 65 6c 6f 77 20 74 |lls..2 . below t|
00000060 68 65 20 74 61 72 67 65 74 20 66 70 73 20 72 61 |he target fps ra|
00000070 74 65 2e 0d 00 3c 13 74 61 72 67 65 74 66 70 73 |te...<.targetfps|
00000080 25 20 3d 20 35 30 0d 00 46 41 e7 20 31 30 30 83 |% = 50..FA. 100.|
00000090 74 61 72 67 65 74 66 70 73 25 3c 3e 30 20 85 20 |targetfps%<>0 . |
000000a0 31 2c 20 22 52 65 71 75 69 72 65 20 74 61 72 67 |1, "Require targ|
000000b0 65 74 66 70 73 20 64 69 76 69 64 65 73 20 69 6e |etfps divides in|
000000c0 74 6f 20 31 30 30 22 0d 00 50 05 3a 0d 00 5a 1e |to 100"..P.:..Z.|
000000d0 c8 99 20 26 32 30 32 38 30 2c 20 30 2c 20 2d 31 |.. &20280, 0, -1|
000000e0 20 b8 20 3b 66 6c 61 67 73 25 0d 00 64 24 e7 20 | . ;flags%..d$. |
000000f0 66 6c 61 67 73 25 20 80 20 31 20 8c 20 61 72 6d |flags% . 1 . arm|
00000100 33 25 3d a3 20 8b 20 61 72 6d 33 25 3d b9 0d 00 |3%=. . arm3%=...|
00000110 6e 05 3a 0d 00 78 32 ee 20 85 20 c8 99 20 36 2c |n.:..x2. . .. 6,|
00000120 31 31 32 2c 31 3a c8 99 20 36 2c 31 31 33 2c 31 |112,1:.. 6,113,1|
00000130 3a f1 20 f6 24 3b 22 20 61 74 20 6c 69 6e 65 20 |:. .$;" at line |
00000140 22 3b 9e 3a e0 0d 00 82 0e 44 25 20 3d 20 b3 28 |";.:.....D% = .(|
00000150 2d 91 29 0d 00 8c 05 3a 0d 00 96 05 db 0d 00 a0 |-.)....:........|
00000160 30 f1 20 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |0. " |
00000170 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 42 20 41 20 4c 20 4c 20 | B A L L |
00000180 53 20 20 20 44 20 45 20 4d 20 4f 22 27 0d 00 aa |S D E M O"'...|
00000190 5c f1 20 22 8f 20 50 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 77 69 |\. ". Program wi|
000001a0 6c 6c 20 62 65 65 70 20 69 66 20 61 6e 69 6d 61 |ll beep if anima|
000001b0 74 69 6f 6e 20 73 70 65 65 64 20 66 61 6c 6c 73 |tion speed falls|
000001c0 20 62 65 6c 6f 77 20 74 68 65 20 74 61 72 67 65 | below the targe|
000001d0 74 20 6f 66 20 22 3b 74 61 72 67 65 74 66 70 73 |t of ";targetfps|
000001e0 25 3b 22 20 66 70 73 2e 22 0d 00 b4 3e f1 20 22 |%;" fps."...>. "|
000001f0 8f 20 50 72 65 73 73 69 6e 67 20 61 6e 79 20 6b |. Pressing any k|
00000200 65 79 20 64 75 72 69 6e 67 20 64 65 6d 6f 20 77 |ey during demo w|
00000210 69 6c 6c 20 61 64 64 20 6f 6e 65 20 6d 6f 72 65 |ill add one more|
00000220 20 62 61 6c 6c 2e 22 0d 00 be 27 f1 20 22 8f 20 | ball."...'. ". |
00000230 50 72 65 73 73 20 45 73 63 61 70 65 20 74 6f 20 |Press Escape to |
00000240 65 6e 64 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 2e 22 27 0d 00 |end program."'..|
00000250 c8 39 e8 20 22 50 6c 65 61 73 65 20 69 6e 70 75 |.9. "Please inpu|
00000260 74 20 53 74 61 6e 64 61 72 64 20 28 30 29 20 6f |t Standard (0) o|
00000270 72 20 56 47 41 20 28 31 29 20 64 69 73 70 6c 61 |r VGA (1) displa|
00000280 79 22 3b 56 47 41 25 0d 00 d2 14 e7 20 56 47 41 |y";VGA%..... VGA|
00000290 25 3c 3e 31 20 56 47 41 25 3d 30 0d 00 dc 05 3a |%<>1 VGA%=0....:|
000002a0 0d 00 e6 0d 68 70 69 78 25 3d 32 38 38 0d 00 f0 |....hpix%=288...|
000002b0 0d 76 70 69 78 25 3d 32 30 30 0d 00 fa 0c e7 20 |.vpix%=200..... |
000002c0 56 47 41 25 20 8c 0d 01 04 0d 20 6d 6f 64 65 25 |VGA% ..... mode%|
000002d0 3d 39 39 0d 01 0e 0f 20 61 76 70 69 78 25 3d 34 |=99.... avpix%=4|
000002e0 30 30 0d 01 18 12 20 68 61 64 64 25 3d 68 70 69 |00.... hadd%=hpi|
000002f0 78 25 2a 32 0d 01 22 0d 20 6c 68 61 64 64 25 3d |x%*2..". lhadd%=|
00000300 36 0d 01 2c 05 cc 0d 01 36 0d 20 6d 6f 64 65 25 |6..,....6. mode%|
00000310 3d 39 38 0d 01 40 0f 20 61 76 70 69 78 25 3d 32 |=98..@. avpix%=2|
00000320 30 30 0d 01 4a 10 20 68 61 64 64 25 3d 68 70 69 |00..J. hadd%=hpi|
00000330 78 25 0d 01 54 0d 20 6c 68 61 64 64 25 3d 35 0d |x%..T. lhadd%=5.|
00000340 01 5e 05 cd 0d 01 68 05 3a 0d 01 72 14 de 20 62 |.^....h.:..r.. b|
00000350 61 6c 6c 64 61 74 61 25 20 32 35 36 30 0d 01 7c |alldata% 2560..||
00000360 45 c8 99 20 22 4f 53 5f 46 69 6c 65 22 2c 20 32 |E.. "OS_File", 2|
00000370 35 35 2c 20 22 3c 42 61 6c 6c 73 24 44 69 72 3e |55, "<Balls$Dir>|
00000380 2e 52 65 73 6f 75 72 63 65 73 2e 42 61 6c 6c 44 |.Resources.BallD|
00000390 61 74 61 22 2c 20 62 61 6c 6c 64 61 74 61 25 2c |ata", balldata%,|
000003a0 20 30 0d 01 86 15 de 20 62 61 63 6b 64 61 74 61 | 0..... backdata|
000003b0 25 20 35 37 36 35 36 0d 01 90 44 c8 99 20 22 4f |% 57656...D.. "O|
000003c0 53 5f 46 69 6c 65 22 2c 20 32 35 35 2c 20 22 3c |S_File", 255, "<|
000003d0 42 61 6c 6c 73 24 44 69 72 3e 2e 52 65 73 6f 75 |Balls$Dir>.Resou|
000003e0 72 63 65 73 2e 42 61 63 6b 53 70 72 22 2c 20 62 |rces.BackSpr", b|
000003f0 61 63 6b 64 61 74 61 25 2c 20 30 0d 01 9a 05 3a |ackdata%, 0....:|
00000400 0d 01 a4 19 de 20 76 62 6c 69 6e 25 20 38 2c 20 |..... vblin% 8, |
00000410 76 62 6c 6f 75 74 25 20 38 0d 01 ae 1b 21 76 62 |vblout% 8....!vb|
00000420 6c 69 6e 25 3d 31 34 38 3a 76 62 6c 69 6e 25 21 |lin%=148:vblin%!|
00000430 34 3d 2d 31 0d 01 b8 0f eb 20 6d 6f 64 65 25 2b |4=-1..... mode%+|
00000440 31 32 38 0d 01 c2 2d c8 99 20 22 4f 53 5f 52 65 |128...-.. "OS_Re|
00000450 61 64 56 64 75 56 61 72 69 61 62 6c 65 73 22 2c |adVduVariables",|
00000460 20 76 62 6c 69 6e 25 2c 20 76 62 6c 6f 75 74 25 | vblin%, vblout%|
00000470 0d 01 cc 14 73 63 72 73 74 32 25 3d 21 76 62 6c |....scrst2%=!vbl|
00000480 6f 75 74 25 0d 01 d6 0b eb 20 6d 6f 64 65 25 0d |out%..... mode%.|
00000490 01 e0 2d c8 99 20 22 4f 53 5f 52 65 61 64 56 64 |..-.. "OS_ReadVd|
000004a0 75 56 61 72 69 61 62 6c 65 73 22 2c 20 76 62 6c |uVariables", vbl|
000004b0 69 6e 25 2c 20 76 62 6c 6f 75 74 25 0d 01 ea 14 |in%, vblout%....|
000004c0 73 63 72 73 74 31 25 3d 21 76 62 6c 6f 75 74 25 |scrst1%=!vblout%|
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000024d0 4d 50 20 20 20 20 20 20 33 2c 20 23 31 36 0d 0b |MP 3, #16..|
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00002530 20 39 0d 0b ea 15 20 41 44 44 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 9.... ADD |
00002540 35 2c 20 37 2c 20 38 0d 0b f4 16 20 53 55 42 20 |5, 7, 8.... SUB |
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000025e0 20 31 30 2c 20 31 30 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 10, 10 |
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000026b0 37 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |7 |
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000026e0 38 2c 20 23 30 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |8, #0 |
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000027b0 31 32 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 77 68 |12 ;wh|
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00002980 3d 20 32 35 36 61 70 5e 32 2f 28 61 70 5e 32 2b |= 256ap^2/(ap^2+|
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000029c0 20 30 2c 20 31 33 2c 20 31 32 2c 20 31 29 20 20 | 0, 13, 12, 1) |
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00002a30 72 65 20 72 6f 6f 74 20 74 0d 0d 20 3c 20 4c 44 |re root t.. < LD|
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00002df0 20 43 4d 50 20 20 20 20 20 20 34 2c 23 32 20 20 | CMP 4,#2 |
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00002ec0 37 2c 20 7b 35 2c 20 36 7d 0d 0e 10 40 20 4d 4f |7, {5, 6}...@ MO|
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00002f30 20 36 2c 20 36 0d 0e 2e 1c 20 82 20 20 20 20 20 | 6, 6.... . |
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00002f50 32 0d 0e 38 1c 20 82 20 20 20 20 20 20 35 2c 20 |2..8. . 5, |
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00002f80 2c 20 36 7d 0d 0e 4c 37 20 4c 44 52 20 20 20 20 |, 6}..L7 LDR |
00002f90 20 20 37 2c 20 61 73 69 6e 63 6f 73 25 20 20 20 | 7, asincos% |
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00002fc0 80 20 20 20 20 20 20 35 2c 20 35 2c 20 23 32 35 |. 5, 5, #25|
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00003050 20 36 7d 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 6a | 6} ;j|
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00003140 20 73 6f 6d 65 20 76 65 6c 6f 63 69 74 79 20 74 | some velocity t|
00003150 68 61 74 0d 0e 9c 46 20 53 55 42 20 20 20 20 20 |hat...F SUB |
00003160 20 38 2c 20 38 2c 20 39 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 8, 8, 9 |
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00003180 20 62 61 6c 6c 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 73 74 75 63 6b | ball from stuck|
00003190 20 70 6f 73 69 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0e a6 1a 20 4d 4f | position.... MO|
000031a0 56 20 20 20 20 20 20 32 2c 20 37 2c 20 41 53 52 |V 2, 7, ASR|
000031b0 20 23 38 0d 0e b0 30 20 4d 4f 56 20 20 20 20 20 | #8...0 MOV |
000031c0 20 33 2c 20 38 2c 20 41 53 52 20 23 38 20 20 20 | 3, 8, ASR #8 |
000031d0 20 20 20 20 20 3b 2e 2e 2e 20 62 6f 64 67 65 20 | ;... bodge |
000031e0 65 6e 64 0d 0e ba 14 20 43 4d 50 20 20 20 20 20 |end.... CMP |
000031f0 20 34 2c 20 23 31 36 0d 0e c4 19 20 42 4c 54 20 | 4, #16.... BLT |
00003200 20 20 20 20 20 6d 6f 76 65 6e 63 68 65 63 6b 25 | movencheck%|
00003210 0d 0e ce 14 20 4d 4f 56 20 20 20 20 20 20 50 43 |.... MOV PC|
00003220 2c 20 31 34 0d 0e d8 06 20 3a 0d 0e e2 24 20 2e |, 14.... :...$ .|
00003230 61 73 69 6e 63 6f 73 25 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |asincos% |
00003240 20 20 45 51 55 44 20 73 69 6e 63 6f 73 25 0d 0e | EQUD sincos%..|
00003250 ec 1d 20 2e 73 65 65 64 25 20 20 20 45 51 55 44 |.. .seed% EQUD|
00003260 20 2d 31 3a 45 51 55 44 20 2d 31 0d 0e f6 46 20 | -1:EQUD -1...F |
00003270 2e 70 61 74 63 68 31 25 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |.patch1% |
00003280 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 61 20 | ;a |
00003290 70 61 74 63 68 20 74 6f 20 64 65 61 6c 20 77 69 |patch to deal wi|
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000032c0 31 2c 20 61 63 6f 6c 6c 72 65 67 73 25 20 20 20 |1, acollregs% |
000032d0 20 20 20 3b 77 68 65 72 65 20 6e 6f 20 6c 69 6e | ;where no lin|
000032e0 65 61 72 20 72 65 67 72 65 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 65 |ear regression e|
000032f0 78 69 73 74 73 0d 0f 0a 44 20 4c 44 4d 49 41 20 |xists...D LDMIA |
00003300 20 20 20 31 31 2c 20 7b 30 2d 34 2c 31 32 2c 31 | 11, {0-4,12,1|
00003310 33 2c 31 34 7d 20 20 3b 28 65 67 20 77 68 65 72 |3,14} ;(eg wher|
00003320 65 20 63 6f 6c 6c 69 73 69 6f 6e 20 69 6e 76 6f |e collision invo|
00003330 6c 76 65 73 20 6f 6e 6c 79 0d 0f 14 2e 20 53 55 |lves only.... SU|
00003340 42 20 20 20 20 20 20 32 2c 20 32 2c 20 32 2c 20 |B 2, 2, 2, |
00003350 41 53 4c 20 23 38 20 20 20 20 20 3b 20 6f 6e 65 |ASL #8 ; one|
00003360 20 70 69 78 65 6c 29 0d 0f 1e 3d 20 53 55 42 20 | pixel)...= SUB |
00003370 20 20 20 20 20 33 2c 20 33 2c 20 33 2c 20 41 53 | 3, 3, 3, AS|
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000036f0 20 53 54 4d 49 41 20 20 20 20 30 21 2c 20 7b 33 | STMIA 0!, {3|
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00003840 20 20 20 20 50 43 2c 20 61 6c 72 63 6c 73 25 0d | PC, alrcls%.|
00003850 10 c2 06 20 5d 0d 10 cc 05 ed 0d 10 d6 05 e1 0d |... ]...........|
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000039c0 20 20 20 20 35 2c 20 35 2c 20 31 31 20 20 20 20 | 5, 5, 11 |
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00003b60 20 7b 31 30 2d 31 31 7d 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | {10-11} |
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00003ce0 20 20 20 31 21 2c 20 7b 38 2d 31 32 7d 20 20 20 | 1!, {8-12} |
00003cf0 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 72 65 61 64 20 32 30 | ;read 20|
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00003d10 73 6b 73 0d 11 f8 11 54 53 54 20 20 20 20 20 20 |sks....TST |
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00003d30 20 34 2c 20 39 0d 12 0c 12 54 53 54 45 51 20 20 | 4, 9....TSTEQ |
00003d40 20 20 35 2c 20 31 30 0d 12 16 12 54 53 54 45 51 | 5, 10....TSTEQ|
00003d50 20 20 20 20 36 2c 20 31 31 0d 12 20 12 54 53 54 | 6, 11.. .TST|
00003d60 45 51 20 20 20 20 37 2c 20 31 32 0d 12 2a 44 42 |EQ 7, 12..*DB|
00003d70 4e 45 20 20 20 20 20 20 67 6f 74 63 6f 6c 6c 25 |NE gotcoll%|
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00003da0 20 69 66 20 61 6e 79 20 6f 76 65 72 6c 61 70 0d | if any overlap.|
00003db0 12 34 44 5d 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |.4D] |
00003dc0 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3a f4 20 20 | :. |
00003dd0 65 6c 73 65 20 63 6f 6e 74 69 6e 75 65 20 77 69 |else continue wi|
00003de0 74 68 20 63 6f 64 65 20 61 66 74 65 72 20 6d 61 |th code after ma|
00003df0 63 72 6f 0d 12 3e 0a 3d 70 61 73 73 25 0d 12 48 |cro..>.=pass%..H|
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00003e20 61 63 72 6f 20 74 6f 20 61 64 64 20 69 6e 20 72 |acro to add in r|
00003e30 65 67 72 65 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 73 74 61 74 73 0d |egression stats.|
00003e40 12 5c 40 5b 4f 50 54 20 70 61 73 73 25 20 20 20 |.\@[OPT pass% |
00003e50 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3a f4 20 66 | :. f|
00003e60 6f 72 20 6f 6e 65 20 70 69 78 65 6c 20 28 63 6f |or one pixel (co|
00003e70 6f 72 64 73 20 75 28 69 29 2c 76 28 69 29 29 0d |ords u(i),v(i)).|
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00003e90 23 6d 25 0d 12 70 14 42 45 51 20 20 20 20 20 20 |#m%..p.BEQ |
00003ea0 20 50 25 2b 38 2a 34 0d 12 7a 2d 41 44 44 4e 45 | P%+8*4..z-ADDNE|
00003eb0 20 20 20 20 20 36 2c 20 36 2c 20 23 31 20 20 20 | 6, 6, #1 |
00003ec0 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 20 6e 20 3d 20 6e | ; n = n|
00003ed0 20 2b 20 31 0d 12 84 30 41 44 44 4e 45 20 20 20 | + 1...0ADDNE |
00003ee0 20 20 37 2c 20 37 2c 20 32 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 7, 7, 2 |
00003ef0 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 20 75 20 3d 20 75 20 2b 20 | ; u = u + |
00003f00 75 28 69 29 0d 12 8e 30 41 44 44 4e 45 20 20 20 |u(i)...0ADDNE |
00003f10 20 20 38 2c 20 38 2c 20 33 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 8, 8, 3 |
00003f20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 20 76 20 3d 20 76 20 2b 20 | ; v = v + |
00003f30 76 28 69 29 0d 12 98 15 41 44 44 4e 45 20 20 20 |v(i)....ADDNE |
00003f40 20 20 35 2c 20 32 2c 20 33 0d 12 a2 16 53 55 42 | 5, 2, 3....SUB|
00003f50 4e 45 20 20 20 20 20 31 34 2c 20 33 2c 20 32 0d |NE 14, 3, 2.|
00003f60 12 ac 39 4d 4c 41 4e 45 20 20 20 20 20 39 2c 20 |..9MLANE 9, |
00003f70 35 2c 20 31 34 2c 20 39 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |5, 14, 9 |
00003f80 20 3b 20 70 20 3d 20 70 20 2b 20 76 28 69 29 5e | ; p = p + v(i)^|
00003f90 32 2d 75 28 69 29 5e 32 0d 12 b6 35 4d 4c 41 4e |2-u(i)^2...5MLAN|
00003fa0 45 20 20 20 20 20 31 30 2c 20 32 2c 20 33 2c 20 |E 10, 2, 3, |
00003fb0 31 30 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3b 20 71 20 3d 20 |10 ; q = |
00003fc0 71 20 2b 20 75 28 69 29 2a 76 28 69 29 0d 12 c0 |q + u(i)*v(i)...|
00003fd0 05 5d 0d 12 ca 0a 3d 70 61 73 73 25 0d 12 d4 05 |.]....=pass%....|
00003fe0 3a 0d 12 de 3c dd 20 a4 64 69 76 28 70 61 73 73 |:...<. .div(pass|
00003ff0 25 2c 20 72 61 2c 20 72 62 2c 20 72 63 2c 20 72 |%, ra, rb, rc, r|
00004000 64 29 20 3a f4 20 6d 61 63 72 6f 20 74 6f 20 73 |d) :. macro to s|
00004010 65 74 20 72 63 3d 72 61 44 49 56 72 62 0d 12 e8 |et rc=raDIVrb...|
00004020 0e 5b 4f 50 54 20 70 61 73 73 25 0d 12 f2 14 4d |.[OPT pass%....M|
00004030 4f 56 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 72 64 2c 20 72 62 0d |OV rd, rb.|
00004040 12 fc 1c 43 4d 50 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 72 64 2c |...CMP rd,|
00004050 20 72 61 2c 20 4c 53 52 20 23 31 0d 13 06 1c 4d | ra, LSR #1....M|
00004060 4f 56 4c 53 20 20 20 20 20 72 64 2c 20 72 64 2c |OVLS rd, rd,|
00004070 20 4c 53 4c 20 23 31 0d 13 10 1c 43 4d 50 20 20 | LSL #1....CMP |
00004080 20 20 20 20 20 72 64 2c 20 72 61 2c 20 4c 53 52 | rd, ra, LSR|
00004090 20 23 31 0d 13 1a 14 42 4c 53 20 20 20 20 20 20 | #1....BLS |
000040a0 20 50 25 2d 32 2a 34 0d 13 24 14 4d 4f 56 20 20 | P%-2*4..$.MOV |
000040b0 20 20 20 20 20 72 63 2c 20 23 30 0d 13 2e 14 43 | rc, #0....C|
000040c0 4d 50 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 72 61 2c 20 72 64 0d |MP ra, rd.|
000040d0 13 38 18 53 55 42 43 53 20 20 20 20 20 72 61 2c |.8.SUBCS ra,|
000040e0 20 72 61 2c 20 72 64 0d 13 42 18 41 44 43 20 20 | ra, rd..B.ADC |
000040f0 20 20 20 20 20 72 63 2c 20 72 63 2c 20 72 63 0d | rc, rc, rc.|
00004100 13 4c 1c 4d 4f 56 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 72 64 2c |.L.MOV rd,|
00004110 20 72 64 2c 20 4c 53 52 20 23 31 0d 13 56 14 43 | rd, LSR #1..V.C|
00004120 4d 50 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 72 64 2c 20 72 62 0d |MP rd, rb.|
00004130 13 60 14 42 48 53 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 50 25 2d |.`.BHS P%-|
00004140 35 2a 34 0d 13 6a 05 5d 0d 13 74 0a 3d 70 61 73 |5*4..j.]..t.=pas|
00004150 73 25 0d ff |s%..|
00004154 
.