Home » Archimedes archive » Acorn User » AU 1997-01 B.adf » Regulars » StarInfo/Allen/!Ignotum/Formulae/Formulae/Wave

StarInfo/Allen/!Ignotum/Formulae/Formulae/Wave

This website contains an archive of files for the Acorn Electron, BBC Micro, Acorn Archimedes, Commodore 16 and Commodore 64 computers, which Dominic Ford has rescued from his private collection of floppy disks and cassettes.

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# Physics > Waves

# New entries should take the form of:
#     Formula
#     Note 1
#     Note 2
#     Note 3
#     Note 4
#     Note 5
#     Formula
#     Note 1
#     And so on...
# To fit snugly into the window, each line should be no longer
# than 42 characters.
# There is a limit of 25 formulas per topic.

# Any notes should be made here, at the beginning and should
# be preceeded by a hash (#).

c=fl
Where:
c=wave speed
f=frequency
l=wavelength

c=x(k/m)^�
For compression waves in a mass-spring
system:
c=wave speed
x=spacing, m=mass
k='spring' constant
c=(E/d)^�
For a sound wave in a solid:
c=wave speed
E=Young modulus
d=density

c=(T/u)^�
For a transverse wave in a string:
c=wave speed
T=tension force
u=mass per unit length

c=1/(eu)^�
For electromagnetic waves in free space:
c=wave speed
e=permittivity of free space
u=permeability of free space

l=sx/L
In Young's fringe experiment:
l=wavelength
s=slit spacing
x=fringe separation
L=distance from slits to fringes
sinX=nl/b
For single slit diffraction:
X=angles of minima
n=minima number
l=wavelength
b=slit width
sinX=nl/s
For diffraction gratings:
X=angles of maxima
n=maxima number
l=wavelength
s=grating spacing






































































































00000000  23 20 50 68 79 73 69 63  73 20 3e 20 57 61 76 65  |# Physics > Wave|
00000010  73 0a 0a 23 20 4e 65 77  20 65 6e 74 72 69 65 73  |s..# New entries|
00000020  20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20  74 61 6b 65 20 74 68 65  | should take the|
00000030  20 66 6f 72 6d 20 6f 66  3a 0a 23 20 20 20 20 20  | form of:.#     |
00000040  46 6f 72 6d 75 6c 61 0a  23 20 20 20 20 20 4e 6f  |Formula.#     No|
00000050  74 65 20 31 0a 23 20 20  20 20 20 4e 6f 74 65 20  |te 1.#     Note |
00000060  32 0a 23 20 20 20 20 20  4e 6f 74 65 20 33 0a 23  |2.#     Note 3.#|
00000070  20 20 20 20 20 4e 6f 74  65 20 34 0a 23 20 20 20  |     Note 4.#   |
00000080  20 20 4e 6f 74 65 20 35  0a 23 20 20 20 20 20 46  |  Note 5.#     F|
00000090  6f 72 6d 75 6c 61 0a 23  20 20 20 20 20 4e 6f 74  |ormula.#     Not|
000000a0  65 20 31 0a 23 20 20 20  20 20 41 6e 64 20 73 6f  |e 1.#     And so|
000000b0  20 6f 6e 2e 2e 2e 0a 23  20 54 6f 20 66 69 74 20  | on....# To fit |
000000c0  73 6e 75 67 6c 79 20 69  6e 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20  |snugly into the |
000000d0  77 69 6e 64 6f 77 2c 20  65 61 63 68 20 6c 69 6e  |window, each lin|
000000e0  65 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64  20 62 65 20 6e 6f 20 6c  |e should be no l|
000000f0  6f 6e 67 65 72 0a 23 20  74 68 61 6e 20 34 32 20  |onger.# than 42 |
00000100  63 68 61 72 61 63 74 65  72 73 2e 0a 23 20 54 68  |characters..# Th|
00000110  65 72 65 20 69 73 20 61  20 6c 69 6d 69 74 20 6f  |ere is a limit o|
00000120  66 20 32 35 20 66 6f 72  6d 75 6c 61 73 20 70 65  |f 25 formulas pe|
00000130  72 20 74 6f 70 69 63 2e  0a 0a 23 20 41 6e 79 20  |r topic...# Any |
00000140  6e 6f 74 65 73 20 73 68  6f 75 6c 64 20 62 65 20  |notes should be |
00000150  6d 61 64 65 20 68 65 72  65 2c 20 61 74 20 74 68  |made here, at th|
00000160  65 20 62 65 67 69 6e 6e  69 6e 67 20 61 6e 64 20  |e beginning and |
00000170  73 68 6f 75 6c 64 0a 23  20 62 65 20 70 72 65 63  |should.# be prec|
00000180  65 65 64 65 64 20 62 79  20 61 20 68 61 73 68 20  |eeded by a hash |
00000190  28 23 29 2e 0a 0a 63 3d  66 6c 0a 57 68 65 72 65  |(#)...c=fl.Where|
000001a0  3a 0a 63 3d 77 61 76 65  20 73 70 65 65 64 0a 66  |:.c=wave speed.f|
000001b0  3d 66 72 65 71 75 65 6e  63 79 0a 6c 3d 77 61 76  |=frequency.l=wav|
000001c0  65 6c 65 6e 67 74 68 0a  0a 63 3d 78 28 6b 2f 6d  |elength..c=x(k/m|
000001d0  29 5e bd 0a 46 6f 72 20  63 6f 6d 70 72 65 73 73  |)^..For compress|
000001e0  69 6f 6e 20 77 61 76 65  73 20 69 6e 20 61 20 6d  |ion waves in a m|
000001f0  61 73 73 2d 73 70 72 69  6e 67 0a 73 79 73 74 65  |ass-spring.syste|
00000200  6d 3a 0a 63 3d 77 61 76  65 20 73 70 65 65 64 0a  |m:.c=wave speed.|
00000210  78 3d 73 70 61 63 69 6e  67 2c 20 6d 3d 6d 61 73  |x=spacing, m=mas|
00000220  73 0a 6b 3d 27 73 70 72  69 6e 67 27 20 63 6f 6e  |s.k='spring' con|
00000230  73 74 61 6e 74 0a 63 3d  28 45 2f 64 29 5e bd 0a  |stant.c=(E/d)^..|
00000240  46 6f 72 20 61 20 73 6f  75 6e 64 20 77 61 76 65  |For a sound wave|
00000250  20 69 6e 20 61 20 73 6f  6c 69 64 3a 0a 63 3d 77  | in a solid:.c=w|
00000260  61 76 65 20 73 70 65 65  64 0a 45 3d 59 6f 75 6e  |ave speed.E=Youn|
00000270  67 20 6d 6f 64 75 6c 75  73 0a 64 3d 64 65 6e 73  |g modulus.d=dens|
00000280  69 74 79 0a 0a 63 3d 28  54 2f 75 29 5e bd 0a 46  |ity..c=(T/u)^..F|
00000290  6f 72 20 61 20 74 72 61  6e 73 76 65 72 73 65 20  |or a transverse |
000002a0  77 61 76 65 20 69 6e 20  61 20 73 74 72 69 6e 67  |wave in a string|
000002b0  3a 0a 63 3d 77 61 76 65  20 73 70 65 65 64 0a 54  |:.c=wave speed.T|
000002c0  3d 74 65 6e 73 69 6f 6e  20 66 6f 72 63 65 0a 75  |=tension force.u|
000002d0  3d 6d 61 73 73 20 70 65  72 20 75 6e 69 74 20 6c  |=mass per unit l|
000002e0  65 6e 67 74 68 0a 0a 63  3d 31 2f 28 65 75 29 5e  |ength..c=1/(eu)^|
000002f0  bd 0a 46 6f 72 20 65 6c  65 63 74 72 6f 6d 61 67  |..For electromag|
00000300  6e 65 74 69 63 20 77 61  76 65 73 20 69 6e 20 66  |netic waves in f|
00000310  72 65 65 20 73 70 61 63  65 3a 0a 63 3d 77 61 76  |ree space:.c=wav|
00000320  65 20 73 70 65 65 64 0a  65 3d 70 65 72 6d 69 74  |e speed.e=permit|
00000330  74 69 76 69 74 79 20 6f  66 20 66 72 65 65 20 73  |tivity of free s|
00000340  70 61 63 65 0a 75 3d 70  65 72 6d 65 61 62 69 6c  |pace.u=permeabil|
00000350  69 74 79 20 6f 66 20 66  72 65 65 20 73 70 61 63  |ity of free spac|
00000360  65 0a 0a 6c 3d 73 78 2f  4c 0a 49 6e 20 59 6f 75  |e..l=sx/L.In You|
00000370  6e 67 27 73 20 66 72 69  6e 67 65 20 65 78 70 65  |ng's fringe expe|
00000380  72 69 6d 65 6e 74 3a 0a  6c 3d 77 61 76 65 6c 65  |riment:.l=wavele|
00000390  6e 67 74 68 0a 73 3d 73  6c 69 74 20 73 70 61 63  |ngth.s=slit spac|
000003a0  69 6e 67 0a 78 3d 66 72  69 6e 67 65 20 73 65 70  |ing.x=fringe sep|
000003b0  61 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 0a  4c 3d 64 69 73 74 61 6e  |aration.L=distan|
000003c0  63 65 20 66 72 6f 6d 20  73 6c 69 74 73 20 74 6f  |ce from slits to|
000003d0  20 66 72 69 6e 67 65 73  0a 73 69 6e 58 3d 6e 6c  | fringes.sinX=nl|
000003e0  2f 62 0a 46 6f 72 20 73  69 6e 67 6c 65 20 73 6c  |/b.For single sl|
000003f0  69 74 20 64 69 66 66 72  61 63 74 69 6f 6e 3a 0a  |it diffraction:.|
00000400  58 3d 61 6e 67 6c 65 73  20 6f 66 20 6d 69 6e 69  |X=angles of mini|
00000410  6d 61 0a 6e 3d 6d 69 6e  69 6d 61 20 6e 75 6d 62  |ma.n=minima numb|
00000420  65 72 0a 6c 3d 77 61 76  65 6c 65 6e 67 74 68 0a  |er.l=wavelength.|
00000430  62 3d 73 6c 69 74 20 77  69 64 74 68 0a 73 69 6e  |b=slit width.sin|
00000440  58 3d 6e 6c 2f 73 0a 46  6f 72 20 64 69 66 66 72  |X=nl/s.For diffr|
00000450  61 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 67  72 61 74 69 6e 67 73 3a  |action gratings:|
00000460  0a 58 3d 61 6e 67 6c 65  73 20 6f 66 20 6d 61 78  |.X=angles of max|
00000470  69 6d 61 0a 6e 3d 6d 61  78 69 6d 61 20 6e 75 6d  |ima.n=maxima num|
00000480  62 65 72 0a 6c 3d 77 61  76 65 6c 65 6e 67 74 68  |ber.l=wavelength|
00000490  0a 73 3d 67 72 61 74 69  6e 67 20 73 70 61 63 69  |.s=grating spaci|
000004a0  6e 67 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a  0a 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a  |ng..............|
000004b0  0a 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a  0a 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a  |................|
*
00000500  0a 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a  0a                       |.........|
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