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!Install/Files/WebDoc

This website contains an archive of files for the Acorn Electron, BBC Micro, Acorn Archimedes, Commodore 16 and Commodore 64 computers, which Dominic Ford has rescued from his private collection of floppy disks and cassettes.

Some of these files were originally commercial releases in the 1980s and 1990s, but they are now widely available online. I assume that copyright over them is no longer being asserted. If you own the copyright and would like files to be removed, please contact me.

Tape/disk: Home » Recent acquisitions » Acorn ADFS disks » adfs_AcornUser_199801_2.adf » PenDnHTML
Filename: !Install/Files/WebDoc
Read OK:
File size: 4B20 bytes
Load address: 0000
Exec address: 0000
File contents
FPFPx@p�H�T Tt�D	�) ,t�t��7-�]7]7]7]7����||,#t�t��7-�]7]7]7]7���� ��,Gt�t��7-�]7]7]7]7����|��,y����3Ÿ]7]7]7]7�����,�t�t��7-�]7]7]7]7�������,�t�t��7-�]7]7]7]7����TT,�t�t��7-�]7]7]7]7�������,t�t��7-�]7]7]7]7����T<<-t�t��7-�]7]7]7]7�����Trinity.MediumTrinity.BoldHomerton.BoldCorpus.MediumHomerton.MediumBody text�K KdTitle5�K KdTypewriter�K K*dHeading 2�I0IdList term�I0Id	List definiton0I8d
ody text<'�� dRuler 3�� h#9#�Ruler 4�� h#9#��DVXCreating HTML Documents in PenDown DTP

You can use PenDown DTP to create HTML documents for the World Wide Web on the Internet. However, you will need the extra application, !PDtoHTML, to turn the PenDown DTP document into HTML

This document explains how to create a document in PenDown DTP suitable for conversion to HTML and how to use the PDtoHTML application. Its contents are as follows:


Introductionintro	

	Why a desk top published document is not the same as an HTML document.

The Rulesrules		

	How to create a document in PenDown DTP so that it is suitable for conversion to HTML.

"Predefined typestylesstyles"	

	How special, predefined typestyles are treated during conversion to HTML in order to create elements in the HTML document which can be understood by Web browser applications.

)The HTML Level in PenDown DTPlevel)	

	An extra level to add to Levels 1, 2 and 3 to help with the creation of HTML documents.

,Using the PDtoHTML converterconverter,	

	How to run and use !PDtoHTML.

Introductionintro�

Before you start, there are a number matters to take into consideration:

1.	HTML documents are not desk top publishing documents. They do not, for example, contain separate pages, frames or text flowing from one column to another. So you cannot use all of PenDown DTP's features when creating an HTML document.

2.	You cannot guarantee what kind of computer the document will be viewed on or what features the viewer's Web browser software will support. You cannot be sure, for example, what fonts will be available. Therefore, you cannot expect any HTML document you create to look exactly as it does in PenDown DTP.

3.	HTML tends to specify informational elements within a document rather than stylistic elements. Thus, it handles concepts such as headings and lists without necessarily defining how they should appear. That is up to the Web browser software. However, some stylistic features, e.g. bold and italic, are supported.

4.	There are three points to note about graphics:

	(i)	Images in HTML are displayed "in-line" i.e. as though they were part of the text. Images in PenDown DTP appear in frames and can be anywhere on a page.
	(ii)	HTML images are stored outside the document and are referenced by a file path whereas PenDown DTP images are part of the document.
	(iii)	HTML images are usually file types which are common to a number of different types of computer (e.g. JPEG or GIF files). PenDown DTP handles only Acorn native formats (Sprites and DrawFiles).
	More information on handling imagesimages is given below.

These considerations place constraints on what you can do to a document in PenDown DTP for it to be converted successfully into an HTML document. However, if you follow the rules which are detailed below, there is no reason why you cannot have something up and running for the World Wide Web with very little difficulty.

You will certainly not need to know anything about HTML itself!
The Rulesrules	�

These "rules" are guidelines on how to create an HTML document in PenDown DTP.


1. Pages

HTML documents do not have pages as such. When the PenDown DTP document is converted, pages will be ignored and the text will be treated as continuous. You can divide HTML text with horizontal rules; do this in PenDown DTP by inserting a "frame advance". Otherwise, continue to use your normal page size in the knowledge that it is of no relevance.

This document contains frame advances (e.g. above, after the text on page 2) which will become horizontal rules when converted to HTML.


2. Text

An HTML document consists of a single text story. You must ensure your PenDown DTP document also contains just one story. For this reason, you are advised to use PenDown DTP in "click and type" mode and with "auto text linking" switched on. This way your text will run on from page to page.


3. Word-wrap and paragraphs

Because you do not know what font or page width any one Web browser might use, you cannot be sure that lines will break exactly as in PenDown DTP. However, continuous text will word-wrap in the HTML document and entering a line-feed character (i.e. pressing the Return key) will ensure a line break. Two consecutive line-feeds in the PenDown DTP document will be interpreted as a paragraph break when converted to HTML.


4. Typestyles

An HTML document will contain not only "normal" text but also special text items such as headings and lists. A Web browser will usually display these in different typestyles. In order to distinguish them in PenDown DTP, a number of typestyles have been predefined. You should use these styles as appropriate only and do the bulk of your writing in the "Body text" typestyle. You can apply bold, italic and underline to body text but these attributes will be ignored elsewhere. Details of how the &predefined typestylespredefined& relate to the elements of an HTML document are given below.


5. Tabs and indents

Tabbing in HTML is very uncertain because so much relates to font size, page width and display capabilities and, as we have seen, these cannot be guaranteed for all computers or Web browsers. Tabs will be included in the HTML document created from PenDown DTP but be aware that each tab or indent will normally be displayed as a single space.


6. Justification

The extent to which Web browsers provide different kinds of justification, or alignment, varies. The default is for text to be left justified. Most browsers also support centred text. When converting to HTML, all centred text in PenDown DTP will be centred. All other forms of justification will be rendered as left aligned. Therefore, it is suggested that you do not use full or right justification in your PenDown DTP document.

Note that the headings in this document are centred and should remain centred after conversion to HTML.


7. Characters

All the standard text characters can be used in HTML. Specifically, these are those with ASCII codes as follows: 32 to 126 and 161 to 255. If you load the RISC OS application, !Chars, these are the characters in rows 2, 3, 4 (except the last), 6 (except the first), 7 and 8. Special PenDown DTP characters (e.g. automatic page numbers and the date tokens) will be ignored.


8. Hypertext

Both PenDown DTP and HTML provide for hypertext linking. However, of all the button types available in PenDown DTP, only two are common to both PenDown DTP and HTML. These are link to reference point and link to document. You may use these but the other types will be ignored. In the case of a link to a document, you can either enter the leaf name from the document's file path (provided that it is in the same directory as the HTML document that you create) or its full path name. You will often wish to create a link to a document elsewhere on the Web. In this case enter the complete URL, e.g. after conversion and when displayed in a Web browser connected to the Internet, the following will take you to the Logotron home page: ,Logotron Home Pagehttp://www.logo.com,ag.

You may wish to include a link which automatically provides the reader of your HTML document with the opportunity to send an e-mail message. To do this, the URL should begin with "mailto:" (followed by the intended recipient's e-mail address) instead of the "http:" found in normal hypertext links. The button type must still be a link to document. Thus, the following link will initiate an e-mail message to request information from Logotron: (info@logo.commailto:info@logo.com
(.


9. Imagesimages	�

As explained above, HTML specifies images as references to image files outside the HTML document, these files usually being of a commonly understood format such as GIF or JPEG. Therefore, do not include graphics in your PenDown DTP document as these will be ignored.

However, you can reference image files outside the document. To do this, use a merge field within the PenDown DTP document. Simply insert a field (on the Text.Insert menu, or the "CSV" icon on the "Text edit" tool bar, or press Ctrl-F) and type in the path name of the image file. If it is to be stored in the same directory as the HTML document file, then only the leaf name of the image file need be given. Note that, because of the convention on other computer systems, image filenames are often appended by a three-character extension which describes the file type. Under RISC OS, this extension is usually preceded by a forward slash character, e.g. a GIF file called "mypic" may have the filename, "mypic/gif".

An image file reference include in this way will be included, in-line, by the Web browser when in comes to display the HTML document. So, although the image is not displayed in PenDown DTP, it will be displayed once viewed on the Web.

If you convert this document to HTML and save the resultant HTML file in same directory, then the accompanying GIF file, "WebPic", will be displayed below.

WebPic

Images can be displayed, for example, side by side and centred, as below.

WebPicWebPic



10. Background

The paper colour of your PenDown DTP document will not be included as part of the HTML conversion. Instead, you are offered a choice, when the the document is converted by the PDtoHTML application, between the default background (whatever the Web browser provides, usually a pale grey), a specific colour and an image file. In the case of an image file, the background will be tiled with multiple copies of the image. The image is often one depicting a texture. You can choose both background image and background colour, the former being used in preference, the latter being used by those browsers unable to render the image.
predefined�"Predefined Typestylesstyles�"

When the PDtoHTML conversion application converts your PenDown DTP document to HTML it will expect the text to have been written using some predefined typestyles. It will relate these style names to particular elements of HTML.

Your normal text ought to use the "Body text" typestyle. In fact, any style which is not one of the other predefined styles will automatically be treated as though it were body text.

The other typestyles fall into three categories:


1. Headings

HTML allows for six levels of heading, with heading 1 being the highest in the hierarchy and heading 6 the lowest. Web browsers will normally display a heading in a font which reflects its "seniority" in the order. Thus, heading 1 will use a larger and bolder font, for example, than the rest. HTML does not specify precisely what the font and font size will be and the appearance will vary from one browser application to another. In PenDown DTP, your document should use the predefined styles, "Heading 1", "Heading 2", and so on, for headings, to ensure they are converted correctly. Each heading style should apply to whole lines only. If not, you may find that browsers will insert line breaks in any case.


2. Preformatted text

You may wish to lay some text out on the page and be sure exactly whereabouts it will appear. An example might be a table of columns or a number of lines which are indented by the same number of characters. You cannot tell which font any browser might use, but you can ensure that it uses a non-proportional font, i.e. one with a fixed width for every character. This is called preformatted text in HTML.

In PenDown DTP, use the "Typewriter" typestyle. This is set by default to use the Corpus font which has a fixed character width. When converted to HTML, all "Typewriter" text will be treated as preformatted.

Note that, within preformatted text, tabs are always treated by HTML to represent 8 character widths. This is the exception to the normal in which tabs are displayed as spaces. Be aware that tab settings on the PenDown DTP ruler, which are all defined as measured distances from the left margin, will be ignored.
The following text has been "tabbed" using spaces and will be treated as preformatted:

    Typestyle:     "Typewriter"
    Font:          Corpus.Medium
    Font size:     12 point (fixed width)
    HTML element:  Preformatted text


3. Lists

HTML supports a number of list types, including ordered lists which are automatically numbered. However, there is no equivalent to this within PenDown DTP. There is one list type, though, which can be used. This is called a "definition list" in HTML.

A definition list consists of any number of items where each item is in two parts, a term and a definition. Depending on how much text there is in each part, a list may be displayed by a Web browser in a variety of ways. If the text is short, it may be presented as two tabulated columns, with the terms on the left and their definitions on the right. For more lengthy pieces of text, each term may form a kind of heading with its definition indented below it.

In PenDown DTP, two typestyles, "List term" and "List definition" have been predefined to represent these list elements. In order to create a definition list, use these two styles alternately. Remember, however, as with everything else, it will be up to the browser software to decide how to display the list and it may not look as it does in PenDown DTP. You may need to experiment a little in order to achieve a satisfactory output.

The contents on page 1 of this document is an example of a definition list.


Other styles

All typestyles other than the predefined styles will be treated as body text. You can apply bold and italic modifications and these should be displayed by most browsers. You can also underline text but note that many browsers do not support this.

If a non-predefined style with a point size greater than or less than the body text style is used, then, on conversion to HTML, it will be tagged as big or small respectively. Some browsers support big and small text but, once again, many do not, so be prepared for the unexpected!
)The HTML Level in PenDown DTPlevel�)

A new Level to add to the existing Levels 1, 2 and 3 in PenDown DTP has been created. It is called "HTML". You will need to copy the "HTML" folder, which contains the data for this level, into the Levels folder which is inside the !PenDTP application folder. Once copied, a new "HTML" level will appear on the Levels menu.

The HTML Level sets PenDown DTP up for editing documents which are to be converted into HTML. In particular, it does the following:

1. It defines all the predefined typestyles that the PDtoHTML converter needs.

2. It sets the "paper" colour to grey to give a better approximation to the default background colour used by many Web browser applications.

3. It switches "click and type" mode and "auto text linking" on.

4. It provides a ruler which contains tab stops which align approximately with columns of 8 characters in the Typewriter typestyle (12 point Corpus.Medium). This is useful for handling pre-formatted text.

5. It sets the highlighting for hypertext buttons to blue text on a grey background, giving a better approximation to how they might appear in many Web browser applications.

6. It defines a macro, "Hypertext data", which will search the current document and report on all hypertext buttons, links and reference points found.

7. It defines a macro, "Create HTML", which sends the current document directly to the PDtoHTML conversion application.
,Using the PDtoHTML converterconverter�,

Once you have finished editing your PenDown DTP document, it is ready for conversion to HTML. You are advised to save the original in case you have to return to it to make changes.

Load PDtoHTML by double-clicking the !PDtoHTML application file icon. PDtoHTML will be installed on the icon bar.

To carry out the conversion, either:
1. Use the macro, "Create HTML", or
2. Drag the file icon for the saved document to the PDtoHTML icon, or
3. Drag the file icon from PenDown DTP's save dialogue to the PDtoHTML icon.

If the PenDown DTP document contains more than one text object you will be advised and the conversion will be cancelled.

PDtoHTML will open a dialogue window for the following purposes:

1. To enter a title for the document. This is required by HTML but the title will not appear on the page when the document is subsequently displayed. It is normally for HTML reference only but may be displayed somewhere by the Web browser, e.g. in the browser window's title bar.
2. To choose a background colour and/or image file. The colour is specified by a colour selector dialogue. For an image file, the path to the file must be typed in. If the file is stored in the same directory as the HTML document, then only its leaf name is required.

PDtoHTML will then open its Save dialogue for you to name the HTML document file and to drag the file icon to the folder in which you wish to save it. Remember that any reference made in the document to another document or image, for which you have not given a full pathname, will only work if the files concerned are stored in the correct relative locations to the HTML document you are creating.

The document you are now reading is suitable for conversion to HTML. You are invited to try it to test that everything is working.
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