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!Ignotum/Formulae/Moti

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Filename: !Ignotum/Formulae/Moti
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File contents
# Physics > Motion
speed=distance/time
Note: speed is a scalar product, it does
not incorporate direction, therefore
distance (also scalar) must be used, not
displacement.

v=s/t
Where:
v=velocity
s=displacement
t=time

a=(v-u)/t
Where:
a=acceleration
v=final velocity
u=initial velocity
t=time
v=u+at
Where:
v=final velocity
u=initial velocity
a=acceleration
t=time
v�=u�+2as
Where:
v=final velocity
u=initial velocity
a=acceleration
s=displacement
s=ut+�at�
Where:
s=displacement
u=initial velocity
t=time
a=acceleration
s=�t(u+v)
Where:
s=displacement
t=time
u=initial velocity
v=final velocity
F=ma
Newton's second law. Where:
F=force (in Newtons)
m=mass of object (in kg)
a=acceleration of object (in m/s)

Weight=mg
Where:
m=mass of object
g=gravitational field strength (9.8 N/kg
on Earth)
Note: This is an extension of F=ma
F=-GMm/d�
Where:
F=gravitational force between two objects
G=grav. constant=6.67259 � 10^-11 Nm�/kg�
M and m are the two masses (in kg)
d=distance between the two objects
F=kQq/d�
Where:
F=electrical force between two charges
k=elect. force constant=8.98�10^9 Nm�/C�
Q and q are the two charges (in Coulombs)
d=distance between the two charges
Momentum=mv
Where:
m=mass of object (in kg)
v=velocity of object


Impulse=Ft=mv-mu
Impulse is equal to Ft or the change in
momentum. Where:
F=force, t=time
m=mass of object (in kg)
u and v=initial and final velocity
a=v�/r
For circular motion:
a=acceleration towards centre of circle
v=velocity of object
r=radius of circle

F=mv�/r
For circular motion:
F=force towards centre of circle
m=mass of object
v=velocity of object
r=radius of circle
F=uN
Where:
F=friction force of a moving object
u=coefficient of friction (unique for
every surface)
N=normal force (perpendicular to plane)
P=F/A
Where:
P=pressure (N/m�)
F=force (N)
A=area (m�)

KE=�mv�
Where:
KE=kinetic energy of a moving object (J)
m=mass of object (kg)
v=velocity of object (m/s)

PE=mgh
Where:
PE=potential energy of object (J)
m=mass of object
g=gravitational force (9.8N/kg on Earth)

E=Fd
Where:
E=energy transformed (or work done) (J)
F=force
d=distance that force was done over

P=W/t
Where:
P=power (W)
W=Work done/energy transformed (J)
t=time (s)

moment=Fs
Where:
F=force
s=perpendicular distance from the line of
action of the force to the fulcrum.

E=eV
Where:
E=energy given to an electron accelerated
through an electric field (J)
e=charge on an electron (1.6�10^-19)
V=voltage across field (V)













00000000  23 20 50 68 79 73 69 63  73 20 3e 20 4d 6f 74 69  |# Physics > Moti|
00000010  6f 6e 0a 73 70 65 65 64  3d 64 69 73 74 61 6e 63  |on.speed=distanc|
00000020  65 2f 74 69 6d 65 0a 4e  6f 74 65 3a 20 73 70 65  |e/time.Note: spe|
00000030  65 64 20 69 73 20 61 20  73 63 61 6c 61 72 20 70  |ed is a scalar p|
00000040  72 6f 64 75 63 74 2c 20  69 74 20 64 6f 65 73 0a  |roduct, it does.|
00000050  6e 6f 74 20 69 6e 63 6f  72 70 6f 72 61 74 65 20  |not incorporate |
00000060  64 69 72 65 63 74 69 6f  6e 2c 20 74 68 65 72 65  |direction, there|
00000070  66 6f 72 65 0a 64 69 73  74 61 6e 63 65 20 28 61  |fore.distance (a|
00000080  6c 73 6f 20 73 63 61 6c  61 72 29 20 6d 75 73 74  |lso scalar) must|
00000090  20 62 65 20 75 73 65 64  2c 20 6e 6f 74 0a 64 69  | be used, not.di|
000000a0  73 70 6c 61 63 65 6d 65  6e 74 2e 0a 0a 76 3d 73  |splacement...v=s|
000000b0  2f 74 0a 57 68 65 72 65  3a 0a 76 3d 76 65 6c 6f  |/t.Where:.v=velo|
000000c0  63 69 74 79 0a 73 3d 64  69 73 70 6c 61 63 65 6d  |city.s=displacem|
000000d0  65 6e 74 0a 74 3d 74 69  6d 65 0a 0a 61 3d 28 76  |ent.t=time..a=(v|
000000e0  2d 75 29 2f 74 0a 57 68  65 72 65 3a 0a 61 3d 61  |-u)/t.Where:.a=a|
000000f0  63 63 65 6c 65 72 61 74  69 6f 6e 0a 76 3d 66 69  |cceleration.v=fi|
00000100  6e 61 6c 20 76 65 6c 6f  63 69 74 79 0a 75 3d 69  |nal velocity.u=i|
00000110  6e 69 74 69 61 6c 20 76  65 6c 6f 63 69 74 79 0a  |nitial velocity.|
00000120  74 3d 74 69 6d 65 0a 76  3d 75 2b 61 74 0a 57 68  |t=time.v=u+at.Wh|
00000130  65 72 65 3a 0a 76 3d 66  69 6e 61 6c 20 76 65 6c  |ere:.v=final vel|
00000140  6f 63 69 74 79 0a 75 3d  69 6e 69 74 69 61 6c 20  |ocity.u=initial |
00000150  76 65 6c 6f 63 69 74 79  0a 61 3d 61 63 63 65 6c  |velocity.a=accel|
00000160  65 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 0a  74 3d 74 69 6d 65 0a 76  |eration.t=time.v|
00000170  b2 3d 75 b2 2b 32 61 73  0a 57 68 65 72 65 3a 0a  |.=u.+2as.Where:.|
00000180  76 3d 66 69 6e 61 6c 20  76 65 6c 6f 63 69 74 79  |v=final velocity|
00000190  0a 75 3d 69 6e 69 74 69  61 6c 20 76 65 6c 6f 63  |.u=initial veloc|
000001a0  69 74 79 0a 61 3d 61 63  63 65 6c 65 72 61 74 69  |ity.a=accelerati|
000001b0  6f 6e 0a 73 3d 64 69 73  70 6c 61 63 65 6d 65 6e  |on.s=displacemen|
000001c0  74 0a 73 3d 75 74 2b bd  61 74 b2 0a 57 68 65 72  |t.s=ut+.at..Wher|
000001d0  65 3a 0a 73 3d 64 69 73  70 6c 61 63 65 6d 65 6e  |e:.s=displacemen|
000001e0  74 0a 75 3d 69 6e 69 74  69 61 6c 20 76 65 6c 6f  |t.u=initial velo|
000001f0  63 69 74 79 0a 74 3d 74  69 6d 65 0a 61 3d 61 63  |city.t=time.a=ac|
00000200  63 65 6c 65 72 61 74 69  6f 6e 0a 73 3d bd 74 28  |celeration.s=.t(|
00000210  75 2b 76 29 0a 57 68 65  72 65 3a 0a 73 3d 64 69  |u+v).Where:.s=di|
00000220  73 70 6c 61 63 65 6d 65  6e 74 0a 74 3d 74 69 6d  |splacement.t=tim|
00000230  65 0a 75 3d 69 6e 69 74  69 61 6c 20 76 65 6c 6f  |e.u=initial velo|
00000240  63 69 74 79 0a 76 3d 66  69 6e 61 6c 20 76 65 6c  |city.v=final vel|
00000250  6f 63 69 74 79 0a 46 3d  6d 61 0a 4e 65 77 74 6f  |ocity.F=ma.Newto|
00000260  6e 27 73 20 73 65 63 6f  6e 64 20 6c 61 77 2e 20  |n's second law. |
00000270  57 68 65 72 65 3a 0a 46  3d 66 6f 72 63 65 20 28  |Where:.F=force (|
00000280  69 6e 20 4e 65 77 74 6f  6e 73 29 0a 6d 3d 6d 61  |in Newtons).m=ma|
00000290  73 73 20 6f 66 20 6f 62  6a 65 63 74 20 28 69 6e  |ss of object (in|
000002a0  20 6b 67 29 0a 61 3d 61  63 63 65 6c 65 72 61 74  | kg).a=accelerat|
000002b0  69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 6f  62 6a 65 63 74 20 28 69  |ion of object (i|
000002c0  6e 20 6d 2f 73 29 0a 0a  57 65 69 67 68 74 3d 6d  |n m/s)..Weight=m|
000002d0  67 0a 57 68 65 72 65 3a  0a 6d 3d 6d 61 73 73 20  |g.Where:.m=mass |
000002e0  6f 66 20 6f 62 6a 65 63  74 0a 67 3d 67 72 61 76  |of object.g=grav|
000002f0  69 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 61  6c 20 66 69 65 6c 64 20  |itational field |
00000300  73 74 72 65 6e 67 74 68  20 28 39 2e 38 20 4e 2f  |strength (9.8 N/|
00000310  6b 67 0a 6f 6e 20 45 61  72 74 68 29 0a 4e 6f 74  |kg.on Earth).Not|
00000320  65 3a 20 54 68 69 73 20  69 73 20 61 6e 20 65 78  |e: This is an ex|
00000330  74 65 6e 73 69 6f 6e 20  6f 66 20 46 3d 6d 61 0a  |tension of F=ma.|
00000340  46 3d 2d 47 4d 6d 2f 64  b2 0a 57 68 65 72 65 3a  |F=-GMm/d..Where:|
00000350  0a 46 3d 67 72 61 76 69  74 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c  |.F=gravitational|
00000360  20 66 6f 72 63 65 20 62  65 74 77 65 65 6e 20 74  | force between t|
00000370  77 6f 20 6f 62 6a 65 63  74 73 0a 47 3d 67 72 61  |wo objects.G=gra|
00000380  76 2e 20 63 6f 6e 73 74  61 6e 74 3d 36 2e 36 37  |v. constant=6.67|
00000390  32 35 39 20 d7 20 31 30  5e 2d 31 31 20 4e 6d b2  |259 . 10^-11 Nm.|
000003a0  2f 6b 67 b2 0a 4d 20 61  6e 64 20 6d 20 61 72 65  |/kg..M and m are|
000003b0  20 74 68 65 20 74 77 6f  20 6d 61 73 73 65 73 20  | the two masses |
000003c0  28 69 6e 20 6b 67 29 0a  64 3d 64 69 73 74 61 6e  |(in kg).d=distan|
000003d0  63 65 20 62 65 74 77 65  65 6e 20 74 68 65 20 74  |ce between the t|
000003e0  77 6f 20 6f 62 6a 65 63  74 73 0a 46 3d 6b 51 71  |wo objects.F=kQq|
000003f0  2f 64 b2 0a 57 68 65 72  65 3a 0a 46 3d 65 6c 65  |/d..Where:.F=ele|
00000400  63 74 72 69 63 61 6c 20  66 6f 72 63 65 20 62 65  |ctrical force be|
00000410  74 77 65 65 6e 20 74 77  6f 20 63 68 61 72 67 65  |tween two charge|
00000420  73 0a 6b 3d 65 6c 65 63  74 2e 20 66 6f 72 63 65  |s.k=elect. force|
00000430  20 63 6f 6e 73 74 61 6e  74 3d 38 2e 39 38 d7 31  | constant=8.98.1|
00000440  30 5e 39 20 4e 6d b2 2f  43 b2 0a 51 20 61 6e 64  |0^9 Nm./C..Q and|
00000450  20 71 20 61 72 65 20 74  68 65 20 74 77 6f 20 63  | q are the two c|
00000460  68 61 72 67 65 73 20 28  69 6e 20 43 6f 75 6c 6f  |harges (in Coulo|
00000470  6d 62 73 29 0a 64 3d 64  69 73 74 61 6e 63 65 20  |mbs).d=distance |
00000480  62 65 74 77 65 65 6e 20  74 68 65 20 74 77 6f 20  |between the two |
00000490  63 68 61 72 67 65 73 0a  4d 6f 6d 65 6e 74 75 6d  |charges.Momentum|
000004a0  3d 6d 76 0a 57 68 65 72  65 3a 0a 6d 3d 6d 61 73  |=mv.Where:.m=mas|
000004b0  73 20 6f 66 20 6f 62 6a  65 63 74 20 28 69 6e 20  |s of object (in |
000004c0  6b 67 29 0a 76 3d 76 65  6c 6f 63 69 74 79 20 6f  |kg).v=velocity o|
000004d0  66 20 6f 62 6a 65 63 74  0a 0a 0a 49 6d 70 75 6c  |f object...Impul|
000004e0  73 65 3d 46 74 3d 6d 76  2d 6d 75 0a 49 6d 70 75  |se=Ft=mv-mu.Impu|
000004f0  6c 73 65 20 69 73 20 65  71 75 61 6c 20 74 6f 20  |lse is equal to |
00000500  46 74 20 6f 72 20 74 68  65 20 63 68 61 6e 67 65  |Ft or the change|
00000510  20 69 6e 0a 6d 6f 6d 65  6e 74 75 6d 2e 20 57 68  | in.momentum. Wh|
00000520  65 72 65 3a 0a 46 3d 66  6f 72 63 65 2c 20 74 3d  |ere:.F=force, t=|
00000530  74 69 6d 65 0a 6d 3d 6d  61 73 73 20 6f 66 20 6f  |time.m=mass of o|
00000540  62 6a 65 63 74 20 28 69  6e 20 6b 67 29 0a 75 20  |bject (in kg).u |
00000550  61 6e 64 20 76 3d 69 6e  69 74 69 61 6c 20 61 6e  |and v=initial an|
00000560  64 20 66 69 6e 61 6c 20  76 65 6c 6f 63 69 74 79  |d final velocity|
00000570  0a 61 3d 76 b2 2f 72 0a  46 6f 72 20 63 69 72 63  |.a=v./r.For circ|
00000580  75 6c 61 72 20 6d 6f 74  69 6f 6e 3a 0a 61 3d 61  |ular motion:.a=a|
00000590  63 63 65 6c 65 72 61 74  69 6f 6e 20 74 6f 77 61  |cceleration towa|
000005a0  72 64 73 20 63 65 6e 74  72 65 20 6f 66 20 63 69  |rds centre of ci|
000005b0  72 63 6c 65 0a 76 3d 76  65 6c 6f 63 69 74 79 20  |rcle.v=velocity |
000005c0  6f 66 20 6f 62 6a 65 63  74 0a 72 3d 72 61 64 69  |of object.r=radi|
000005d0  75 73 20 6f 66 20 63 69  72 63 6c 65 0a 0a 46 3d  |us of circle..F=|
000005e0  6d 76 b2 2f 72 0a 46 6f  72 20 63 69 72 63 75 6c  |mv./r.For circul|
000005f0  61 72 20 6d 6f 74 69 6f  6e 3a 0a 46 3d 66 6f 72  |ar motion:.F=for|
00000600  63 65 20 74 6f 77 61 72  64 73 20 63 65 6e 74 72  |ce towards centr|
00000610  65 20 6f 66 20 63 69 72  63 6c 65 0a 6d 3d 6d 61  |e of circle.m=ma|
00000620  73 73 20 6f 66 20 6f 62  6a 65 63 74 0a 76 3d 76  |ss of object.v=v|
00000630  65 6c 6f 63 69 74 79 20  6f 66 20 6f 62 6a 65 63  |elocity of objec|
00000640  74 0a 72 3d 72 61 64 69  75 73 20 6f 66 20 63 69  |t.r=radius of ci|
00000650  72 63 6c 65 0a 46 3d 75  4e 0a 57 68 65 72 65 3a  |rcle.F=uN.Where:|
00000660  0a 46 3d 66 72 69 63 74  69 6f 6e 20 66 6f 72 63  |.F=friction forc|
00000670  65 20 6f 66 20 61 20 6d  6f 76 69 6e 67 20 6f 62  |e of a moving ob|
00000680  6a 65 63 74 0a 75 3d 63  6f 65 66 66 69 63 69 65  |ject.u=coefficie|
00000690  6e 74 20 6f 66 20 66 72  69 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 28  |nt of friction (|
000006a0  75 6e 69 71 75 65 20 66  6f 72 0a 65 76 65 72 79  |unique for.every|
000006b0  20 73 75 72 66 61 63 65  29 0a 4e 3d 6e 6f 72 6d  | surface).N=norm|
000006c0  61 6c 20 66 6f 72 63 65  20 28 70 65 72 70 65 6e  |al force (perpen|
000006d0  64 69 63 75 6c 61 72 20  74 6f 20 70 6c 61 6e 65  |dicular to plane|
000006e0  29 0a 50 3d 46 2f 41 0a  57 68 65 72 65 3a 0a 50  |).P=F/A.Where:.P|
000006f0  3d 70 72 65 73 73 75 72  65 20 28 4e 2f 6d b2 29  |=pressure (N/m.)|
00000700  0a 46 3d 66 6f 72 63 65  20 28 4e 29 0a 41 3d 61  |.F=force (N).A=a|
00000710  72 65 61 20 28 6d b2 29  0a 0a 4b 45 3d bd 6d 76  |rea (m.)..KE=.mv|
00000720  b2 0a 57 68 65 72 65 3a  0a 4b 45 3d 6b 69 6e 65  |..Where:.KE=kine|
00000730  74 69 63 20 65 6e 65 72  67 79 20 6f 66 20 61 20  |tic energy of a |
00000740  6d 6f 76 69 6e 67 20 6f  62 6a 65 63 74 20 28 4a  |moving object (J|
00000750  29 0a 6d 3d 6d 61 73 73  20 6f 66 20 6f 62 6a 65  |).m=mass of obje|
00000760  63 74 20 28 6b 67 29 0a  76 3d 76 65 6c 6f 63 69  |ct (kg).v=veloci|
00000770  74 79 20 6f 66 20 6f 62  6a 65 63 74 20 28 6d 2f  |ty of object (m/|
00000780  73 29 0a 0a 50 45 3d 6d  67 68 0a 57 68 65 72 65  |s)..PE=mgh.Where|
00000790  3a 0a 50 45 3d 70 6f 74  65 6e 74 69 61 6c 20 65  |:.PE=potential e|
000007a0  6e 65 72 67 79 20 6f 66  20 6f 62 6a 65 63 74 20  |nergy of object |
000007b0  28 4a 29 0a 6d 3d 6d 61  73 73 20 6f 66 20 6f 62  |(J).m=mass of ob|
000007c0  6a 65 63 74 0a 67 3d 67  72 61 76 69 74 61 74 69  |ject.g=gravitati|
000007d0  6f 6e 61 6c 20 66 6f 72  63 65 20 28 39 2e 38 4e  |onal force (9.8N|
000007e0  2f 6b 67 20 6f 6e 20 45  61 72 74 68 29 0a 0a 45  |/kg on Earth)..E|
000007f0  3d 46 64 0a 57 68 65 72  65 3a 0a 45 3d 65 6e 65  |=Fd.Where:.E=ene|
00000800  72 67 79 20 74 72 61 6e  73 66 6f 72 6d 65 64 20  |rgy transformed |
00000810  28 6f 72 20 77 6f 72 6b  20 64 6f 6e 65 29 20 28  |(or work done) (|
00000820  4a 29 0a 46 3d 66 6f 72  63 65 0a 64 3d 64 69 73  |J).F=force.d=dis|
00000830  74 61 6e 63 65 20 74 68  61 74 20 66 6f 72 63 65  |tance that force|
00000840  20 77 61 73 20 64 6f 6e  65 20 6f 76 65 72 0a 0a  | was done over..|
00000850  50 3d 57 2f 74 0a 57 68  65 72 65 3a 0a 50 3d 70  |P=W/t.Where:.P=p|
00000860  6f 77 65 72 20 28 57 29  0a 57 3d 57 6f 72 6b 20  |ower (W).W=Work |
00000870  64 6f 6e 65 2f 65 6e 65  72 67 79 20 74 72 61 6e  |done/energy tran|
00000880  73 66 6f 72 6d 65 64 20  28 4a 29 0a 74 3d 74 69  |sformed (J).t=ti|
00000890  6d 65 20 28 73 29 0a 0a  6d 6f 6d 65 6e 74 3d 46  |me (s)..moment=F|
000008a0  73 0a 57 68 65 72 65 3a  0a 46 3d 66 6f 72 63 65  |s.Where:.F=force|
000008b0  0a 73 3d 70 65 72 70 65  6e 64 69 63 75 6c 61 72  |.s=perpendicular|
000008c0  20 64 69 73 74 61 6e 63  65 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74  | distance from t|
000008d0  68 65 20 6c 69 6e 65 20  6f 66 0a 61 63 74 69 6f  |he line of.actio|
000008e0  6e 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65  20 66 6f 72 63 65 20 74  |n of the force t|
000008f0  6f 20 74 68 65 20 66 75  6c 63 72 75 6d 2e 0a 0a  |o the fulcrum...|
00000900  45 3d 65 56 0a 57 68 65  72 65 3a 0a 45 3d 65 6e  |E=eV.Where:.E=en|
00000910  65 72 67 79 20 67 69 76  65 6e 20 74 6f 20 61 6e  |ergy given to an|
00000920  20 65 6c 65 63 74 72 6f  6e 20 61 63 63 65 6c 65  | electron accele|
00000930  72 61 74 65 64 0a 74 68  72 6f 75 67 68 20 61 6e  |rated.through an|
00000940  20 65 6c 65 63 74 72 69  63 20 66 69 65 6c 64 20  | electric field |
00000950  28 4a 29 0a 65 3d 63 68  61 72 67 65 20 6f 6e 20  |(J).e=charge on |
00000960  61 6e 20 65 6c 65 63 74  72 6f 6e 20 28 31 2e 36  |an electron (1.6|
00000970  d7 31 30 5e 2d 31 39 29  0a 56 3d 76 6f 6c 74 61  |.10^-19).V=volta|
00000980  67 65 20 61 63 72 6f 73  73 20 66 69 65 6c 64 20  |ge across field |
00000990  28 56 29 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a  0a 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a  |(V).............|
000009a0

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